Landirani ngati data: momwe mabizinesi amaphunzirira kupindula ndi data yayikulu

Posanthula deta yayikulu, makampani amaphunzira kuvumbulutsa machitidwe obisika, kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito awo. Chitsogozocho ndi chapamwamba, koma si aliyense amene angapindule ndi deta yaikulu chifukwa cha kusowa kwa chikhalidwe chogwira ntchito nawo

“Dzina la munthu likachulukirachulukira, m’pamenenso amalipira pa nthawi yake. Pamene nyumba yanu ili ndi pansi, m'pamenenso mumakhala wobwereka bwino. Chizindikiro cha zodiac sichimakhudzanso mwayi wobweza ndalama, koma psychotype imachita kwambiri, "atero Stanislav Duzhinsky, katswiri wa Home Credit Bank, ponena za machitidwe osayembekezereka a obwereka. Sanapange kufotokoza zambiri mwa machitidwewa - adawululidwa ndi luntha lochita kupanga, lomwe linakonza masauzande a mbiri yamakasitomala.

Uwu ndiye mphamvu ya kusanthula kwakukulu kwa data: pakuwunika kuchuluka kwa data yosasinthika, pulogalamuyo imatha kupeza zolumikizana zambiri zomwe katswiri wanzeru kwambiri sakudziwa nkomwe. Kampani iliyonse ili ndi deta yambiri yosasinthika (deta yayikulu) - za ogwira ntchito, makasitomala, ogwirizana, ochita nawo mpikisano, omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito popindula ndi bizinesi: kupititsa patsogolo zotsatira za kukwezedwa, kukwaniritsa kukula kwa malonda, kuchepetsa kubweza kwa antchito, ndi zina zotero.

Oyamba kugwira ntchito ndi deta yayikulu anali makampani akuluakulu aukadaulo ndi matelefoni, mabungwe azachuma ndi malonda, ndemanga Rafail Miftakhov, mkulu wa Deloitte Technology Integration Group, CIS. Tsopano pali chidwi ndi mayankho otere m'mafakitale ambiri. Kodi makampani apindula chiyani? Ndipo kodi kusanthula kwakukulu kwa deta nthawi zonse kumabweretsa mfundo zofunika?

Osati katundu wosavuta

Mabanki amagwiritsa ntchito njira zazikulu za data makamaka kuti apititse patsogolo luso lamakasitomala ndikuwongolera ndalama, komanso kuthana ndi ngozi ndi kuthana ndi chinyengo. "M'zaka zaposachedwa, kusintha kwenikweni kwachitika pankhani yosanthula deta," akutero Duzhinsky. "Kugwiritsa ntchito makina ophunzirira kumatipatsa mwayi wolosera molondola za kuthekera kwa kubweza ngongole - zigawenga mu banki yathu ndi 3,9% yokha." Poyerekeza, kuyambira pa Januware 1, 2019, gawo la ngongole zolipira mochedwa kwa masiku 90 pa ngongole zomwe zidaperekedwa kwa anthu, malinga ndi Central Bank, 5%.

Ngakhale mabungwe ang'onoang'ono azachuma amadabwa ndi kafukufuku wa data yayikulu. "Kupereka chithandizo chandalama popanda kusanthula deta yayikulu lero kuli ngati kuchita masamu opanda manambala," akutero Andrey Ponomarev, CEO wa Webbankir, nsanja yobwereketsa pa intaneti. "Timapereka ndalama pa intaneti osawona kasitomala kapena pasipoti yake, ndipo mosiyana ndi kubwereketsa kwachikhalidwe, sitiyenera kuwunika momwe munthu alili, komanso kuzindikira umunthu wake."

Tsopano database ya kampaniyo imasunga zambiri pa makasitomala oposa 500 zikwi. Ntchito yatsopano iliyonse imawunikidwa ndi izi pafupifupi magawo 800. Pulogalamuyi imaganizira osati za jenda, zaka, chikhalidwe chaukwati ndi mbiri ya ngongole, komanso chipangizo chomwe munthu adalowa papulatifomu, momwe adachitira pa tsamba. Mwachitsanzo, zingakhale zochititsa mantha kuti wobwereketsayo sanagwiritse ntchito makina owerengetsera ngongole kapena sanafunse za ndondomeko ya ngongole. "Kupatulapo zinthu zochepa zomwe zimayimitsa - titi, sitimapereka ngongole kwa anthu ochepera zaka 19 - palibe chilichonse mwazinthu izi chomwe chili chifukwa chokana kapena kuvomera kupereka ngongole," akufotokoza motero Ponomarev. Ndi kuphatikiza kwa zinthu zomwe zili zofunika. Mu 95% ya milandu, chigamulocho chimapangidwa mwachisawawa, popanda kutenga nawo mbali kwa akatswiri a dipatimenti yolembera.

Kupereka chithandizo chandalama popanda kusanthula deta yayikulu lero kuli ngati kuchita masamu opanda manambala.

Kusanthula kwakukulu kwa data kumatithandiza kupeza njira zosangalatsa, Ponomarev amagawana. Mwachitsanzo, ogwiritsa ntchito a iPhone adakhala obwereketsa olangidwa kuposa eni ake a zida za Android - akale amalandira chilolezo chofunsira 1,7 nthawi zambiri. Ponomarev akuti: "Zoti asitikali sabweza ngongole pafupifupi kotala nthawi zambiri kuposa wobwereka wamba sizinadabwe. "Koma nthawi zambiri ophunzira samayenera kukakamizidwa, koma pakadali pano, milandu yolephera kubwereketsa ngongole imakhala yocheperako ndi 10% kuposa avareji yoyambira."

Kuphunzira kwa data yayikulu kumalolanso kugoletsa ma inshuwaransi. Idakhazikitsidwa mu 2016, IDX imagwira ntchito zozindikiritsa zakutali ndikutsimikizira zikalata pa intaneti. Ntchitozi zikufunidwa pakati pa ma inshuwaransi onyamula katundu omwe ali ndi chidwi ndi kutayika kwa katundu pang'ono momwe angathere. Asanapereke inshuwaransi yonyamula katundu, inshuwaransi, ndi chilolezo cha dalaivala, amafufuza kuti ndi yodalirika, akufotokoza Jan Sloka, mkulu wa zamalonda wa IDX. Pamodzi ndi mnzanu - kampani ya St. Petersburg "Risk Control" - IDX yapanga ntchito yomwe imakulolani kuti muwone dalaivala, deta ya pasipoti ndi ufulu, kutenga nawo mbali pazochitika zokhudzana ndi kutayika kwa katundu, ndi zina zotero. nkhokwe ya madalaivala, kampaniyo idazindikira "gulu lachiwopsezo": nthawi zambiri, katundu amatayika pakati pa madalaivala azaka 30-40 omwe ali ndi luso loyendetsa galimoto, omwe nthawi zambiri asintha ntchito posachedwa. Zinapezekanso kuti katunduyo nthawi zambiri amabedwa ndi madalaivala a magalimoto, moyo wautumiki womwe umaposa zaka zisanu ndi zitatu.

Kufunafuna

Ogulitsa ali ndi ntchito yosiyana - kuzindikira makasitomala omwe ali okonzeka kugula, ndikupeza njira zabwino kwambiri zowabweretsera kumalo kapena sitolo. Kuti izi zitheke, mapulogalamuwa amasanthula mbiri ya makasitomala, deta kuchokera ku akaunti yawo, mbiri ya kugula, kufufuza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mfundo za bonasi, zomwe zili m'mabasiketi amagetsi omwe adayamba kudzaza ndi kuwasiya. Kusanthula kwa data kumakupatsani mwayi wogawa nkhokwe yonse ndikuzindikira magulu a ogula omwe angakhale ndi chidwi ndi zomwe mukufuna, akutero Kirill Ivanov, mkulu wa ofesi ya data ya gulu la M.Video-Eldorado.

Mwachitsanzo, pulogalamuyi imazindikiritsa magulu a makasitomala, omwe aliyense amakonda zida zotsatsa zosiyanasiyana - ngongole yopanda chiwongola dzanja, kubweza ndalama, kapena khodi yotsatsa yochotsera. Ogula awa amalandila kalata ya imelo yokhala ndi kukwezedwa kofananira. Mwayi woti munthu, atatsegula kalatayo, adzapita ku webusaiti ya kampaniyo, pamenepa akuwonjezeka kwambiri, Ivanov analemba.

Kusanthula kwa data kumakupatsaninso mwayi wowonjezera malonda okhudzana ndi zinthu ndi zowonjezera. Dongosolo, lomwe lakonza mbiri yakale ya makasitomala ena, limapereka malingaliro ogula pa zomwe angagule pamodzi ndi zomwe zasankhidwa. Kuyesedwa kwa njira iyi yogwirira ntchito, malinga ndi Ivanov, kunawonetsa kuchuluka kwa madongosolo okhala ndi Chalk ndi 12% komanso kuwonjezeka kwa kubweza kwa zida ndi 15%.

Ogulitsa si okhawo omwe amayesetsa kupititsa patsogolo ntchito yabwino ndikuwonjezera malonda. Chilimwe chatha, MegaFon idayambitsa ntchito yopereka "yanzeru" potengera kusanthula kwa data kuchokera kwa mamiliyoni ambiri olembetsa. Ataphunzira machitidwe awo, luntha lochita kupanga laphunzira kupanga zotsatsa za kasitomala aliyense mkati mwamitengo. Mwachitsanzo, ngati pulogalamuyo ikunena kuti munthu akuwonera kanema pazida zake, ntchitoyi imamupatsa kuti awonjezere kuchuluka kwa magalimoto am'manja. Poganizira zokonda za ogwiritsa ntchito, kampaniyo imapereka olembetsa omwe ali ndi magalimoto opanda malire amitundu yawo yomwe amakonda kwambiri pa intaneti - mwachitsanzo, kugwiritsa ntchito amithenga apompopompo kapena kumvetsera nyimbo pamawu ochezera, kucheza pamasamba ochezera kapena kuwonera makanema apa TV.

"Timasanthula khalidwe la olembetsa ndikumvetsetsa momwe zokonda zawo zimasinthira," akufotokoza motero Vitaly Shcherbakov, mkulu wa data analytics yaikulu ku MegaFon. "Mwachitsanzo, chaka chino, magalimoto a AliExpress akula nthawi 1,5 poyerekeza ndi chaka chatha, ndipo kawirikawiri, chiwerengero cha maulendo opita kumasitolo ogulitsa zovala pa intaneti chikukula: nthawi 1,2-2, kutengera zomwe zilipo."

Chitsanzo china cha ntchito ya wogwiritsa ntchito ndi deta yaikulu ndi nsanja ya MegaFon Poisk yofufuza ana omwe akusowa ndi akuluakulu. Dongosolo limasanthula anthu omwe angakhale pafupi ndi malo omwe akusowa, ndikutumiza chidziwitso ndi chithunzi ndi zizindikiro za munthu yemwe wasowa. Wogwira ntchitoyo adapanga ndikuyesa dongosololi pamodzi ndi Unduna wa Zam'kati ndi bungwe la Lisa Alert: mkati mwa mphindi ziwiri zowunikira munthu yemwe wasowa, olembetsa opitilira 2 amalandira, zomwe zimawonjezera mwayi wopeza zotsatira zopambana.

Osapita ku PUB

Kusanthula kwakukulu kwa data kwapezanso ntchito m'makampani. Apa zimakupatsani mwayi wolosera zakufunika ndikukonzekera malonda. Chifukwa chake, mu gulu lamakampani la Cherkizovo, zaka zitatu zapitazo, yankho lozikidwa pa SAP BW lidakhazikitsidwa, lomwe limakupatsani mwayi wosunga ndikusintha zidziwitso zonse zogulitsa: mitengo, assortment, kuchuluka kwazinthu, kukwezedwa, njira zogawa, akuti Vladislav Belyaev, CIO. wa gulu ” Cherkizovo. Kuwunika kwa chidziwitso cha 2 TB chomwe chinasonkhanitsidwa sikunangopangitsa kuti zitheke kupanga ma assortment ndi kukhathamiritsa malonda, komanso zidathandizira ntchito ya ogwira ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, kukonzekera lipoti la malonda a tsiku ndi tsiku kungafune ntchito ya tsiku la akatswiri ambiri - awiri pa gawo lililonse lazogulitsa. Tsopano lipoti ili lakonzedwa ndi robot, kuthera mphindi 30 zokha pamagulu onse.

"M'makampani, deta yaikulu imagwira ntchito bwino pamodzi ndi intaneti ya zinthu," anatero Stanislav Meshkov, CEO wa Umbrella IT. "Kutengera kusanthula kwa data kuchokera ku masensa omwe zidazo zili ndi zida, ndizotheka kuzindikira zopotoka pakugwirira ntchito kwake ndikuletsa kuwonongeka, ndikulosera momwe zingakhalire."

Ku Severstal, mothandizidwa ndi deta yayikulu, akuyeseranso kuthetsa ntchito zosakhala zazing'ono - mwachitsanzo, kuchepetsa kuvulala. Mu 2019, kampaniyo idapereka pafupifupi RUB 1,1 biliyoni kuti ithandizire kukonza chitetezo chantchito. Severstal akuyembekeza kuchepetsa kuvulazidwa ndi 2025% ndi 50 (poyerekeza ndi 2017). “Ngati woyang’anira mzere — nduna, woyang’anira malo, manijala wa sitolo — awona kuti wogwira ntchitoyo akuchita zinthu zina mosatetezeka (sagwiritsitsa masitepe pamene akukwera masitepe pamalo a mafakitale kapena savala zida zonse zodzitetezera), akulemba motero. chidziwitso chapadera kwa iye - PAB (kuchokera "kufufuza chitetezo cha khalidwe")," anatero Boris Voskresensky, mkulu wa dipatimenti yowunikira deta ya kampaniyo.

Pambuyo posanthula zambiri za kuchuluka kwa ma PAB m'gulu limodzi mwa magawo, akatswiri a kampaniyo adapeza kuti malamulo achitetezo nthawi zambiri amaphwanyidwa ndi omwe anali ndi ndemanga zingapo m'mbuyomu, komanso omwe anali patchuthi chodwala kapena patchuthi posachedwa. chochitikacho. Kuphwanya kwa sabata yoyamba pambuyo pobwerera kutchuthi kapena kutchuthi kodwala kunali kokulirapo kawiri kuposa nthawi yotsatira: 1 motsutsana ndi 0,55%. Koma kugwira ntchito usiku, monga momwe zinakhalira, sikukhudza ziwerengero za PABs.

Zosagwirizana ndi zenizeni

Kupanga ma aligorivimu pokonza deta yayikulu si gawo lovuta kwambiri pantchitoyo, oimira kampani akutero. Ndizovuta kwambiri kumvetsetsa momwe matekinolojewa angagwiritsire ntchito pa bizinesi iliyonse. Apa ndi pamene chidendene cha Achilles cha akatswiri amakampani komanso ngakhale opereka chithandizo chakunja chagona, chomwe, zikuwoneka, chapeza ukadaulo wokhudzana ndi deta yayikulu.

"Nthawi zambiri ndinkakumana ndi akatswiri akuluakulu a masamu omwe anali akatswiri a masamu, koma sankadziwa bwino njira zamalonda," akutero Sergey Kotik, mkulu wa chitukuko ku GoodsForecast. Amakumbukira momwe zaka ziwiri zapitazo kampani yake idakhala ndi mwayi wochita nawo mpikisano wolosera zamtsogolo zamakampani ogulitsa malonda. Dera loyendetsa ndege linasankhidwa, pazinthu zonse ndi masitolo omwe otenga nawo mbali adaneneratu. Zoneneratuzo zinafanizidwa ndi malonda enieni. Malo oyamba adatengedwa ndi imodzi mwa zimphona zapaintaneti za ku Russia, zomwe zimadziwika ndi luso lake pakuphunzira makina ndi kusanthula deta: muzoneneratu zake, zikuwonetsa kupatuka kochepa pakugulitsa kwenikweni.

Koma pamene maukonde anayamba kuphunzira zolosera zake mwatsatanetsatane, kunapezeka kuti kuchokera ku bizinesi, iwo ali osavomerezeka. Kampaniyo inayambitsa chitsanzo chomwe chinapanga mapulani ogulitsa ndi ndondomeko yowonongeka. Pulogalamuyo idawona momwe mungachepetsere kuthekera kwa zolakwika pakulosera: ndikotetezeka kunyalanyaza malonda, popeza cholakwika chachikulu chikhoza kukhala 100% (palibe kugulitsa koyipa), koma motsogozedwa ndi kulosera, kumatha kukhala kwakukulu, Kotik akufotokoza. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, kampaniyo inapereka chitsanzo chabwino cha masamu, chomwe kwenikweni chingapangitse masitolo opanda kanthu ndi kutaya kwakukulu kuchokera ku undersales. Chotsatira chake, kampani ina inapambana mpikisano, omwe mawerengedwe ake angagwiritsidwe ntchito.

"Mwinamwake" m'malo mwa data yayikulu

Ukadaulo waukulu wa data ndi wofunikira m'mafakitale ambiri, koma kukhazikitsa kwawo mwachangu sikuchitika paliponse, Meshkov amalemba. Mwachitsanzo, mu chisamaliro chaumoyo pali vuto ndi kusungirako deta: zambiri zakhala zikusonkhanitsidwa ndipo zimasinthidwa nthawi zonse, koma nthawi zambiri deta iyi siinafike pakompyuta. Palinso deta yambiri m'mabungwe a boma, koma samaphatikizidwa mumagulu wamba. Kupanga nsanja yolumikizana ya National Data Management System (NCMS) ndicholinga chothana ndi vutoli, akutero katswiri.

Komabe, dziko lathu liri kutali ndi dziko lokhalo lomwe m'mabungwe ambiri zisankho zofunika zimapangidwa pamaziko a chidziwitso, osati kusanthula deta yayikulu. Mu Epulo chaka chatha, Deloitte adachita kafukufuku pakati pa atsogoleri opitilira chikwi amakampani akuluakulu aku America (omwe ali ndi antchito a 500 kapena kupitilira apo) ndipo adapeza kuti 63% mwa omwe adafunsidwa amadziwa bwino umisiri wamkulu wa data, koma alibe zonse zofunika. zomangamanga kuti azigwiritsa ntchito. Pakadali pano, pakati pa 37% yamakampani omwe ali ndi kukula kwakukulu kowunikira, pafupifupi theka ladutsa kwambiri zolinga zamabizinesi m'miyezi 12 yapitayi.

Kafukufukuyu adawonetsa kuti kuwonjezera pazovuta zogwiritsa ntchito njira zatsopano zamakono, vuto lalikulu m'makampani ndi kusowa kwa chikhalidwe chogwira ntchito ndi deta. Simuyenera kuyembekezera zotsatira zabwino ngati udindo wa zisankho zomwe zapangidwa pamaziko a deta yaikulu zimaperekedwa kwa akatswiri a kampani okha, osati ku kampani yonse. "Tsopano makampani akuyang'ana njira zosangalatsa zogwiritsira ntchito deta yaikulu," akutero Miftakhov. "Panthawi yomweyi, kukhazikitsidwa kwa zochitika zina kumafuna kuti pakhale ndalama zosonkhanitsira, kukonza ndi kuwongolera zabwino zazinthu zina zomwe sizinawunikidwe kale." Tsoka, "analytics sichinali masewera amagulu," olemba kafukufuku amavomereza.

Siyani Mumakonda