Mbalame yamatcheri

Colata Vulgaris, mtundu wa chitumbuwa cha mbalame, monga lamulo, umakula mchitsamba chaching'ono, chomwe kutalika kwake sikupitilira mita 5. Masamba ake ndi ofiira, ndipo zipatso nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi fungo la amondi. Chifukwa cha mtundu wofiirira wakhungwa, mtengo umakhala wokongola modabwitsa. Simakonda kwambiri chisanu, ngakhale chimakhala nthawi yozizira molimba.

Antipka ndi wapadera chifukwa ndi chiwindi chenicheni chachitali. Mtengo umatha kukhala zaka zopitilira 200, ndiwodzichepetsa, umakula ngakhale panthaka yamiyala. Malo ogawa makamaka ku Europe ndi Middle East. Mtengo umakula m'malo otsetsereka kuti nthaka ikhale yolimba, ndipo kuchokera ku khungwa lake, anthu akupanganso mafuta onunkhira.

Tanena kale kufanana ndi sakura. Ndipo sizinangokhalako mwangozi chifukwa imodzi mwa mitunduyo imakula ku Japan. Ndi za Amanogawa. Maluwa oyera-pinki amafalikira pamtengo wamitunduyi. Malinga ndi achi Japan, Amanogawa ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zachilengedwe.

Zosiyanasiyana

Cherry ya Siberia ndi dzina la mitundu yapadera yomwe imamera ku Sakhalin. Sikuti imangokhala ndi chisanu chachikulu, komanso imakolola kwambiri. Mtengo umatha kupereka mpaka makilogalamu 20 pa nyengo; imalekerera matenda ambiri ndi chisanu nthawi yachisanu.

Mitundu yatsopano yatsopanoyi ndi yaying'ono kwambiri yamatcheri a mbalame. Mtengo umatulutsa zipatso zofiirira zakuda pambuyo pake. Pakukolola kamodzi, izi zimapereka pafupifupi 15 kilogalamu. Monga ena, amalekerera kuzizira bwino.

Ngati mumakonda maswiti, ndiye kuti mumakonda Salomatovskaya mbalame yamatcheri. Zipatso zake sizikhala ndi astringency, iliyonse yolemera pafupifupi 1 gramu. Mitunduyi imakhala ndi zokolola zambiri zamakilogalamu 45 pa nyengo.
Pomaliza, otchuka kwambiri ndi Wamba. Dzina la chitumbuwa cha mbalameyi ndi carpal. Mitundu ya inflorescence yake imakhala yapinki mpaka yachikaso. Ichi ndichifukwa chake mitengo yotere imakula ngati zokongoletsa pakapangidwe kazithunzi.

Ubwino wathanzi

Zopindulitsa za chitumbuwa cha mbalame zimakhala zosiyanasiyana ndipo zimakhudza dongosolo lakumagaya, kuzungulira kwa magazi, chitetezo chamthupi, dongosolo la genitourinary, ndi malo:

• Ma Tannins, omwe amapezeka kwambiri mu chitumbuwa cha mbalame, amatha kusintha chimbudzi. Mbali ya zinthu izi ndi kukana kutentha mankhwala ndi kuzizira.
• Chifukwa cha pectin, matumbo amatha kupititsa patsogolo ntchito za peristalsis. Mabulosi amalimbikitsa kuyamwa kwabwino kwa chakudya ndikuwononga mabakiteriya ambiri okhala m'matumbo.
• Phytoncides amathandiza pakuwononga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mwa njira, chinthu chomwecho ndichothandiza kuthamangitsa ntchentche ndi udzudzu.
• Kulimbitsa mtima wamagetsi ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zipatso za mbalame nthawi zonse ndizotheka chifukwa cha vitamini P. Amalimbitsa makoma amitsempha yamagazi, amachotsa "cholesterol choyipa" ndi poizoni. Chifukwa cha ascorbic acid, kamvekedwe ka kayendedwe ka magazi kamawonjezeka.
• Mabulosiwa amakhala ndi zovuta zomwe zimaphatikizapo beta-carotene ndi flavonoids - kuphatikiza uku ndi njira yabwino yopewera khansa.
• Mothandizidwa ndi calcium ndi potaziyamu, kukonzanso kumatha kupitilizidwa, ndipo mothandizidwa ndi mchere, kutupa kumatha. Tsamba lofiira la mbalame yofiira lili ndi ma phytoncides ambiri olimbana ndi matenda monga tonsillitis ndi bronchitis.
• Kutsekemera kuchokera ku khungwa la mtengo ndikwabwino pochizira kwamikodzo komanso ngati diaphoretic. Zimathandizanso kulimbikitsa mafupa, chifukwa cha mchere, chifukwa chake decoction iyi ndi yabwino kuchiza nyamakazi, gout, ndi rheumatism.

Contraindications

Madokotala samazindikira zopinga zazikulu pakugwiritsa ntchito zipatso za mbalame nthawi zonse, koma amachenjeza amayi apakati. Asidi a hydrocyanic omwe amapezeka mu zipatso ndi owopsa okha. Ndipo ngakhale kuchuluka kwake kuli kocheperako, kumawopsezabe mwana yemwe akukula.

Yosungirako mbalame chitumbuwa

Mutha kusunga yamatcheri mbalame m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Palinso china chochititsa chidwi, monga kupanga ufa. Koma choyamba, muyenera disassemble ndi kuyanika.
Mabulosiwo ayenera kuti akuyala pansi kuti aumitse chitumbuwa cha mbalamezo, mwachitsanzo, pepala lophika. Imapita mu uvuni pamoto wosapitirira 50 ° C. Onetsetsani kuti mwasakaniza zipatsozo kuti zisaume. Mukawona kuti mabulosi akunyinyirika, mutha kuwatulutsa ndikuwayika pamalo owala, opumira, mwachitsanzo, pakhonde. Kenako anthu akuyika chitumbuwa cha mbalame m'matumba ndikusungira m'nyumba. Kumbukirani, mabulosiwa amakonda kuuma. Mukamauma, anthu amatha kusungira zaka pafupifupi 5.
Kuti mupeze ufa wamatcheri a mbalame, muyenera kuthira zipatso zouma. Chopukusira khofi ndi oyenera izi. Ufa ndi wabwino popanga buledi kapena mitanda yosiyanasiyana; imakhala ngati maziko a zakudya ndi tiyi.

Kusungidwa kwa chitumbuwa cha mbalame kuli bwino mu mawonekedwe achisanu kapena ngati kupanikizana. Kuti muumitse mabulosi, muyenera kulikonza, liumitseni ndi chopukutira papepala, ndikuliyika m'matumba otchingira mpweya. Kenako mutha kuyiyika mufiriji. Mufunika kuchokera ku kilogalamu imodzi ya zipatso kuti mupange kupanikizana, kuisunga m'madzi otentha kwa mphindi ziwiri. Ndiye kutsanulira madzi amene analandira kuchokera kuphika ndi kuwiritsa mu lalikulu mbale. Chithovu chimachotsedwa mosamala, chophika mpaka chakuda. Pambuyo pake, mutha kutsanulira kupanikizana mumitsuko yosawilitsidwa ndikusamala mosamala.

Kukula mbalame yamatcheri

Mabuku ambiri ofotokozera alembedwa za momwe mungabzalidwe chitumbuwa cha mbalame. Chomeracho chalimidwa kwa nthawi yayitali; alimi amalimbikitsa kusankha Ogasiti mpaka Seputembala kuti mufesere. Mbeu zimayenera kulowa muchidebe chokhala ndi mchenga wonyowa kenako nkuzisiya pamalo ozizira. Akangoyamba kuphuka, chidebecho chimayenera kupita chipale chofewa. Nthawi yabwino kuti mbande zizike ndi nthawi yophukira komanso masika. Phando la mtengo wamtsogolo liyenera kukhala lokwanira, ndipo mukuyika mizu mwaufulu. Pakulima nthuza za mbalame, pali feteleza wapadera omwe amaphatikizanso mchere. Ndikokwanira kutsatira malangizowo osayiwala za feteleza. Chomeracho chimafunikiranso kuthirira; nyengo yokula ikayamba, muyenera kutero kangapo.

Mbalame yamatcheri nthawi zonse imakhala ndi chinyezi chokwanira, koma pakagwa chilala, muyenera kubwereza kuthirira. Humus ndi utuchi zikutambasula nthaka. Olima minda amalangiza kulima mitundu ingapo mbali imodzi, osasunthika mtunda wa 5 mita. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti chomeracho chimakonda kuwala, ndipo mitundu yake imakula kuposa ena onse, ikulowerera abale ang'ono ndi korona wandiweyani. Mukangomaliza kubzala, nthawi yomweyo muyenera kudula chomeracho, kutalika kwa masentimita 55-60. Pambuyo pa chaka choyamba, mphukira yayitali kwambiri imadulidwa masentimita 50 kuchokera mbali yoyamba ya nthambi.

Malangizo ena pakukula chitumbuwa cha mbalame

Mbalame yamatcheri ndi chomera chodzichepetsa choyenera kusamalira, koma imafuna dothi lowala bwino komanso lonyowa. Tawonetsa kale kuti tikulimbikitsidwa kubzala mitundu yosachepera 2-3 mdera limodzi, koma ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti ayenera kubala zipatso nthawi imodzi. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuyendetsa mungu. Onani kuti mitundu ina imafunika kuthirira pafupipafupi; awa akuphatikiza Maaka. Mwanjira zina zonse, njira zowasamalirira ndizosavuta: timakumba ndi kumasula nthaka nthawi zonse, kuthira mafuta pamwamba, namsongole, ndi kudulira. Komanso, musaiwale za tizirombo tambiri, mwachitsanzo, bowa wa marsupial, kafadala, ma moths, hawthorn, ndi mbozi za silika.

Zosangalatsa

Zinthu zambiri zosangalatsa zitha kuuzidwa za chitumbuwa cha mbalame; pali nthano zambiri ndi mafanizo momwe mtengo wa chitumbuwa cha mbalame umawonekera. Sakura pakati pa Japan ndi m'modzi mwa anthu otchulidwa m'nkhani zambiri. Nazi zina mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri zokhudza izi:

Mndandanda wazowona

• Zofukula m'mabwinja zawonetsa kuti zipatsozo zimadziwika ndi anthu kuyambira nthawi ya miyala. Sizikudziwika kuti ndi chiyani chomwe chidakonzedwa kuchokera kwa iwo.
• Mbalame yamatcheri imapezeka ku Russia ndi USA kokha koma padziko lonse lapansi. Anthu akulima chomera kulikonse komwe kuli kotentha.
• Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito ufa wa chitumbuwa cha mbalame kuti mupange zakudya zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo keke yotchuka yaku Siberia.
• Kupanga zaluso zamatabwa - mbalame yamatcheri a mbalame ndizovuta komanso zotanuka, chifukwa chake ndizabwino kwambiri.
• Chithunzi chofananira chamaluwa chomwe anthu amagwiritsa ntchito ankhondo ndipo chimakhala ngati maziko opangira cholumikizira chakupha.
• Nthawi yomweyo, inali madzi amchere a mbalame omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira panthawi ya Great Patriotic War. Ndi chithandizo chake, anthu amachiza mabala.
• Hydrocyanic acid, yomwe ndi gawo lamaluwa a chitumbuwa cha mbalame, yawonjezera kusinthasintha. Ichi ndichifukwa chake simuyenera kunyamula nthambi kulowa nazo mnyumbamo. Kungakhale kokongola, koma ndi koopsa kwa anthu ndi nyama.

Kotero ife tinaphunzira zonse za chitumbuwa cha mbalame. Inde, padakali zambiri zoti auze za izi, chifukwa zadziwika padziko lapansi kuyambira kale. Ku Russia, anthu amatcha mbalame yamatcheri "swarthy," Agiriki akale adaphunzira za iyo chifukwa cha Theophrastus; padziko lonse lapansi, anthu amawona kuti ndi chizindikiro cha chikondi ndi unyamata. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, malinga ndi nthano ina, msungwana yemwe samatha kupirira kupusitsidwa adatembenukira kumtengo wamtengo wa mbalame, mtima wake udawuma, chifukwa chake maluwa ake amakhala chimfine chozizira. Mwa njira, apa ndi pomwe zamatsenga zotchuka zimachokera, zomwe zimati mutha kudziwa kuyambika kwa dzinja ndi maluwa a mbalame yamatcheri.

Nayi kanemayo kuti musangalale ndi kukongola koona komwe chomera ichi chili nacho: