Mtengo wa thanzi komanso kapangidwe ka mankhwala.
Zakudya zabwino | kuchuluka | Zachikhalidwe ** | % yazizolowezi mu 100 g | % ya zachilendo mu 100 kcal | 100% yachibadwa |
Mtengo wa calorie | Tsamba 174.6 | Tsamba 1684 | 10.4% | 6% | 964 ga |
Mapuloteni | 14.598 ga | 76 ga | 19.2% | 11% | 521 ga |
mafuta | 12.557 ga | 56 ga | 22.4% | 12.8% | 446 ga |
Zakudya | 0.805 ga | 219 ga | 0.4% | 0.2% | 27205 ga |
Water | 69.84 ga | 2273 ga | 3.1% | 1.8% | 3255 ga |
ash | 1.149 ga | ~ | |||
mavitamini | |||||
Vitamini A, RE | Makilogalamu 269 | Makilogalamu 900 | 29.9% | 17.1% | 335 ga |
Retinol | 0.259 mg | ~ | |||
beta carotenes | 0.062 mg | 5 mg | 1.2% | 0.7% | 8065 ga |
Vitamini B1, thiamine | 0.08 mg | 1.5 mg | 5.3% | 3% | 1875 ga |
Vitamini B2, riboflavin | 0.506 mg | 1.8 mg | 28.1% | 16.1% | 356 ga |
Vitamini B4, choline | 288.51 mg | 500 mg | 57.7% | 33% | 173 ga |
Vitamini B5, pantothenic | 1.494 mg | 5 mg | 29.9% | 17.1% | 335 ga |
Vitamini B6, pyridoxine | 0.161 mg | 2 mg | 8.1% | 4.6% | 1242 ga |
Vitamini B9, folate | Makilogalamu 8.046 | Makilogalamu 400 | 2% | 1.1% | 4971 ga |
Vitamini B12, cobalamin | Makilogalamu 0.598 | Makilogalamu 3 | 19.9% | 11.4% | 502 ga |
Vitamini D, calciferol | Makilogalamu 2.529 | Makilogalamu 10 | 25.3% | 14.5% | 395 ga |
Vitamini E, alpha tocopherol, TE | 0.69 mg | 15 mg | 4.6% | 2.6% | 2174 ga |
Vitamini H, biotin | Makilogalamu 23.218 | Makilogalamu 50 | 46.4% | 26.6% | 215 ga |
Vitamini K, phylloquinone | Makilogalamu 0.3 | Makilogalamu 120 | 0.3% | 0.2% | 40000 ga |
Vitamini PP, NO | 2.6416 mg | 20 mg | 13.2% | 7.6% | 757 ga |
niacin | 0.218 mg | ~ | |||
Ma Macronutrients | |||||
Potaziyamu, K | 160.92 mg | 2500 mg | 6.4% | 3.7% | 1554 ga |
Calcium, CA | 63.22 mg | 1000 mg | 6.3% | 3.6% | 1582 ga |
Mankhwala a magnesium, mg | 13.79 mg | 400 mg | 3.4% | 1.9% | 2901 ga |
Sodium, Na | 154.02 mg | 1300 mg | 11.8% | 6.8% | 844 ga |
Sulufule, S | 202.3 mg | 1000 mg | 20.2% | 11.6% | 494 ga |
Phosphorus, P. | 220.7 mg | 800 mg | 27.6% | 15.8% | 362 ga |
Mankhwala, Cl | 179.31 mg | 2300 mg | 7.8% | 4.5% | 1283 ga |
Tsatani Zinthu | |||||
Iron, Faith | 2.874 mg | 18 mg | 16% | 9.2% | 626 ga |
Ayodini, ine | Makilogalamu 22.99 | Makilogalamu 150 | 15.3% | 8.8% | 652 ga |
Cobalt, Co. | Makilogalamu 11.494 | Makilogalamu 10 | 114.9% | 65.8% | 87 ga |
Manganese, Mn | 0.0333 mg | 2 mg | 1.7% | 1% | 6006 ga |
Mkuwa, Cu | Makilogalamu 95.4 | Makilogalamu 1000 | 9.5% | 5.4% | 1048 ga |
Mzinda wa Molybdenum, Mo. | Makilogalamu 6.897 | Makilogalamu 70 | 9.9% | 5.7% | 1015 ga |
Selenium, Ngati | Makilogalamu 36.437 | Makilogalamu 55 | 66.2% | 37.9% | 151 ga |
Zamadzimadzi, F | Makilogalamu 63.22 | Makilogalamu 4000 | 1.6% | 0.9% | 6327 ga |
Chrome, Kr | Makilogalamu 4.6 | Makilogalamu 50 | 9.2% | 5.3% | 1087 ga |
Nthaka, Zn | 1.2759 mg | 12 mg | 10.6% | 6.1% | 941 ga |
Zakudya zam'mimba | |||||
Mono- ndi disaccharides (shuga) | 0.805 ga | maulendo 100 г | |||
sterols | |||||
Cholesterol | 655.17 mg | pa 300 mg | |||
Mafuta okhutira | |||||
Mafuta okhutira | 3.4 ga | maulendo 18.7 г | |||
Monounsaturated mafuta zidulo | 6.182 ga | Mphindi 16.8 г | 36.8% | 21.1% | |
Mafuta a Polyunsaturated acids | 3.251 ga | kuchokera 11.2 mpaka 20.6 | 29% | 16.6% | |
Omega-3 mafuta acids | 0.207 ga | kuchokera 0.9 mpaka 3.7 | 23% | 13.2% | |
Omega-6 mafuta acids | 3.042 ga | kuchokera 4.7 mpaka 16.8 | 64.7% | 37.1% |
Mphamvu ndi 174,6 kcal.
- Chidutswa = 50 gr (87.3 kcal)
- C0 = 60 g (104.8 kcal)
- C1 = 50 g (87.3 kcal)
- C2 = 40 g (69.8 kcal)
- C3 = 32 g (55.9 kcal)
- vitamini A imayambitsa chitukuko chabwinobwino, ntchito yobereka, khungu ndi maso, komanso kuteteza chitetezo chamthupi.
- vitamini B2 amatenga nawo mbali pazokonzanso za redox, imathandizira chidwi chamitundu ya chowunikira chowonera ndikusinthasintha kwamdima. Mavitamini B2 osakwanira amaphatikizidwa ndi kuphwanya khungu, nembanemba yam'mimba, kuwonongeka kwa kuwala ndi kuwunika kwamadzulo.
- obwerawa Ndi gawo la lecithin, limathandizira pakuphatikizira ndi kagayidwe kake ka phospholipids m'chiwindi, ndimagulu am'magulu amethyl aulere, amakhala ngati lipotropic factor.
- vitamini B5 nawo mapuloteni, mafuta, zimam'patsa kagayidwe, mafuta m'thupi kagayidwe, synthesis wa mahomoni angapo, hemoglobin, amalimbikitsa mayamwidwe amino zidulo ndi shuga mu intestine, amathandiza ntchito ya adrenal kotekisi. Kuperewera kwa asidi wa pantothenic kumatha kubweretsa kuwonongeka pakhungu ndi mamina.
- vitamini B12 imachita gawo lofunikira pakusintha kwama metabolism ndikusintha kwa amino acid. Folate ndi vitamini B12 ndi mavitamini ogwirizana ndipo amatenga nawo mbali pakupanga magazi. Kusowa kwa vitamini B12 kumabweretsa kukulira kuchepa kwa tsankho kapena sekondale, komanso kuchepa kwa magazi, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia.
- vitamini D amakhala homeostasis kashiamu ndi phosphorous, amachita njira ya mineralization fupa. Kuperewera kwa vitamini D kumayambitsa kuchepa kwa calcium ndi phosphorous m'mafupa, kuwonjezeka kwa demineralization ya mafupa, komwe kumabweretsa chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha kufooka kwa mafupa.
- Vitamini H. nawo synthesis wa mafuta, glycogen, ndi kagayidwe wa amino zidulo. Kudya mavitamini osakwanira kumatha kubweretsa kusokonezeka kwa khungu.
- Vitamini PP amachita nawo zochita redox mphamvu kagayidwe. Kusakwanira kudya mavitamini kumatsagana ndi kusokonekera kwa khungu, m'mimba komanso m'mitsempha.
- Phosphorus amatenga nawo gawo pazinthu zambiri zakuthupi, kuphatikiza mphamvu yamagetsi, kuwongolera kuyamwa kwa asidi, ndi gawo la phospholipids, nucleotides ndi nucleic acid, ndikofunikira pakuchepetsa mafupa ndi mano. Kuperewera kumabweretsa matenda a anorexia, kuchepa magazi, ziphuphu.
- Iron ndi gawo la mapuloteni azinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza michere. Nawo nawo mayendedwe ma elekitironi, mpweya, zipangitsa njira ya redox zimachitikira ndi kutsegula kwa peroxidation. Kusakwanira kumwa kumabweretsa hypochromic magazi m'thupi, myoglobin-atony wopanda mafupa a mafupa, kuwonjezeka kutopa, myocardiopathy, atrophic gastritis.
- Iodini amachita nawo ntchito ya chithokomiro, ndikupanga mapangidwe a mahomoni (thyroxine ndi triiodothyronine). Ndikofunikira pakukula ndi kusiyanitsa maselo amitundu yonse ya thupi la munthu, kupuma kwa mitochondrial, kuwongolera transmembrane sodium ndi mayendedwe a mahomoni. Kudya kosakwanira kumabweretsa chiwopsezo chakumapeto kwa hypothyroidism ndikuchepetsa kagayidwe kake, kupsinjika kwa magazi, kuchepa kwamankhwala komanso kukula kwa ana.
- Cobalt ndi gawo la vitamini B12. Amayambitsa ma enzyme a fatty acid metabolism ndi folic acid metabolism.
- Selenium - chinthu chofunikira kwambiri cha chitetezo cha antioxidant cha thupi la munthu, chimakhala ndi chitetezo chamthupi, chimagwira nawo ntchito yokhudza mahomoni a chithokomiro. Kuperewera kumabweretsa matenda a Kashin-Beck (osteoarthritis omwe ali ndi ziwalo zingapo, msana ndi mafupa), matenda a Keshan (opatsirana myocardiopathy), cholowa cha thrombastenia.
Mtengo wamagetsi, kapena zopatsa kalori Ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe zimatulutsidwa m'thupi la munthu kuchokera ku chakudya panthawi ya chimbudzi. Mphamvu yamphamvu ya chinthu imayesedwa mu kilocalories (kcal) kapena kilojoules (kJ) pa 100 magalamu. mankhwala. Kilocalorie yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeza kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya chakudya imatchedwanso "calorie yachakudya," chifukwa chake mawu oyambira pa kilo nthawi zambiri samasiyidwa akamanena zopatsa mphamvu mu (kilo) zopatsa mphamvu. Mutha kuwona matebulo atsatanetsatane amagetsi pazinthu zaku Russia.
Mtengo wa zakudya - zili ndi chakudya, mafuta ndi mapuloteni.
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi - gulu lazinthu zopangira chakudya, pamaso pazomwe thupi limakwaniritsa zosowa zamunthu ndi mphamvu.
mavitamini, zinthu zakuthupi zomwe zimafunikira pang'ono pang'ono pazakudya za anthu komanso zinyama zambiri. Mavitamini nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi zomera m'malo mwa nyama. Chosowa cha anthu tsiku ndi tsiku cha mavitamini ndi mamiligalamu ochepa kapena ma micrograms ochepa. Mosiyana ndi zinthu zopanda pake, mavitamini amawonongeka ndi kutentha kwakukulu. Mavitamini ambiri amakhala osakhazikika komanso "amatayika" pophika kapena pokonza chakudya.