Kugwira nsomba zam'madzi: zonse zokhudza njira ndi malo opha nsomba

Zonse zokhudza njira zogwirira nsomba zam'madzi, nyambo, kuswana ndi malo okhala

Banja la nsomba zomwe zili ndi mibadwo iwiri, yokhala ndi mitundu isanu. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, mtundu umodzi umakhala wamtundu wa eel catfish, ndipo zinayi zotsalazo zimaphatikizidwa mumtundu wachiwiri. Mbalame zonse zimakhala m'madzi ozizira komanso ozizira a kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi. Nsomba zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe achilendo: mutu waukulu, nsagwada zamphamvu zokhala ndi mano akulu, thupi lalitali lokhala ndi zipsepse zooneka ngati chisa. Nsombayi imatchedwa nkhandwe ya m'nyanja kapena nsomba - galu, izi zimachitika chifukwa chakuti mano akutsogolo amafanana ndi mano a nyama zolusa. Pa nthawi yomweyi, m'kamwa ndi kumbuyo kwa nsagwada muli mano a tuberculate, ofunikira kuti aphwanye ziwalo zolimba za matupi a ozunzidwa. Maonekedwe awa amagwirizana mwachindunji ndi moyo. Chakudya chachikulu cha nsomba zam'madzi ndi anthu okhala ndi benthic: molluscs, crustaceans, echinoderms. Kuphatikiza apo, nsomba zimatha kusaka nsomba kapena jellyfish. Mano amasinthidwa chaka chilichonse. Kukula kwa nsomba kumatha kupitirira 2 m kutalika ndi kulemera, pafupifupi 30 kg. Mbalamezi zimakhala ndi moyo wongokhala. M'chilimwe, amakhala pafupi ndi gombe pamiyala, komanso amakonda ndere za ndere, koma pofunafuna chakudya amatha kukhala pansi pamatope amchenga. Nthawi zambiri, nsomba zam'madzi zimatha kupezeka mozama mpaka 1500 m. M’chilimwe, nsombazi zimakhala pamalo osaya kwambiri, ndipo m’nyengo yozizira zimapitirira 500 m. Nsomba yam'madzi yomwe imagwidwa ndi msodzi wosadziwa kapena wosasamala imatha kuvulaza - nsombazo zimatsutsa kwambiri ndikuluma. Nthawi yomweyo, nsagwada zomwe zimaphwanya zipolopolo za mollusk zimatha kuvulaza kwambiri.

Njira zophera nsomba

Poganizira kuti nsomba imakhala pansi ndikuya kwambiri, njira yayikulu yopha nsomba ndi zida zapansi. Ndikoyenera kudziwa apa kuti nsomba zina zimatha kugwira nyambo zikagwira nsomba za cod kapena nsomba zina zomwe zimakhala m'dera lomwelo. Akamasodza kuchokera pansi, osodza amagwiritsira ntchito nsonga ndi siker yotsogolera, yomwe "amabala" pansi. Zadziwika kuti nsombazi zimakopeka ndi matepi ogontha komanso ofewa pamiyala. Izi mwina zimamukumbutsa za kayendedwe ka chakudya chachikulu. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, asodzi ena amayesa kudyetsa nsomba zam'madzi.

Kugwira nsomba zam'madzi pansi panyanja

Usodzi umachitika kuchokera ku mabwato a magulu osiyanasiyana pamtunda waukulu wa nyanja ya kumpoto. Pa usodzi wapansi, asodzi amagwiritsa ntchito kupota, ndodo za m'nyanja. Kwa zida, chofunikira kwambiri ndikudalirika. Ma reel ayenera kukhala ndi chingwe chophatikizira cha nsomba kapena chingwe. Kuphatikiza pa dongosolo lopanda vuto la braking, koyiloyo iyenera kutetezedwa kumadzi amchere. Usodzi wapansi kuchokera m'chombo ukhoza kusiyana ndi mfundo zokokera. M'mitundu yambiri ya usodzi wa m'nyanja, zida zothamangitsidwa mwachangu zitha kufunikira, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti magiya okwera pamakina omangirira. Malinga ndi mfundo yogwirira ntchito, ma coils amatha kukhala ochulutsa komanso opanda inertial. Chifukwa chake, ndodo zimasankhidwa malinga ndi dongosolo la reel. Mukawedza pansi pa nsomba zam'madzi, njira yopha nsomba ndiyofunika kwambiri. Kuti musankhe mawaya olondola, muyenera kufunsa ang'onoting'ono am'deralo kapena owongolera. Kugwiritsa ntchito zida zachitsulo monga jigsaw kapena zina ndizotheka, koma sizothandiza kuposa kugwiritsa ntchito zida. Pankhani ya usodzi ndikugunda pansi, zida zotere zimawonongeka mwachangu, ndipo koposa zonse, zimapanga phokoso lokulirapo kuposa lead, lomwe siliyenera kugwira nsomba zam'madzi. Pausodzi, zida zosiyanasiyana zokhala ndi zowongolera zowoneka bwino ndizoyenera: kuchokera ku "cheburashka" kupita ku "madontho" opindika, kulemera kokwanira kugwiritsidwa ntchito mozama kwambiri. Leash, nthawi zambiri, imamangiriridwa motsatizana ndipo imakhala ndi kutalika, nthawi zina mpaka 1m (nthawi zambiri 30-40 cm). Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa "retractable" leash ndikothekanso. Pofuna kupewa kusweka kwa zida kuchokera m'mano a nsomba, zida zamtundu wa monofilament (0.8mm) zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Chifukwa chake, mbedzazo ziyenera kusankhidwa mogwirizana ndi zomwe akufuna komanso mphamvu zokwanira. Ena amaona kuti ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zazitali za shank ndi mbedza. Zojambula zambiri zimaperekedwa ndi mikanda yowonjezera kapena ma octopus osiyanasiyana ndi zinthu zina. Ndikoyenera kudziwa apa kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zida zosiyanasiyana kumawonjezera kusinthasintha komanso kumasuka kwa zida, koma kumafuna kusamala kwambiri ndi kudalirika kwa zida. Ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zapamwamba zokha, apo ayi "mwadzidzidzi" kutayika kwa zikho kumatha kuchitika. Mfundo ya usodzi ndiyosavuta, ikatsitsa choyikapo choyimirira mpaka kuzama kodziwikiratu, wowotchera amapangira zingwe zapang'onopang'ono, molingana ndi mfundo yowunikira molunjika. Pankhani ya kuluma kogwira, izi, nthawi zina, sizofunika. "Kutera" kwa nsomba pa mbedza kumatha kuchitika potsitsa zida kapena kuchokera kumtunda kwa chombo.

Nyambo

Pogwira nsomba zam'madzi, nyambo zosiyanasiyana zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, zonse zopanga komanso zachilengedwe. Kwa nyambo pazitsulo za mbedza, zotsanzira za silicone, kudula kwa nsomba zam'deralo kapena nkhono zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Musanasodze osaphunzira, funsani otsogolera kapena odziwa bwino nsomba za kakomedwe ka nsomba zam'deralo. Nthawi zina, zakudya zomwe amakonda kapena zida zina zimatha. Zosankha za usodzi zimadziwika pamene asodzi amagwiritsa ntchito mollusks wophwanyidwa kuti akope nsomba.

Malo ausodzi ndi malo okhala

Monga tanenera kale, nsomba zam'madzi zimakhala m'nyanja zomwe zimakhala ndi madzi ozizira komanso ozizira akutali ndi kumpoto. Nsombazi zimapezeka m'nyanja za Arctic, Pacific ndi Atlantic, kuphatikizapo nyanja za Baltic, White ndi Barents.

Kuswana

Madeti oswana amphaka amadalira dera lomwe akukhala komanso mitundu yamoyo. Iwo akhoza kukhala, onse mu autumn - yozizira, ndi masika. Catfish caviar ili pansi, nsomba zimabala mu zisa, zomwe amuna amaziteteza, pamene amatha kumenyana ndi aliyense amene akuyandikira. Mphutsi zimakula kwa nthawi yayitali, makamaka nthawi yachisanu. Nsomba zazing'ono zimayamba kukhala m'madzi, zimadya plankton. Atafika kukula kwa 5-8 cm, amasamukira kumunsi.

Siyani Mumakonda