Zamkatimu
Mackerel ndi banja lalikulu, lodzipatula la nsomba zam'madzi zomwe zimakhala ngati perch. Banja lonse lili m'gulu la 15, momwe muli mitundu pafupifupi 40. Musanayambe kufotokoza za chikhalidwe cha banja ndi nsomba zotchuka kwambiri, ndiyenera kudziwa kuti pali mitundu ingapo ya nsomba, zomwe zimafotokozedwa m'nkhani zina, zosiyana. Zambiri ndi zikho zabwino kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri anthu amapita tsidya lina la Dziko lapansi chifukwa chopha nsomba panyanja. Pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa nsomba zina za banja, koma chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa mitundu yapakati, zimagwirizanitsidwa kukhala banja limodzi. Nkhaniyi ikupereka mawonekedwe ndi njira zopha nsomba zamitundu ingapo yofananira, yomwe imatchedwa mackerel. Amakhala m'malo osiyanasiyana, koma madera ogawa amatha kupindika. Gulu la mackerel nthawi zambiri limaphatikizapo mitundu iwiri yogwirizana kwambiri: mackerel otentha ndi enieni. Mackerel onse ali ndi mawonekedwe ozindikirika - ili ndi thupi la valky lomwe lili ndi peduncle yopapatiza, yokhazikika. Maonekedwe a matupi, zipsepse komanso kukhalapo kwa makeel zimasonyeza kuti nsomba zambiri zimakhala ndi luso losambira. Ndizodziwika kuti mu zamoyo zina kutentha kwa thupi kumakhala kokwera pang'ono kuposa chilengedwe. Mkamwa ndi wapakati, wokhala ndi mano ang'onoang'ono, kuphatikizapo a m'kamwa ndi vomer. Mitundu yambiri ya mackerel imakula mpaka 70 cm. Izi ndi nsomba za pelargic, zomwe sizigwirizana ndi pansi pa moyo wawo wonse.
Njira zopangira mackerel
Mitundu ya nsomba zamitundumitundu, kukula kwake ndi moyo wake zimatanthauza njira zosiyanasiyana zopha nsomba. Pafupifupi mackerel onse ndi mitundu yamalonda. Nsomba monga king mackerel, tuna ndi zamoyo zina zimagwidwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nsomba zam'madzi, monga trolling, spinning tackle yopha nsomba "plumb" ndi "cast", drifting ndi zina. Ndikoyenera kulongosolanso kuti nkhaniyi ikukamba za mitundu ya mackerel yaing'ono. Mackerel ang'onoang'ono, omwe amapezeka m'mphepete mwa nyanja ku Russia, monga bonito, amatha kugwidwa ndi mbedza zambiri pogwiritsa ntchito ndodo ndi "running rig" komanso ngakhale zosavuta zoyandama. Poganizira momwe mackerel amakhalira, nsomba zambiri zamtunduwu zimagwidwa pafupi ndi madzi. Kwa mafani a nsomba za ntchentche mackerel mackerel ndi chinthu chosangalatsa kwambiri chopha nsomba.
Kugwira mackerel popota
Posankha zida zophera nsomba pa ndodo yachikale yopota nsomba ya mackerel, ndikofunikira kutsatira mfundo ya "nyambo kukula + trophy size". Kuonjezera apo, chofunika kwambiri chiyenera kukhala njira - "panyanja" kapena "kusodza m'mphepete mwa nyanja". Zombo zapamadzi ndizosavuta kusodza, koma pakhoza kukhala malire apa. Mukagwira zapakatikati, zida zapamadzi "zambiri" sizifunikira. Ngakhale ndizofunika kudziwa kuti ngakhale nsomba zapakatikati zimakana kwambiri ndipo izi zimapereka chisangalalo chochuluka kwa asodzi. Mackerel amasungidwa kumtunda kwamadzi, chifukwa chake, kusodza ndi nyambo zapamwamba kumakhala kosangalatsa kwambiri pakupota ndodo zapamadzi: ma spinners, wobblers, ndi zina zotero. Ma reel ayenera kukhala ndi chingwe chabwino chophera nsomba kapena chingwe. Kuphatikiza pa dongosolo lopanda vuto la braking, koyiloyo iyenera kutetezedwa kumadzi amchere. Mumitundu yambiri ya zida zophera nsomba m'nyanja, mawaya othamanga kwambiri amafunikira, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kuchuluka kwa zida zomangira. Malinga ndi mfundo yogwirira ntchito, ma coils amatha kukhala ochulukitsa komanso opanda inertial. Chifukwa chake, ndodo zimasankhidwa kutengera dongosolo la reel. Kusankhidwa kwa ndodo ndizosiyana kwambiri, panthawiyi opanga amapereka "zosowa" zambiri zapadera pazochitika zosiyanasiyana za usodzi ndi mitundu ya nyambo. Mukawedza ndi nsomba zam'madzi zopota, njira yopha nsomba ndiyofunika kwambiri. Kuti musankhe mawaya olondola, m'pofunika kukaonana ndi odziwa anglers kapena owongolera.
Kuwedza mackerel pa "odzilungamitsa"
Kusodza kwa "wankhanza", ngakhale dzinalo, lomwe mwachiwonekere limachokera ku Russia, ndilofala kwambiri ndipo likugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi asodzi padziko lonse lapansi. Pali kusiyana pang'ono kwa zigawo, koma mfundo ya usodzi ndi yofanana kulikonse. Komanso, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa ma rigs kumakhudzana ndi kukula kwa nyama. Poyamba, kugwiritsa ntchito ndodo zilizonse sikunaperekedwe. Chingwe china chimakulungidwa pa chowongolero cha mawonekedwe osasunthika, kutengera kuya kwa usodzi, ukhoza kukhala mpaka mazana angapo mita. Sink yokhala ndi kulemera koyenera mpaka 400 g imakhazikika kumapeto, nthawi zina ndi loop pansi kuti muteteze chingwe chowonjezera. Leashes amakhazikika pa chingwe, nthawi zambiri, pafupifupi 10-15 zidutswa. Leashes ikhoza kupangidwa ndi zipangizo, malingana ndi zomwe akufuna kugwira. Zitha kukhala monofilament kapena zitsulo zotsogola kapena waya. Ziyenera kufotokozedwa kuti nsomba zam'nyanja ndizochepa "zotsika" ku makulidwe a zida, kotero mutha kugwiritsa ntchito monofilaments wandiweyani (0.5-0.6 mm). Pankhani ya zida zachitsulo, makamaka mbedza, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti ziyenera kuphimbidwa ndi anti-corrosion, chifukwa madzi a m'nyanja amawononga zitsulo mwachangu kwambiri. Mu mtundu wa "classic", "wankhanza" ali ndi nyambo, zokhala ndi nthenga zamitundu, ulusi waubweya kapena zidutswa zazinthu zopangidwa. Kuphatikiza apo, ma spinners ang'onoang'ono, kuphatikiza mikanda yokhazikika, mikanda, ndi zina zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusodza. M'matembenuzidwe amakono, pogwirizanitsa zigawo za zipangizo, zozungulira zosiyanasiyana, mphete, ndi zina zotero zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Izi zimawonjezera kusinthasintha kwazomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, koma zimatha kuwononga kulimba kwake. Ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito zida zodalirika, zokwera mtengo. Pazombo zapadera zopha nsomba pa "wolamulira wankhanza", zida zapadera zapabodi zopangira zida zowongolera zitha kuperekedwa. Izi ndizothandiza kwambiri popha nsomba mozama kwambiri. Ngati kusodza kumachitika kuchokera ku ayezi kapena bwato, pamizere yaying'ono, ndiye kuti ma reel wamba ndi okwanira, omwe amatha kukhala ngati ndodo zazifupi. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito ndodo zam'mbali zokhala ndi mphete zolowera kapena ndodo zazifupi zopota zamadzi amchere, vuto limadza pazingwe zonse zokhala ndi mbedza zambiri pomwe zida zimatuluka posewera nsomba. Mukagwira nsomba zing'onozing'ono, vutoli limathetsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito ndodo zokhala ndi mphete zotalika mamita 6-7, ndipo pogwira nsomba zazikulu, kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha "ntchito" ya leashes. Mulimonsemo, pokonzekera nsomba, leitmotif yaikulu iyenera kukhala yosavuta komanso yosavuta panthawi ya nsomba. "Samodur" imatchedwanso zida za mbedza zambiri pogwiritsa ntchito nozzle yachilengedwe. Mfundo ya usodzi ndiyosavuta: ikatsitsa choyikirapo kuti chikhale choyimirira mpaka kuzama kodziwiratu, wowotcherayo amapanga zingwe zapang'onopang'ono, molingana ndi mfundo yowunikira molunjika. Pankhani ya kuluma kogwira, izi, nthawi zina, sizofunika. "Kutera" kwa nsomba pa mbedza kumatha kuchitika potsitsa zida kapena kuchokera kumtunda kwa chombo.
Nyambo
Mitundu yambiri ya mackerel imakhala yowononga kwambiri, ngakhale si zilombo zazikulu. Nyambo zosiyanasiyana zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popha nsomba, makamaka mawobblers, spinners, zotsatsira za silicone zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popota nsomba. Kuchokera ku nyambo zachilengedwe, kudula kwa nsomba ndi nyama ya nkhono, crustaceans ndi zina zotero zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Usodzi wokhala ndi zida za mbedza zambiri nthawi zambiri umaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito "zanzeru" zosavuta kuchokera kuzinthu zopangidwa bwino. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito zida zophera ntchentche, gulu lankhondo lalikulu la ntchentche ndi mitsinje yaying'ono ndi yapakati imagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Malo ausodzi ndi malo okhala
Monga tanenera kale, pali nsomba zambiri ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana m'banja. Mosasamala kanthu za izi, komanso kuchokera ku mayina am'deralo, m'mabuku a sayansi, mitundu yambiri ya zamoyo imatchedwa mackerel ndi chisonyezero cha kumanga chigawo, mwachitsanzo, makerele aku Japan, mackerel a Atlantic, ndi zina zotero. Kusiyanasiyana kwakukulu kumawonedwa m'madzi otentha a madera otentha ndi otentha a Nyanja Yadziko Lonse. Koma, mwachitsanzo, mackerel a Atlantic amakhala m'madzi ozizira a Nyanja ya Mediterranean ndi Black Sea, etc. Komanso, malo ogawa nsombazi amafika kumpoto ndi nyanja ya Baltic.
Kuswana
Nthawi yoberekera mackerel imatha kusiyana kwambiri osati m'chigawo chokha, komanso kutengera chilengedwe. Anthu akumpoto amadziŵika ndi nyengo ya masika-chilimwe. Kuphatikiza apo, malinga ndi nyengo ya chaka china, nsomba zimatha kusamukira kumadera okhala ndi mafunde ofunda. Kukazizira, sinthani mpaka kuya kwambiri. Monga tafotokozera kale, nsomba sizikhala "zomangidwa pansi", choncho njira zonse zamoyo zimadalira kutentha kwa madzi, kuphatikizapo mafunde a m'nyanja zomwe zimakhalapo. M'mphepete mwa nyanja, nsomba imabwera mu nthawi isanabadwe ndi kubereka, pofuna kunenepa, monga m'madera a m'nyanja omwe mumakhala mitundu yambiri ya zinyama. Mackerel amakula msinkhu ali ndi zaka 2-4. Mwa mitundu ina, zazikazi zimatha kuswana kawiri pachaka, zomwe zimalola kuti zamoyozo zikhalebe zazikulu mokwanira.