Kugwira Nelma popota: zopha nsomba zouluka ndi malo opha nsomba

Momwe mungagwire nelma (salmon yoyera): njira zophera nsomba, njira, malo okhala ndi nyambo

Mayina apawiri a nsomba amagwirizanitsidwa ndi malo okhala. Nelma ndi mtundu wa nsomba zomwe zimakhala m'nyanja ya Arctic, nsomba zoyera - nsomba zomwe zimakhala m'nyanja ya Caspian. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwake, pakhoza kukhala kusiyana pakati pa kukhalapo ndi biology. Mitundu yakumwera imakula mwachangu. Nelma imatha kufika 40 kg, whitefish imadziwika ndi kukula kwake kocheperako pafupifupi 20 kg. Poyerekeza ndi nsomba zina zoyera, zimakula msanga. Malinga ndi moyo, nsomba ndi za semi-anadromous mitundu.

Njira zogwirira nsomba zoyera

Kusaka nsombazi kumatha kusiyana m'madera osiyanasiyana, potengera zida ndi nyengo ya usodzi. Nsomba zoyera-Nelma zimagwidwa ndi zida zosiyanasiyana, koma mitundu ya anthu osachita masewerawa imaphatikizapo kupota, kusodza ntchentche, ndodo yoyandama, kupondaponda kapena njanji.

Kugwira nsomba yoyera ya nelma popota

Nelma yopha nsomba m'mitsinje ya ku Siberia ingafunike luso komanso kuleza mtima. Onse odziwa kupha nsomba amanena kuti ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwa malo osodza. Kuphatikiza apo, nsombazi zimasamala kwambiri komanso zimasankha nyambo. Monga nthawi zonse, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti kugwira nsomba zazikulu kumafuna zida zodalirika. Mukawedza nelma, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito nyambo zina zokha. Nelma - nsomba zoyera zimadyetsa nsomba zazing'ono, zowomba ndi zopota ziyenera kukhala zazing'ono. Chifukwa chake, kuyezetsa kozungulira kuyenera kufanana ndi nyambo, makamaka mpaka 10-15 magalamu. Ndi bwino kusankha njira yapakati kapena yapakati-yachangu ya ndodo, zomwe zikutanthawuza kuponyedwa kwautali komanso kusewera bwino kwa nsomba zamoyo. Kutalika kwa ndodoyo kuyenera kugwirizana kwathunthu ndi kukula kwa mtsinje ndi momwe nsomba zimakhalira.

Kupha nsomba za nelma

Nelma amayankha bwino poulutsa nyambo za usodzi. Kwenikweni, awa ndi anthu ang'onoang'ono. Kusankhidwa kwa zida kumadalira wowotchera, koma ndi bwino kuganizira kuti zotsatira zabwino zogwira nelma zidzakhala ndi asodzi a ntchentche omwe amatha kupanga maulendo aatali. Gulu la Gear 5-6 likhoza kuonedwa ngati labwino. Mwina kugwiritsa ntchito zingwe zazitali zokhala ndi ulaliki wovuta kwambiri.

Kugwira nelma - nsomba yoyera pa zida zina

Zitsanzo zazikulu za nsomba zoyera zimayankha bwino ku nyambo zachilengedwe, makamaka nyambo zamoyo ndi nyambo zakufa. Pachifukwa ichi, ndodo zopota kapena "kuponya kwautali" ndi zabwino kwambiri. Panthawi ina, nsomba imaluma bwino pa zida zoyandama ndi nyambo yopangidwa ndi nyongolotsi, gulu la mphutsi zamagazi kapena mphutsi. Ndipo komabe, pamasewera a nsomba zazikulu za Caspian whitefish, kugwiritsa ntchito nyambo yamoyo kapena kuthana ndi nsomba kumatha kuonedwa ngati njira yokopa kwambiri.

Nyambo

Kwa kusodza kozungulira, nyambo zopota zolemera magalamu 7-14, ndi petal No. 3-4 mu gulu la Blue Fox kapena Mepps, zidzakhala zabwino kwambiri. Monga lamulo, ma spinningists amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu ya spinners, yofanana ndi mtundu wa nsomba zomwe zimakhala mumtsinje. Nyambo zoyenera kukula kwa invertebrates zam'deralo, ntchentche zowuma ndi nymphs, ndizoyenera kusodza ntchentche. Zakudya za nelma yapakatikati - nsomba zoyera ndizofanana ndi nsomba zina zoyera, kotero kuti nsomba zokhala ndi nyambo zazing'ono zophera ntchentche ndizofunikira kwambiri.

Malo ausodzi ndi malo okhala

Nelma amakhala m'mitsinje yopita ku Arctic Ocean kuchokera ku White Sea kupita ku Anadyr. Kumpoto kwa America, amapezeka mpaka mitsinje ya Mackenzie ndi Yukon. M'nyanja ndi m'madziwe amatha kupanga mawonekedwe osakhazikika. Caspian whitefish amalowa m'mitsinje ya Volga mpaka ku Urals. Nthawi zina nsomba zoyera zimaswana mumtsinje wa Terek.

Kuswana

Mawonekedwe a Caspian - nsomba zoyera zimakhwima kale, ali ndi zaka 4-6. Nsomba zimayamba kukwera kuchokera ku Caspian kumapeto kwa chilimwe. Kufesa mu October-November. Chifukwa chakuti zinthu za hydrographic pafupi ndi Volga zasintha, malo obereketsa a nsomba yoyera asintha. Malo oberekera nsomba amakonzedwa pamchenga - pansi pamiyala pamalo pomwe akasupe amatuluka ndi kutentha kwa madzi 2-4.0C. Fecundity ya nsomba ndi yapamwamba, pa moyo wake nsomba zoyera zimabala kangapo, koma osati chaka chilichonse. Nelma amasiyana chifukwa amakhwima ndi zaka 8-10 zokha. Nsomba zimayamba kukwera m’mitsinje madzi oundanawo akangosefukira. Kubzala mbewu kumachitika mu Seputembala. Komanso nsomba yoyera ya Caspian, nelma simabala chaka chilichonse. Nelma nthawi zambiri amapanga mafomu okhalamo omwe samapita kunyanja kukanenepa. 

Siyani Mumakonda