Zamkatimu
Kufotokozera
Koko (lat. koko theobroma - chakudya cha milungu) ndi chakumwa chotsitsimula komanso chokometsera chopanda moŵa chotengera mkaka kapena madzi, ufa wa koko, ndi shuga.
Koka ufa wopangira zakumwa kwa nthawi yoyamba (zaka 3,000 zapitazo) anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito mafuko akale a Aaziteki. Mwayi womwa chakumwacho unali ndi amuna ndi asing'anga okha. Nyemba za koko zakupsa adaziphwanya kukhala ufa ndikuzipanga m'madzi ozizira. Kumeneko anathiranso tsabola wotentha, vanila, ndi zokometsera zina.
Mu 1527, chakumwacho chinalowa m'dziko lamakono chifukwa cha atsamunda aku Spain ku South America. Kuchokera ku Spain, koko adayamba mwezi wa Marichi ku Europe, akusintha ukadaulo wokonzekera komanso wopanga. Malangizowo adachotsa tsabola ndikuwonjezera uchi ku Spain, ndipo anthu adayamba kutenthetsa chakumwacho. Ku Italy, idakhala yotchuka kwambiri, ndipo anthu adayamba kupanga chokoleti chamakono. Anthu a ku England anali oyamba kuwonjezera pa chakumwacho mkaka, ndikuupaka mofewa komanso momasuka. M'zaka za 15-17 ku Ulaya, kumwa koko kunali chizindikiro cha ulemu ndi chitukuko.
Pali maphikidwe atatu achikale a zakumwa za koko:
- anasungunuka mkaka ndi kukwapulidwa kwa thovu ndi bala la chokoleti chamdima;
- chakumwa chomwedwa ndi mkaka ndi ufa wowuma wa koko, shuga, ndi vanila;
- kuchepetsedwa m'madzi kapena mkaka pompo koko ufa.
Mukamapanga chokoleti yotentha, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mkaka watsopano. Mukapanda kutero, mkakawo udzagundana, ndipo chakumwa chidzawonongeka.
Сocoa phindu
Chifukwa cha kusiyana kwakukulu kwa kufufuza zinthu (calcium, magnesium, iron, potaziyamu, mkuwa, zinki, manganese), mavitamini (B1-B3, A, E, C), ndi mankhwala othandiza, koko ali ndi zinthu zambiri zabwino. Monga:
- magnesium imathandizira kuthana ndi kupsinjika, kuthetsa mavuto, kupumula minofu;
- chitsulo chimalimbitsa ntchito yopanga magazi;
- calcium imalimbitsa mafupa ndi mano m'thupi;
- anandamide imathandizira kupanga ma endorphin, mankhwala achilengedwe, motero amatulutsa malingaliro;
- feniletilamin amalola thupi kupirira zolimbitsa thupi mosavuta ndipo mwamsanga kubwezeretsa mphamvu;
- bioflavonoids amateteza kupezeka ndi kukula kwa zotupa za khansa.
Zothandiza antioxidant flavanol mu nyemba za koko zimasunga mu ufa ndipo, motsatana, mu chakumwa. Kukhazikika kwa thupi kumapangitsa chidwi cha insulin mu matenda a shuga, kumadyetsa ubongo, komanso kumalimbikitsa zochitika zamitsempha yamtima. Cocoa imakhalanso ndi mankhwala osowa kwambiri, epicatechin, omwe amachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi, amachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi komanso kukumbukira kwakanthawi.
Pakukalamba, kumwa zakumwa za cocoa tsiku ndi tsiku kumalepheretsa kukumbukira kukumbukira ndikuwonjezera kuthekera kosintha chidwi.
Monga zodzoladzola
Koko wopanda shuga ndiyabwino ngati njira yosamalira nkhope ndi khosi. Dipp mu chofunda chakumwa chofunda ndikuzigwiritsa ntchito kwa mphindi 30. Chigoba ichi chimafewetsa mizere yabwino, chimapangitsa kuti khungu likhale lolimba komanso kamvekedwe, khungu limawoneka ngati laling'ono kwambiri.
Kwa tsitsi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito chakumwa chokhazikika cha cocoa ndi khofi wowonjezera. Muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito kutalika kwa tsitsi kwa mphindi 15-20. Izi zidzapanga zotsatira za shading ku mtundu wa bulauni wa chestnut ndikupatsa tsitsi Kuwala bwino.
Akatswiri ena azakudya amalimbikitsa kuti anthu omwe akufuna kuchepetsa thupi azigwiritsa ntchito koko popanda shuga ndi zonona.
Ndikofunikira kumwa cocoa wotentha kwa ana azaka ziwiri kuchokera pa Chakudya cham'mawa. Idzawapatsa mphamvu kuti akhale otakataka tsiku lonse.
Kuopsa kwa koko ndi zotsutsana
Choyamba, zingathandize ngati simunamwe koko mukusalolera kumwa mowa, kwa ana osakwana zaka 2, anthu omwe ali ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi am'mimba.
Tannins mu cocoa, pakumwa mopitirira muyeso, zimatha kubweretsa kudzimbidwa.
Ndi chisangalalo chowonjezeka cha machitidwe amtima ndi amanjenje, muyenera kukhala osamala ndi koko chifukwa zimakhala zolimbikitsa.
Komanso, zingakhale bwino ngati simumamwa koko usiku - zimatha kubweretsa kusowa tulo komanso kusokonezeka tulo. Pomaliza, Kwa anthu omwe amakonda migraines amapezeka mu zinthu za cocoa monga theobromine, phenylethylamine, ndi caffeine zimatha kupweteketsa mutu ndikusanza.
Zothandiza komanso zoopsa zakumwa zina: