Zamkatimu
Nsodzi: mfundo zothandiza kwa msodzi
Nsomba za mtsinje (zamadzi ozizira) zomwe zimapezeka ku Ulaya ndi Russia, zimaphatikizapo mitundu ingapo. Onsewa ndi oimira gulu la decapods. Zinyama zimakhala ndi chophimba cha chitinous chomwe chimakhala ngati mafupa akunja. Maonekedwe a crayfish amadziwika bwino, monga lamulo, mtunduwo uli ndi mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira, womwe umapangitsa kuti ukhale wosawoneka kumbuyo kwa pansi. Nsomba za nkhanu zimakonda matupi amadzi okhala ndi kusinthanitsa kwabwino kwa okosijeni, ngati amakhala osasunthika kapena oyenda pang'onopang'ono, makamaka kumadera akumwera, amatsatira malo omwe madzi apansi amatuluka. Amakhala mozama kwambiri, pansi pa zovuta kapena pangozi amabisala m'maenje okumba kapena pansi pa miyala, ndi zina zotero. Amakonda madzulo ndi moyo wausiku. Zomera zimapanga 90% ya chakudya chawo; amadya nyama ndi zovunda nthawi ndi nthawi. Lingaliro la fungo limakula kwambiri. Sangatchulidwe kuti nyama zokonda kuzizira, koma zimakhala zokangalika m'nyengo yozizira. Amasuntha mutu poyamba, koma amasambira chammbuyo. Kukula kwakukulu kwa mitundu yonse kumayambira 20-30 cm. Nsomba za crayfish zimagwidwa ndi mliri, mliri wa crayfish, kotero kuti kugawidwa kungakhale kwapakatikati kapena kosowa, koma m'madzi ena muli ambiri mwa iwo kotero kuti akhoza kuopseza zamoyo zina. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti m'madera ambiri a Russia, kuchotsa madzi amchere a crustaceans kumayendetsedwa ndi lamulo kapena koletsedwa. Musanagwire nkhanu, fufuzani malamulo okolola nyamayi.
Njira zogwirira nkhanu
Ngakhale pali mavuto ndi matenda ndi miliri, nkhanu zimatha kukhala chinthu chabwino kwambiri chopha nsomba, koma nthawi zambiri amakhala "mnzake woyipa" wa asodzi, amachotsa nyambo ku mbedza, amadya nyambo, ngakhale kugwiritsa ntchito ma bolies olimba sikuthandiza. M'nyengo yozizira, nsomba za ayezi, zimatha kukumana osati pa mormyshkas, komanso pa spinners ndi balancers. Koma samapha nsomba zam'madzi ndi ndodo. Njira yodziwika kwambiri yokolola nkhanu ndi nkhanu ndi maukonde. Kuchokera ku njira zakale, mukhoza kutchula nyamayo mothandizidwa ndi "mkondo" - ndodo yayitali, yomwe ili ndi mbali yolunjika yomwe imagawanika ndi kuphwanyidwa. M'madzi osaya, usiku, nkhanu zimatha kusonkhanitsidwa ndi manja. Izi zidzafuna tochi. Ngati nkhanu zimapezeka m'mitsinje yaing'ono kapena mitsinje, ndiye kuti mukhoza kuwasonkhanitsa masana pansi pa miyala ndi nsabwe. Iyi ndi ntchito yosangalatsa, koma "yowopsa". Kuphatikiza apo, nsomba za nkhanu zimakumbidwa mozama pogwiritsa ntchito chigoba komanso snorkel. Njira ina yosangalatsa yopha nsomba za crayfish ndikutchula "kusodza kwa boot". Nyambo imayalidwa mu nsapato, ndipo imamira pansi mothandizidwa ndi chingwe. Zimatuluka pakapita kanthawi. Nsomba za nkhanu ziyenera kukwawira mu bootleg ndipo zimatengedwa ndi mlenje.
Nyambo
Mukawedza mothandizidwa ndi nkhanu zosiyanasiyana, nyambo imafunika. Nyama iliyonse, matumbo a nyama, kapena nsomba yowola ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pa izi.
Malo ausodzi ndi malo okhala
Ambiri a Chitaganya cha Russia, kuphatikizapo Siberia, ali ndi nkhanu zala zopapatiza. Nsomba zazikuluzikulu za nkhanu, ku Russia, zimakhala ndi mitundu yaying'ono, makamaka m'mphepete mwa mtsinje wa Baltic Sea. Nsombazi sizidutsana ndi malo okhala, koma nkhanu zopapatiza zimalanda madera ambiri. Kugawidwa kwakukulu kwa crayfish yopapatiza kumagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusintha kwabwino kwa mitundu. Mwinamwake, nkhanu zala zopapatiza zimakhala m'madera kumene nkhanu zala zazikuluzikulu zinasowa chifukwa cha mliri. Amakhulupirira kuti m'mbuyomu, zala zopapatiza zidagawidwa kuchokera ku Nyanja ya Caspian. Ku Ulaya, malo omwe amagawira nsomba zam'madzi zazikulu adagwidwa ndi zamoyo zina, zowononga - American signal crayfish. Pa gawo la Russia, izo anapezeka mu dera Kaliningrad. Kum'mawa kwa Far East, m'chigwa cha mtsinje wa Amur, mumakhala mtundu wina wa nsomba za crayfish (mtundu wa Cambaroides).
Kuswana
Nsomba za Crayfish zimakhwima pazaka za 3-4. Feteleza mu nsomba za crayfish ndi zamkati, chifukwa cha kapangidwe ka thupi komanso nkhanza za amuna, zinthu zingapo ziyenera kukumana kuti zibereke bwino. Choyamba, mwamuna ayenera kukhala wamkulu kuposa wamkazi, apo ayi wamkazi akhoza kuthawa. Akazi amawopa amuna ndipo amapewa kuyanjana nawo, kotero amuna amachita mwaukali kwambiri ndipo amatha kumenya akazi kwambiri. Amuna akuluakulu amatsagana kangapo, pambuyo pa ubwamuna angapo, yaimuna, chifukwa cha njala, imatha kudya mkazi womaliza. Pambuyo pa makwerero, zazikazi sizingasiye ming'oma kapena malo awo ogona kwa nthawi yaitali, kuopa amuna, zomwe zimasokoneza mpweya wa mazira, ndipo zimatha kufa. Patangotha milungu itatu pambuyo pa umuna wopambana, kuswana kumachitika. Mazirawa amamangiriridwa ku ma prolegs a yaikazi ndipo amakhala pamenepo mpaka mphutsi zitaswa. Moyo wodziyimira pawokha wa mphutsi umayamba pakadutsa miyezi iwiri.