Zamkatimu
Ntchito ya pike imakhudzidwa ndi momwe kuwala kumalowera m'madzi mozama. Pofufuza nyama, chilombochi chimagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ziwiri - masomphenya ndi mzere wotsatira. M'nyengo yozizira, madziwo amakhala ozizira ndipo amakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri. Oscillations ndi mafunde zimafalikira mmenemo mosiyana ndi kutentha. Poyerekeza ndi chilimwe, amayandikira nyambo osati patali kwambiri, zomwe zimasonyeza kuti mtunda wawo wofalitsa umakhala wamfupi.
Pike ntchito mu February
Malingana ndi nyengo, mkhalidwe wa ayezi, makhalidwe a nkhokwe, akhoza kuchita mosiyana; nsomba za pike mu February zimabweretsanso zotsatira zosiyana. Komabe, nthawi zambiri February amagawidwa m'magulu awiri - chiyambi ndi pakati pa mwezi ndi mapeto a February.
Chiyambi cha mwezi
Ntchito ya pike imakhudzidwa ndi momwe kuwala kumalowera m'madzi mozama. Pofufuza nyama, chilombochi chimagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ziwiri - masomphenya ndi mzere wotsatira. M'nyengo yozizira, madziwo amakhala ozizira ndipo amakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri. Oscillations ndi mafunde zimafalikira mmenemo mosiyana ndi kutentha. Poyerekeza ndi chilimwe, amayandikira nyambo osati patali kwambiri, zomwe zimasonyeza kuti mtunda wawo wofalitsa umakhala wamfupi.
Masomphenya ndiye chiwalo chachikulu cha pike pofufuza nyama. Chilombo ichi chimayima mobisalira kapena chimayenda pang'onopang'ono m'mphepete mwamadzi, ndipo chikaona nsomba, imayima, imayesa mtunda, womwe umafunika kuwona nyamayo ndi maso awiri, ndipo imapanga kuponya kwakufupi komanso mofulumira kwambiri. mtunda wosaposa mamita awiri kapena atatu. Pankhani ya liwiro la kuponya, ndiye ngwazi, ngati izo zachitika molondola, ndiye kuti wozunzidwayo alibe mwayi wopewa kulumidwa ndi adani.
Chipululu nthawi zambiri chimachitika ndi chipale chofewa cholemera, chomwe chimapangidwa ndi chipale chofewa pa ayezi, pali madzi pansi pa chisanu. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, cheza cha dzuŵa sichimagwa mu ayezi, ngakhale m’nyengo yochepa chabe ya tsiku lachilimwe.
Inde, ndipo dzuŵa limawala pamwamba pa madzi, kuwala kwake sikudutsa mu ayezi, koma kumayandama pamwamba pa chipale chofewa ndipo kumawonekera. Choncho, pike panthawiyi imakhala ndi vuto lalikulu popeza nyama.
Mu February, ayezi nthawi zambiri amakhala owuma, palibe matalala ambiri, palinso "madontho a dazi", makamaka m'nyanja zazikulu, kumene amawombera. Dzuwa ndi lalitali kwambiri kuposa mu Januwale. Izi zimapereka kuwala bwino pansi pa ayezi. Pambuyo pa madzulo a Januwale, pike imadzutsa chilakolako ndi mwayi wosaka.
Panthawi imodzimodziyo, simuyenera kudalira mtundu wina wa kuluma koopsa. Zima ndi nthawi yochepetsera mphamvu. Choncho, pike nthawi zambiri amasaka, atayima mobisalira, ndipo amangomva nyambo yokondweretsa kwambiri, yomwe kuponyera sikufuna mayendedwe owonjezera.
Kumapeto kwa February
Kumapeto kwa February, ayezi amayamba kusungunuka, madzi osungunuka amanyamula mpweya wambiri. Zomera zimayamba kupereka mpweya m'madzi chifukwa cha photosynthesis, ndipo panthawiyi nsomba zimakhala zogwira ntchito, makamaka pakati pa masana. Komanso, kucha caviar ndi mkaka kuonjezera m`thupi maziko a nsomba, ntchito yake. Kumapeto kwa mwezi, mutha kudalira kale nsomba zabwino.
Ndikwabwino kwambiri kugwira pike yapakatikati, yotchedwa icefish. Nsomba imeneyi imathamangira ku nyambo yochita kupanga ndikukhala nyambo mwadyera. Kupatula apo, amayamba kubala, ndipo mahomoni ake amagwira ntchito molimbika kwambiri. Pike yaying'ono ndi yokoma, kuwagwira ndikosangalatsa! Komabe, muyenera kukumbukira za kukula kochepa komwe kumaloledwa pogwira nsomba.
Pike zazikulu sizigwira ntchito panthawiyi. Koma kuposa mu Januwale chipululu. Kuunikira bwino kumamuthandiza kusaka, komanso kuti magulu azinthu zazing'ono amakhala okangalika, amakhala ndi mphamvu zothawa, zomwe zimamupangitsa kuti azithamangitsa nyama. M'malo ena, makamaka pamitsinje, ma polynyas amapanga, momwe mpweya umabweretsa mpweya wamtengo wapatali, ndipo yaikulu imatha kukhala pafupi nawo, m'mphepete mwa ayezi.
Malo opha nsomba
Ndizosatheka kupereka malingaliro apadziko lonse posankha malo osodza. Pali zinthu zingapo zofunika apa:
- Kukhalapo kwa malo ogona;
- Kukhalapo kwa mpweya m'madzi;
- Kuwoneka bwino;
- Kuchuluka kwa nsomba zazing'ono, zomwe zingalowe m'malo mwa pike;
- Kukhala chete kwachibale komanso kudzimva kuti ndinu otetezeka kuchokera kwa asodzi.
M'nyengo yozizira ya pansi pa ayezi, kuwoneka bwino kumakhala kozama mpaka mamita 4, ndipo ndi bwino kuyang'ana nyamayi m'madera osaya. Palibe zomveka kupha nsomba mozama kuposa 4-5 metres. M'madera akuya, nyambo yamoyo sayenera kumasulidwa kwathunthu pansi. Chowonadi ndi chakuti pike nthawi zambiri imayima pansi pakuya ndikuyang'ana nyama yomwe imasewera pamwamba. Zikuwonekera bwino pamenepo, makamaka chifukwa zimasonyeza kalembedwe kofanana ndi kusaka m'chilimwe, pamene imasaka kuchokera pansi kuchokera pansi pa malire a thermocline.
Oxygen imaperekedwa kumadzi nthawi ya masana ndi zomera zomwe zatha kale kufa pofika February ndipo zikuyamba ulendo wotsatira wa moyo, kukonzekera chilimwe. Algae wapachaka komanso osatha ndi malo abwino obisalamo komanso magwero a mpweya. Mkubwela kwa madzulo, pamene ayamba kale kuyamwa mpweya m'madzi, nyama yolusa imayesa kuchoka m'malo okulirapo.
Wowotchera ayenera choyamba kulabadira malo "amphamvu". Tchire, nsonga, milu yamadzi osefukira, matabwa, miyala pansi - zonsezi ndi malo ogona achilengedwe, omwe, ngati sathandiza nyamayo kubisala kwathunthu, imatha kutseka pang'ono. M'malo "amphamvu" oterowo, monga lamulo, zinthu zazing'ono ndizokwanira.
Komabe, pike amakonda nsomba zazikulu. Amatha kumeza ndi kugaya nyambo yamoyo yokwana theka la kulemera kwake, ndipo nyambo yamoyo ya gawo limodzi mwa magawo khumi ndi nyama yomwe amadya nthawi zonse. Chifukwa chake, sikofunikira konse kuti m'dera loyenera kusaka pike payenera kukhala pang'ono chabe, mwachangu. Nthawi zambiri, nyama yolusa imayandikira magulu akuluakulu a roach, silver bream, ngakhale bream. Nyambo yamoyo magalamu zana, yayikulu mokwanira, idzakhala chakudya cha nyama yolusa. Kukula uku ndikofala kwambiri m'nyengo yozizira ya February.
Kukhala chete ndi kukhala wosungika ndi chinthu chinanso chofunika kwambiri. Kugwira pike pamene mabowo akubowoledwa nthawi zonse ndizovuta. Ndi bwino kuchoka pamalo omwe ma girders amayikidwa, kuwadetsa ndi ufa ndi matalala, omwe amawonekeranso bwino kuchokera pansi. Ngati mutaponda mozungulira maenjewo, izi zidzapangitsa kuwala kochulukirapo pansi pa ayezi, ndipo nyama yolusa imapewa malo "okayikitsa" oterowo. Kukhala chete kuyenera kuwonedwa posewera nsomba.
Kusankha zida zherlitsy. Momwe mungapangire zherlitsa ndi manja anu.
Zherlitsa ndiye njira yayikulu komanso yodziwika bwino yogwirira pike m'nyengo yozizira. Mapangidwe abwino kwambiri a pike chute ndi achikhalidwe, okhala ndi mbale yozungulira yophimba dzenje ndi mbendera yowonetsera. Mapangidwe awa amalola kuti asagwiritse ntchito mitundu yonse ya zida, zosintha zosinthika, kusintha kukhudzika kwa zida, komanso kutsata kuluma.
Kutsata kuluma pa zherlitsa m'nyengo yozizira nsomba ndi imodzi mwa makiyi opambana. Pike amachita mosamala m'nyengo yozizira, kugwira nyama pang'onopang'ono. Atagwira nyambo yamoyoyo, amaifutukula mkamwa mwake ndi mchira wake kunja ndikuimeza kuchokera mmutu mwake. Amamezanso pang'onopang'ono, osati ngati m'chilimwe. Ali ndi nthawi yokwanira kuti amve mbeza, chingwe chawaya, kulavula ndi kulavula nyambo yamoyo. Chifukwa chake, wowotcherayo ayenera kuthamanga pakapita nthawi ndikudula. Pamenepa, nsomba sizidzatsika.
Komabe, mazenera omwe amapangidwira kuti azidzipangira okha nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Izi ndizosavuta kupanga nokha, pomwe mbendera zokhazikika ndizosavuta kugula. Katundu wosavuta kwambiri ndi ndodo yoyalidwa padzenjelo, pomwe amamangirirapo waya wochindikala ndiyeno chingwe chophera nsomba ndi zida za nyambo zamoyo. Waya amafunikira kuti dzenje likazizira, likhoza kutsukidwa ndi chosankha, chipewa kapena mpeni popanda kuopa kudula mzere.
Ponena za zida zopangira mpweya, ziyenera kunenedwa kuti ziyenera kukhala zosavuta momwe zingathere. Onetsetsani kuti muyike leash yomwe pike sangathe kuluma. Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito zosinthika zopangidwa ndi zinthu zotsogola, koma poyipa, mawaya wamba nawonso ndi oyenera. Chingwecho nthawi zambiri chimayikidwa m'ma teti awiri, akulu mokwanira kuti adutse chichereŵechereŵe ndi pakamwa pa pike. Kuchokera ku mbedza ziwiri, sangathe kuthyola nyambo popanda chilango, padzakhala nsomba zochepa komanso zoluma zopanda kanthu kusiyana ndi imodzi.
Ndi bwino kuika nsomba pamphepete mwa dorsal fin, anal fin, milomo, kupeŵa kuwonongeka kwa mafupa akuluakulu kapena ziwalo, koma m'njira yoti sangathe kung'ambika. Musagwiritse ntchito zida zomwe zimadutsa m'matumbo ndipo zimati sizikuvulaza nyambo yamoyo. Ndipotu nyambo yamoyoyo imakhala yochepa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi zipsepse zopachikidwa, chifukwa kuwonongeka kwa zipsepse za nsomba kumapweteka kwambiri kuposa kuwononga masiponji kapena zipsepse, ndipo kumalepheretsa kupuma.
Njira zina zophera nsomba
Kuwonjezera pa mpweya, pali njira zina zambiri zogwirira pike.
Pa nkhanu
Kwa gawo la ku Europe la Russia, njirayi ndi yachilendo. Komabe, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku Far East, ku Siberia. Nkhanu ndi nyambo yapadera ngati yolinganiza, koma yophwanyidwa pamwamba ndikukhala ndi mbedza zitatu kapena zinayi zopita mbali zosiyanasiyana. Masewera a nkhanu ndi odabwitsa kwambiri, amapitilirabe panjira. Amasodza pamalo osaya, mpaka mamita awiri, m'malo omwe madzi sathamanga kwambiri.
Pa balancer
Kupha nsomba ndi balancer ndizodziwika bwino kwa asodzi, kumachitika kunja komanso ku Russia. Pike balancer iyenera kusuntha kwambiri. Ngakhale m'madzi osaya, ma balancers akuluakulu amagwiritsidwa ntchito omwe amachokapo, kubwereranso mofulumira, ndipo ena amapanga maulendo awiri kapena atatu. Mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri a balancer ndi mutu wathyathyathya, monga "fin" kapena zofanana. Nthawi zambiri amaika balancer ndi mchira wachitsulo, chifukwa pike imatenga nyambo kwambiri ndikuluma mchira.
Chotsaliracho chiyenera kulowetsedwa kudzera pa clasp ndipo leash yolimba imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mzere wa nsomba umagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti mulowetse mosavuta pike mu dzenje.
Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuposa nsomba chifukwa nsombazi ndi zazitali. Ngati mzere wa nsomba uli wochepa thupi, ndiye kuti zidzakhala zovuta kuziyambitsa, komanso ngakhale ndi balancer yochuluka pakamwa, ndipo padzakhala misonkhano yambiri. Chingwe chomwe mumayenera kunyamula nthawi zonse, komanso ice screw 150 mm, chimakupulumutsani kuti musatsike.
Kuyenda pansi
Pakalipano, usodzi wa spinner sugwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri, chifukwa ponena za kugwiritsira ntchito bwino kwa pike, ma spinners ndi otsika poyerekeza ndi ma balancers, rattlins ndi nyambo zina zamakono. Komabe, ngati mukufuna "kukumbukira masiku akale", mukhoza kugwira makapu a chilimwe, kusewera nawo ngati glider spinners. Ma spinners "Storleg" ndi "Rapala" amadziwonetsera okha mwabwino kwambiri pamlingo uwu, ali ndi mphamvu yokoka pakati pa malo otsutsa, amasewera bwino mu kugwa ndipo samakonda kugonjetsa mzere wa nsomba akaponyedwa.
Kupha nsomba
Nsomba za pike ziyenera kukonzekera. Ngati apita ku zherlitsy, ndi bwino kugula zidendene zosachepera zisanu za nyambo za nyambo, kuti zithe kuikidwa nthawi yomweyo m'mawa. Kwa usodzi, ndikofunika kukhala ndi ayezi wamkulu, 150 kapena 130 mm wokhala ndi masamba ozungulira. Mipeni ya semicircular ndi yabwino kubwerezera dzenjelo ngati nsomba sizikulowamo. Lathyathyathya, ndipo mipeni yowonjezereka kwambiri imalimbana ndi izi.
Onetsetsani kuti mwabweretsa chikwama chopinda. Ndi bwino kumangiriza jekete kuti likhale pafupi nthawi zonse. Kuwonjezera pa ng'anjo, wowotcherayo ayenera kukhala ndi yawning ndi chopopera pafupi. Ndizovuta kuchotsa mbedza mkamwa mwa pike popanda kuvulaza mano. Mabala a pakamwa a pike ndi owopsa, madzi ali odzaza ndi matenda, mukhoza kutenga erysipelas pa dzanja lanu kapena kuipiraipira.
Mukachoka, muyenera kudziwa malo omwe chilombocho chingakhale. Ndi bwino kupha nsomba mozama kwambiri, mpaka mamita awiri. Ngati posungira sichidziwika bwino, ndiye kuti mpweyawo umayikidwa mokulirapo, kuwonjezera pa izi, amagwira chilombocho pa balancer, amapeza nyambo yamoyo yolowera. Ngati chosungiracho chikudziwika bwino, mpweyawo umayikidwa pamalo pomwe kuluma kunali. Nthawi zambiri amakhala pafupi ndi zinyalala mpaka kuya. Mlenjeyo amakonda kuima pang'ono, ndikudikirira kuti nsomba zichoke m'maso mwake. Onetsetsani kuti mwagwira snags, mitengo yamadzi osefukira kapena malo ena achilengedwe.
Njira yopha nsomba
Kwa zherlits, njira yopha nsomba ndiyosavuta kwambiri. Amayikidwa kuti akhale pamtunda wa mamita 5-6 kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake, ngati malo ndi pike, kapena pamtunda wa mamita 20-30, ngati akungofuna kudziwa ngati pali nsomba pano. Kenako amapita kukagwira pike pa balancer kapena nyambo, nsomba, moyo nyambo, koma m'njira kuti mpweya amakhalabe pamaso. Komabe, m'nyengo yozizira, kudina kuchokera pa mbendera kumamveka mtunda wa mita 50-70.
Ngati mukugwira pa balancer, ndiye m'pofunika kubowola mabowo pang'ono kupyola dambo, kuti nyamboyo imapachikidwa nthawi zonse m'malo owonekera a adani. Zimachitika kuti amasaka pamatebulo.
Masewerawa akuyamba kuchokera pamwamba pa dzenje, pang'onopang'ono kutsitsa balancer mpaka pansi, kenaka mukweze pamwamba. Pali kupuma motalika kwambiri. Ngati pambuyo pa 10-15 kuponyera kunalibe kuluma, simukusowa kudikira, muyenera kusintha dzenje. Mabowo nthawi zambiri amabowoledwa, mamita 5-6 aliwonse, popeza pike imayimilira nthawi imodzi, ndipo n'zosatheka kukopa gulu la pikes ku masewera nthawi yomweyo.
Zina
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti pike si nsomba yophunzira. Komabe, nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti pamakhala kulumidwa kangapo nthawi imodzi pamapaipi okhazikitsidwa kwambiri. Izi zimatchedwa "predator exit". Zoona zake n’zakuti nsomba imeneyi imatha kuima pamalo amodzi kwa nthawi yaitali osagwidwa. Ndipo mwadzidzidzi, panthawi ina, amasankha kusaka, ndipo zonse mwakamodzi. Zomwe zidayambitsa izi sizikudziwika bwino, koma ndi bwino kuzindikira nthawi yotulutsidwa ndi malo, m'tsogolomu zinthuzo zidzabwerezanso.
Njira zachitetezo
Kwa nsomba za pike, onetsetsani kuti mwatenga mpeni, yawn ndi chopopera, mbedza, ayodini ndi bandeji. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti pike kwambiri amameza nyambo. Ndizovuta kuzichotsa, kotero muyenera kudula chingwe cha usodzi ndi mpeni ndikuchichotsa kale kunyumba. Kuti nsomba zisavutike, ndi bwino kupha pike yonse yomwe inagwidwa pomenya chogwirira cha mpeni womwewo kumbuyo kwa mutu. Ndodo ya pike yogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi asodzi a ku Finnish inafotokozedwa ndi Sabaneev.
Bandeji ndi ayodini ndizofunikira pakudula mano a nyama yolusa, zida kapena kubowola. Kuyembekezera kuti magazi ochokera pachilonda chaching'ono mu ozizira adzasiya okha ndi kulakwitsa koopsa. Bandeji yolimba yokha yokhala ndi bandeji ingapulumutse apa. Wolembayo kamodzi anataya magazi ambiri, kudula chala chake pa tsamba la kubowola, pamene anatuluka chala chake kwa maola atatu, osaima mu chisanu kwambiri.
Kumapeto kwa February, polynyas amawonekera pa ayezi. Mvula ikadzagwa, madzi oundana amakhala ochepa kwambiri. Mukawedza, onetsetsani kuti mwatenga oteteza anthu. Chipangizo chophwekachi chidzathandiza wolephera kupha nsomba popanda kuthandizidwa, amalemera pang'ono ndipo amatenga pafupifupi danga m'chikwama. Ndi bwino kupita limodzi kukapha nsomba ndi kutenga chingwe kuti muthandize mnzanu.