Zamkatimu
Komwe mungagwire omul, ndi nyambo ziti ndi zogwirira zomwe zili zoyenera kusodza
Omul amatanthauza semi- through whitefish. Omul wazunguliridwa ndi malo osadziwika bwino, anthu ambiri amakhulupirira kuti nsombayi imakhala ku Nyanja ya Baikal yokha. Ndipotu, mitundu iwiri ya nsombazi ndi mitundu ingapo yokhalamo imakhala ku Russia. Kuphatikiza apo, omul amapezekanso ku North America. Mitundu yayikulu kwambiri ndi Arctic omul, kulemera kwake kumatha kufika 5 kg. Baikal omul ndi yaying'ono, koma pali milandu yogwira anthu olemera pafupifupi 7 kg. Arctic omul imakhala kumpoto kwenikweni kwa nsomba zonse zoyera. Omul amaonedwa kuti ndi mtundu womwe ukukula pang'onopang'ono, ali ndi zaka 7 ali ndi kukula kwa 300-400 magalamu.
Njira zogwirira omul
Omul amagwidwa ndi zida zosiyanasiyana, koma ali ndi chinthu chimodzi chofanana - nyambo. Omul amadyetsa, monga nsomba zambiri zoyera, nyama zopanda msana ndi nsomba zazing'ono. Asodzi ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito nyambo zopanga zokhala ndi kukula kwake mofanana ndi chakudya chachikulu. "Ndodo zoponyera zazitali" zimawonjezera mtunda wausodzi, womwe ndi wofunikira pamadzi akuluakulu, chifukwa chake amadziwika ndi nsomba zoyera. Kugwira nsomba zamtundu wina pa nyambo zopota, monga zopota, n’zotheka, koma kusodza koteroko sikudzakhala kothandiza. Chochititsa chidwi kwambiri ndi nsomba za omul zimachitika m'nyengo yozizira. Zida zambiri ndi njira zophera nsomba ndizambiri.
Kugwira omul pa gear yozizira
M'nyengo yozizira, nsomba yotchuka kwambiri ya omul imachitika pa Nyanja ya Baikal. Mbali yaikulu ya nyambo imalowetsedwa mu dzenje, zomwe zimakopa magulu a omul. Amphipods, omwe asodzi am'deralo amawatcha "bormash", amakhala ngati zakudya zowonjezera. Omul, m'nyanjayi, nthawi zambiri amakhala pansi kwambiri, koma nyambo zina zimaipangitsa kuti ikwere pafupi ndi mabowowo. Msodzi amaona mlingo umene omul waima kudzera m’dzenjemo ndipo motero amalamulira kuya kwa chogwiriracho. Choncho, njira imeneyi nsomba amatchedwa "peep". Ndodo za usodzi, kwenikweni, ndi zingwe zokulirapo zokhala ndi chingwe chochulukira cha usodzi, pomwe zonyezimira zingapo zimamangiriridwa ku leashes. Pamapeto pa mzerewu, sink yooneka ngati spindle imamangiriridwa, yokhala ndi malupu awiri, kumapeto kwachiwiri komwe chingwe choyang'ana kutsogolo chimamangirizidwanso. Tackle iyenera kuseweredwa. Kusodza kumafuna luso linalake, chifukwa nkhonozi zimalukidwa pazitsulo zopanda ndevu. Kugwira modzidzimutsa kungaphatikizeponso zotuwa.
Kugwira omul pazitsulo zopota ndi zoyandama
Kupha nsomba za omul m'chilimwe kumawonedwa kukhala kovuta kwambiri, koma asodzi am'deralo sapambana. Pausodzi wochokera kumtunda, zida zosiyanasiyana "zoponya mtunda wautali", ndodo zoyandama, "boti" zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kupambana kwambiri kungatchedwe kusodza kuchokera ku mabwato. Omul nthawi zina amagwidwa ndi ma spinner ang'onoang'ono, koma zidule zingapo zimakhalanso nyambo zabwino kwambiri. Ndikoyenera nthawi zonse kukhala ndi zidule ndi ntchentche, makamaka pakakhala kulumidwa ndi imvi. Nsomba imeneyi imaluma kwambiri ndipo imatha kung'amba nyamboyo.
Nyambo
Kwenikweni, nyama zotchedwa omuls zimadya zamoyo zosiyanasiyana zopanda msana za m’madzi, zomwe zimatchedwa. zooplankton. Njira zophera nsomba ndi nyambo zimadalira izi. Pa Baikal, nyambo zamitundu yofiira zimatengedwa kuti ndizodziwika kwambiri. Malinga ndi ena omwe amawotchera, mikangano ya karoti ndi malalanje ndi yoyenera kwa omul wa ku arctic. Pa usodzi wopota, ma spinners apakati amasankhidwa, pomwe ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti zoponya ziyenera kukhala patali ndipo nyambo iyenera kupita mwakuya.
Malo ausodzi ndi malo okhala
Omul wa ku Arctic podyetsa amagwiritsira ntchito osati madera oyandikana ndi kamwa la mitsinje, komanso amapita kutali ndi nyanja. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, imatha kukhala m'madzi okhala ndi mchere wambiri. Amadyetsanso nkhanu ndi nsomba zazing'ono. Malo ogawa ali pakati pa mtsinje wa Mezen m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Arctic mpaka mitsinje ya kumpoto kwa America ku Kornation Bay. Baikal omul amakhala ku Baikal kokha, ndipo amaswana m'mphepete mwa nyanjayi. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, magulu osiyanasiyana amtundu wa Baikal omul amatha kusiyana m'malo okhala, m'nyanja, komanso nthawi yoberekera.
Kuswana
Omul amakhala okhwima pakugonana ali ndi zaka 5-8. Tizilombo tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono ta ku Baikal timayamba kukula mochedwa kwambiri. Arctic omuls amakwera ku mitsinje kuti abereke kwambiri, mpaka 1,5 km. Simadya panthawi yobereketsa. Kubzala m'katikati mwa autumn. Ng'ombe zobereketsa zimayimiridwa ndi anthu azaka 6-13, kubereka sikuchitika chaka chilichonse. Yaikazi imabala nthawi 2-3 pa moyo wake. Mphutsi za Baikal omul zimatsika m'nyanja m'nyengo ya masika, kumene zimamera.