Usodzi wa tuna panyanja zazikulu: nyambo ndi njira zopha nsomba

Tunas ndi gulu lalikulu la oimira ichthyofauna, omwe amapanga magulu angapo a banja la mackerel. Pali mitundu pafupifupi 15 ya nsomba. Nsomba zambiri za tuna zili ndi thupi lamphamvu looneka ngati ntchentche monga mackerel onse, ma peduncle opapatiza kwambiri, mchira wooneka ngati chikwakwa ndi zipsepse, zipsepse zachikopa m'mbali. Maonekedwe ndi kapangidwe ka thupi kamapereka zilombo zolusa mwachangu mu nsomba zonse za tuna. Yellowfin tuna imatha kuthamanga kwambiri kuposa 75 km / h. Tunas ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yochepa ya nsomba zomwe zimatha kusunga kutentha kwa thupi lawo pang'ono kuposa kutentha komwe kumazungulira. Nsomba zogwira ntchito za pelargic, pofunafuna chakudya, zimatha kuyenda mtunda wautali. Physiology yonse ya tuna imayang'aniridwa ndi kuthamanga kwambiri. Chifukwa cha ichi, dongosolo la kupuma ndi kuzungulira kwa magazi limakonzedwa mwa njira yakuti nsomba zimayenera kuyenda nthawi zonse. Kukula kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nsomba kumatha kusiyana kwambiri. Mackerel tuna ang'onoang'ono, omwe amakhala pafupifupi m'madzi onse anyanja otentha, amakula mochepera 5 kg. Mitundu yaying'ono ya tuna (mwachitsanzo, Atlantic) imalemera pang'ono kuposa 20 kg. Nthawi yomweyo, kukula kwakukulu kwa tuna wamba kunalembedwa mozungulira 684 kg ndi kutalika kwa 4.6 m. Pakati pa nsomba za m'madera otentha, marlin ndi swordfish zokha zimapezeka zazikulu kuposa izo. Mitundu yaying'ono ndi nsomba zazing'ono zimakhala m'magulu akuluakulu, anthu akuluakulu amakonda kusaka m'magulu ang'onoang'ono kapena okha. Chakudya chachikulu cha tuna chimakhala ndi tizilombo tating'ono tating'ono ta pelargic ndi mollusks, komanso nsomba zazing'ono. Tunas ndi ofunika kwambiri malonda; m’maiko ambiri a m’mphepete mwa nyanja, nsomba zimaŵetedwa monga zoweta m’madzi. Chifukwa cha nyama zolusa, mitundu ina ya tuna ili pangozi. Kusodza nsomba ya tuna ali angapo zoletsa, onetsetsani kuti ayang'ane quotas nsomba ndi analola mitundu ya nsomba m'dera limene mukupita kukawedza.

Njira zophera nsomba

Usodzi wa mafakitale umachitika m'njira zambiri, kuchokera ku trawls ndi mizere yayitali mpaka ndodo wamba. Njira yodziwika bwino yopha nsomba zazikulu ndi kupondaponda. Kuphatikiza apo, amagwira nsomba ya tuna pa kupota "cast", "plumb" komanso mothandizidwa ndi nyambo zachilengedwe. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, tuna amatha kunyengedwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana, mwachitsanzo, mothandizidwa ndi thovu la mpweya. Kwa izi, mabwato ali ndi zida zapadera. Nsomba za tuna amakhulupirira kuti awa ndi magulu a mwachangu ndipo amabwera pafupi ndi chombocho, pomwe amagwidwa pa ma spinner.

Usodzi wa tuna wa Trolling

Tunas, pamodzi ndi swordfish ndi marlin, amaonedwa kuti ndi m'modzi mwa otsutsa kwambiri pa usodzi wa m'madzi amchere chifukwa cha kukula kwawo, kupsa mtima ndi chiwawa. Kuti muwagwire, mufunika nsonga yoopsa kwambiri. Kuyenda panyanja ndi njira yopha nsomba pogwiritsa ntchito galimoto yoyenda monga bwato kapena bwato. Kupha nsomba m'malo otseguka a nyanja ndi nyanja, zombo zapadera zomwe zimakhala ndi zida zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Pankhani ya tuna, izi ndizo, monga lamulo, mabwato akuluakulu amoto ndi mabwato. Izi siziri chifukwa cha kukula kwa zikho zomwe zingatheke, komanso momwe nsomba zimakhalira. Zogwirizira ndodo ndizofunikira kwambiri pazida zazombo. Kuphatikiza apo, mabwato ali ndi mipando yochitiramo nsomba, tebulo lopangira nyambo, zomvekera zamphamvu ndi zina zambiri. Ndodo zapadera zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito, zopangidwa ndi fiberglass ndi ma polima ena okhala ndi zida zapadera. Coils ntchito multiplier, pazipita mphamvu. Chipangizo cha trolling reels chimatengera lingaliro lalikulu la zida zotere: mphamvu. Mzere wa mono, wofika 4 mm wokhuthala kapena kupitilira apo, umayezedwa pamakilomita panthawi ya usodzi wotero. Pali zida zambiri zothandizira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kutengera momwe nsomba zimakhalira: kukulitsa zida, kuyika nyambo pamalo osodza, kuyika nyambo, ndi zina zambiri, kuphatikiza zida zambiri. Trolling, makamaka posaka zimphona zam'nyanja, ndi gulu la gulu la usodzi. Monga lamulo, ndodo zingapo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Pankhani ya kuluma, kugwirizana kwa gulu ndikofunika kuti agwire bwino. Pamaso pa ulendo, ndi bwino kupeza malamulo a nsomba m'dera. Nthawi zambiri, kusodza kumachitika ndi akatswiri omwe ali ndi udindo wonse pazochitikazo. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti kufunafuna chikhomo panyanja kapena m'nyanja kungagwirizane ndi maola ambiri akudikirira kuluma, nthawi zina osapambana.

Kusodza nsomba za tuna

Nsomba zimakhala m'malo akuluakulu a nyanja, choncho usodzi umachitika kuchokera ku mabwato osiyanasiyana. Pogwira nsomba zamitundu yosiyanasiyana, pamodzi ndi nsomba zina zam'madzi, osodza amagwiritsa ntchito zida zopota. Kuti agwire, popota nsomba za m'nyanja, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi trolling, chofunika kwambiri ndi kudalirika. Ma reel ayenera kukhala ndi chingwe chophatikizira cha nsomba kapena chingwe. Chofunika kwambiri ndikugwiritsa ntchito ma leashes apadera omwe angateteze nyambo yanu kuti isasweke. Kuphatikiza pa dongosolo lopanda vuto la braking, koyiloyo iyenera kutetezedwa kumadzi amchere. Usodzi wopota kuchokera m'chombo ukhoza kusiyana ndi mfundo zopezera nyambo. Mumitundu yambiri ya zida zophera nsomba m'nyanja, mawaya othamanga kwambiri amafunikira, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kuchuluka kwa zida zomangira. Malinga ndi mfundo yogwirira ntchito, ma coils amatha kukhala ochulutsa komanso opanda inertial. Chifukwa chake, ndodo zimasankhidwa malinga ndi dongosolo la reel. Pankhani ya dormice, zitsulo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popha nsomba za "nsomba zowuluka" kapena squid. Ndikoyenera kutchula apa kuti powedza pa kupota nsomba za m'nyanja, njira yopha nsomba ndiyofunika kwambiri. Kuti musankhe mawaya olondola, muyenera kufunsa ang'onoting'ono am'deralo kapena owongolera.

Nyambo

Pa usodzi wa tuna, nyambo zapanyanja zachikhalidwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe zimagwirizana ndi mtundu wa usodzi. Trolling, nthawi zambiri, imagwidwa ndi ma spinner osiyanasiyana, mawobblers ndi zotsatsira za silicone. Nyambo zachilengedwe zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito; chifukwa cha izi, atsogoleri odziwa bwino amapanga nyambo pogwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera. Popha nsomba zopota, mawotchi osiyanasiyana am'madzi, ma spinners ndi zinthu zina zopanga zamoyo zam'madzi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri. Mukagwira nsomba yaing'ono ndi cholinga chofuna kunyamulira kapena zosangalatsa paulendo wa ngalawa, pamodzi ndi zida zopota, zida zosavuta zogwirira ntchito kapena zidutswa za shrimp zingagwiritsidwe ntchito.

Malo ausodzi ndi malo okhala

Mitundu yambiri imakhala m'madzi otentha komanso otentha a m'nyanja. Kuphatikiza apo, nsomba zimakhala ku Mediterranean ndi Black Sea, koma pomaliza, nsomba za tuna ndizosowa. Maulendo a tuna ku North Atlantic ndi Nyanja ya Barents amadziwika. M'nyengo yotentha, tuna amatha kufika kumadzi ozungulira Kola Peninsula. Ku Far East, malo okhala amakhala ndi nyanja zotsuka zilumba za Japan, koma amapezanso nsomba za tuna m'madzi aku Russia. Monga tanenera kale, tuna amakhala m’mwamba mwa madzi a m’nyanja ndi m’nyanja, ndipo amayenda mtunda wautali kufunafuna chakudya.

Kuswana

Mofanana ndi nsomba zina, kufalikira kwa nsomba za tuna kumadalira pazochitika zingapo. Mulimonsemo, kubereketsa mitundu yonse ya zamoyo ndi nyengo ndipo kumadalira mitundu. Zaka za kutha msinkhu zimayamba pa zaka 2-3. Mitundu yambiri imaswana m’madzi ofunda a kumadera otentha ndi kotentha. Kuti achite izi, amasamuka kwa nthawi yayitali. Mawonekedwe obereketsa amagwirizana mwachindunji ndi moyo wa pelargic. Akazi, malingana ndi kukula kwake, amakhala ndi chonde kwambiri.

Siyani Mumakonda