Salaka, hering'i ya Baltic ndi nsomba, yamtundu wa hering'i ya Atlantic kuchokera ku banja la dzina lomweli. Maonekedwe - woimira hering'i. Nsombayi ili ndi thupi looneka ngati spindle komanso mutu waukulu ndithu wokhala ndi maso aakulu. Mkamwa ndi wapakati, pali mano ang'onoang'ono akuthwa pa vomer. M'nyanja, herring amapanga ng'ombe zam'deralo, zomwe zingasiyane ndi malo okhala ndi nthawi yoberekera. Nsomba zomwe zimakhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja ku Germany kapena Sweden ndizokulirapo pang'ono ndipo zimatha kukula mpaka 35 cm, koma izi ndi mitundu ikuluikulu ya nsomba zomwezo. Pafupi ndi gombe lakumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Baltic Baltic hering'i ndi yaying'ono ndipo nthawi zambiri sichidutsa 14-16 cm. Baltic herring ndi nsomba ya m'madzi, koma imalekerera mosavuta madzi osungunuka ndi amchere a Baltic bays. Anthu a herring amadziwika m'nyanja zam'madzi ku Sweden. Kusamuka ndi moyo wa nsomba zimadalira kwambiri kutentha kwa nyanja. Salaka ndi nsomba ya pelargic yomwe chakudya chake chachikulu ndi zamoyo zopanda msana zomwe zimakhala kumtunda ndi pakati pa madzi. Nsombazi zimamamatira kumadera otseguka a m’nyanja, koma m’nyengo ya masika zimafika kugombe kufunafuna chakudya, koma madzi a m’mphepete mwa nyanja akatentha kwambiri, zimapita kumadera akuya ndipo zimatha kukhala m’kati mwa madziwo. M’nyengo yophukira-yozizira, nsombazi zimasamukira kutali ndi gombe n’kumamatira kunsi kwa madzi. Pofufuza zooplankton, Baltic herring amapikisana ndi ma sprats ndi mitundu ina yaying'ono, koma anthu akuluakulu amatha kusinthana ndi kudya za stickleback ndi zamoyo zina. Nthawi yomweyo, hering'i ndi chakudya chamitundu yayikulu, monga nsomba za Baltic, cod, ndi zina.
Njira zophera nsomba
Usodzi wa mafakitale umachitika ndi zida za ukonde. Koma nsomba za herring amateur ndizodziwikanso kwambiri ndipo zimatha kuchitika m'mphepete mwa nyanja komanso pamabwato. Njira zazikulu zopha nsomba ndi mbewa zambiri monga "wankhanza" ndi zina zotero. Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti odziwa nsomba amalangiza kugwiritsa ntchito njira zoyera kapena zachikasu.
Kugwira hering'i ndi ndodo zazitali
Mayina ambiri azitsulo zamitundu yambiri amatha kukhala ndi mayina osiyanasiyana, monga "cascade", "herringbone" ndi zina zotero, koma kwenikweni, ndizofanana ndipo zimatha kubwerezana. Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu kungawonekere pokhapokha pakugwira nsomba kuchokera kumphepete mwa nyanja kapena kuchokera ku mabwato, makamaka pamaso pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ndodo kapena kusakhalapo kwawo. Nsomba za Baltic nthawi zambiri zimagwidwa kuchokera kumtunda, choncho zimakhala zosavuta kupha nsomba ndi ndodo zazitali ndi "rig". Nthawi zambiri, zida zambiri ndizofanana, kotero malingaliro onse opha nsomba ndi zida za mbedza zambiri ndi oyenera. Kusodza kwa "wankhanza", ngakhale dzinalo, lomwe mwachiwonekere limachokera ku Russia, ndilofala kwambiri ndipo likugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi asodzi padziko lonse lapansi. Pali kusiyana pang'ono kwa zigawo, koma mfundo ya usodzi ndi yofanana kulikonse. Komanso, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa ma rigs kumakhudzana ndi kukula kwa nyama. Poyamba, kugwiritsa ntchito ndodo zilizonse sikunaperekedwe. Chingwe china chimakulungidwa pa chowongolero cha mawonekedwe osasunthika, kutengera kuya kwa usodzi, ukhoza kukhala mpaka mazana angapo mita. Sink yokhala ndi kulemera koyenera mpaka 400 g imakhazikika kumapeto, nthawi zina ndi loop pansi kuti muteteze chingwe chowonjezera. Leashes amakhazikika pa chingwe, nthawi zambiri, pafupifupi 10-15 zidutswa. Leashes ikhoza kupangidwa ndi zipangizo, malingana ndi zomwe akufuna kugwira. Zitha kukhala monofilament kapena zitsulo zotsogola kapena waya. Ziyenera kufotokozedwa kuti nsomba zam'nyanja ndizochepa "zotsika" ku makulidwe a zida, kotero mutha kugwiritsa ntchito monofilaments wandiweyani (0.5-0.6 mm). Pankhani ya zida zachitsulo, makamaka mbedza, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti ziyenera kuphimbidwa ndi anti-corrosion, chifukwa madzi a m'nyanja amawononga zitsulo mwachangu kwambiri. Mu mtundu wa "classic", "wankhanza" ali ndi nyambo, zokhala ndi nthenga zamitundu, ulusi waubweya kapena zidutswa zazinthu zopangidwa. Kuphatikiza apo, ma spinners ang'onoang'ono, kuphatikiza mikanda yokhazikika, mikanda, ndi zina zambiri. amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusodza. M'matembenuzidwe amakono, pogwirizanitsa zigawo za zipangizo, zozungulira zosiyanasiyana, mphete, ndi zina zotero zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Izi zimawonjezera kusinthasintha kwazomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, koma zimatha kuwononga kulimba kwake. Ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito zida zodalirika, zokwera mtengo. Pazombo zapadera zopha nsomba pa "wolamulira wankhanza", zida zapadera zapabodi zopangira zida zowongolera zitha kuperekedwa. Izi ndizothandiza kwambiri popha nsomba mozama kwambiri. Ngati kusodza kumachitika kuchokera ku ayezi kapena bwato, pamizere yaying'ono, ndiye kuti ma reel wamba ndi okwanira, omwe amatha kukhala ngati ndodo zazifupi. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito ndodo zokhala ndi mphete zodulira kapena zopota zapanyanja zazifupi, pamakhala vuto lomwe limawonekera pazitsulo zonse zokhala ndi mbedza zambiri zomwe zimagwedezeka posewera nsomba. Mukagwira nsomba zing'onozing'ono, zovutazi zimathetsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito ndodo 6-7 m kutalika, ndipo pogwira nsomba zazikulu, kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha "ntchito" ya leashes. Mulimonsemo, pokonzekera nsomba, leitmotif yaikulu iyenera kukhala yosavuta komanso yosavuta panthawi ya nsomba. Mfundo ya usodzi ndiyosavuta, ikatsitsa choyimira choyimirira mpaka kuzama kodziwikiratu, wowotchera amapangira zingwe zapang'onopang'ono, molingana ndi mfundo yowunikira molunjika. Pankhani ya kuluma kogwira, izi, nthawi zina, sizofunika. "Kutera" kwa nsomba pa mbedza kumatha kuchitika potsitsa zida kapena kuchokera kumtunda kwa chombo.
Malo ausodzi ndi malo okhala
Malo aakulu a herring, monga momwe tingawonere kuchokera ku dzina lachiwiri, ndi Nyanja ya Baltic. Poganizira kuti Baltic, ambiri, ndi madzi osaya komanso otsika mchere wamchere, anthu ambiri a herring amakhala m'malo osaya amadzimadzi monga Finnish, Curonian, Kaliningrad ndi ena. M'nyengo yozizira, nsomba zimamamatira kumadera akuya a dziwe ndikupita kutali ndi gombe. Nsombazi zimatsogolera moyo wa pelargic, kusamukira kumadera a m'mphepete mwa nyanja kufunafuna chakudya ndi kubereka.
Kuswana
Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya herring, yomwe imasiyana nthawi yoberekera: autumn ndi masika. Nsombazo zimakhwima pogonana ndi zaka 2-4. Nsomba zam'madzi zimamera m'mphepete mwa nyanja pakuya kwa 5-7 m. Nthawi yamaluwa ndi May-June. Yophukira, imaphukira mu Ogasiti-Seputembala, imachitika mozama kwambiri. Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti mpikisano wa autumn ndi wochepa kwambiri.