Amur catfish ndi amtundu wa nsomba zam'madzi komanso mtundu wa nsomba za Far East. Kusiyanitsa kofunikira kwambiri kuchokera ku nsomba zomwe zimadziwika bwino kwa anthu a ku Ulaya ku Russia - nsomba zamtundu wamba, ndi kukula kwake. Kukula kwakukulu kwa nsomba za Amur kumawerengedwa kuti ndi kulemera kwa 6-8 kg, ndi kutalika mpaka 1 m. Koma nthawi zambiri nsomba za Amur zimadutsa mpaka 60 cm ndikulemera mpaka 2 kg. Mtundu ndi wobiriwira wobiriwira, mimba ndi yoyera, kumbuyo ndi yakuda. Mamba kulibe. Mwa mawonekedwe, kukhalapo kwa awiriawiri a tinyanga mu nsomba zazikulu akhoza kusiyanitsidwa. Mwa achinyamata, gulu lachitatu limapezeka, koma limasowa mu nsomba zotalika masentimita 10. Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti mtundu wina wa nsomba zam'madzi umapezeka mumtsinje wa Amur - nsomba zam'madzi za Soldatov. Mitundu yaku Far East iyi imasiyanitsidwa ndi malo okhala, kukula kwake kwakukulu (kulemera mpaka 40 kg ndi kutalika pafupifupi 4 m), komanso kusiyana kwakung'ono kwakunja. Ponena za mitundu yofotokozedwayo (Amur catfish), pokhudzana ndi "achibale" ena, kuphatikizapo nsomba zam'madzi za Soldatov, mutu ndi nsagwada zapansi za nsomba zimakhala zochepa kwambiri. Palinso kusiyana kwa mitundu, makamaka akadali aang'ono, koma apo ayi, nsomba ndizofanana kwambiri. Zizolowezi ndi moyo wa Amur catfish amafanana ndi bango (European) catfish. Amur catfish makamaka amatsatira zigawo zapansi za mitsinje ndi mtsinje. Amalowa mumsewu waukulu panthawi yomwe madzi akugwa kwambiri kapena pamene mbali zina za nkhokwe za chizolowezi zimaundana m'nyengo yozizira. M'malo mwake, nsomba zam'madzi za Soldatov zimatsatira magawo a Amur, Ussuri ndi madamu ena akuluakulu. Mofanana ndi mitundu yambiri ya nsomba zam'madzi, nsomba za Amur zimakhala ndi moyo wamadzulo, pokhala nyama yolusa. Ana amadya nyama zosiyanasiyana zopanda msana. Mkati mwa maulendo ochuluka a nsomba zazing'ono zomwe zimakonda kusamukasamuka kapena kusamuka kwa nyengo zamtundu wamtundu womwe umangokhala, khalidwe lokondana la catfish limadziwika. Iwo amasonkhana m’magulumagulu n’kuukira magulu a zinthu zosungunula ndi zinthu zina. Ngakhale, kawirikawiri, nsomba za Amur zimatengedwa ngati osaka okha. Kukula kwa nyamayo kungakhale 20% ya kukula kwa nsomba yokha. Ku Amur, pali mitundu yopitilira 13 ya nsomba zomwe amur catfish amatha kudya. Chofunikira chamtunduwu ndi kukula pang'onopang'ono (kukula pang'onopang'ono). Nsomba zimafika kukula kwa 60 cm pa zaka 10 kapena kuposerapo. Ngakhale kufalikira kwa zamoyo zomwe zili m'chigwa cha Amur, ndizofunika kudziwa kuti kukula ndi kuchuluka kwa nsomba za Amur catfish zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi zinthu zachilengedwe, monga kayendetsedwe ka madzi pachaka. Pankhani ya nthawi yayitali ya madzi okwera, nsomba zimakhala ndi chakudya chochepa m'dera lakukhalapo kosatha, zomwe zimakhala ndi zotsatira zoipa. Amur catfish imatengedwa kuti ndi nsomba yamalonda ndipo imagwidwa mochuluka.
Njira zophera nsomba
Monga tanenera kale, khalidwe la Amur catfish ndi lofanana ndi "abale" a ku Ulaya. Kupota kumatha kuonedwa ngati njira yosangalatsa kwambiri yopha nsomba iyi. Koma poganizira kadyedwe ka nsomba zam'madzi, nsomba zamitundu ina pogwiritsa ntchito nyambo zachilengedwe zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kusodza. Asodzi ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zida zosiyanasiyana zapansi ndi zoyandama. Njira zophera nsomba ndi zida zimadalira mwachindunji kukula kwa malo osungiramo madzi ndi momwe nsomba zimakhalira. Choyamba, izi zimakhudzana ndi zida za "zoponya zazitali" komanso kulemera kwa milomo yopota. Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti kukula kwa nsomba ndizochepa, makamaka kumenyana kwamphamvu sikofunikira, choncho, kusinthidwa kwa mitundu ina ya Kum'mawa kwa Far East, mungagwiritse ntchito ndodo za nsomba zoyenera kupha nsomba m'dera lino. Kuphatikiza apo, poganizira zodziwika bwino zamadzi aku Far East ndi mitundu yawo yosiyanasiyana, usodzi wapadera wa Amur catfish nthawi zambiri umachitika pogwiritsa ntchito nyambo zachilengedwe.
Kugwira nsomba pandodo yopota
Kugwira nsomba za Amur pa kupota, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi nsomba za ku Ulaya, zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi moyo wapansi. Pausodzi, njira zosiyanasiyana zophera nsomba zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga nyambo zopukutira komanso zozama kwambiri. Malinga ndi zikhalidwe ndi zilakolako za msodzi, pankhani ya usodzi wapadera, mungagwiritse ntchito ndodo zoyenera pazingwezi. Komanso, pakali pano, opanga amapereka chiwerengero chachikulu cha zinthu zoterezi. Komabe, kusankha mtundu wa ndodo, reel, zingwe ndi zinthu zina, choyamba, zimadalira zomwe msodzi amakumana nazo komanso momwe nsomba zimakhalira. Monga tanenera kale, mitunduyi sisiyana mu kukula kwakukulu, koma ndi bwino kuganizira za kuthekera kugwira nsomba zazikulu za mitundu ina. Olodza nsomba zam'deralo amakhulupirira kuti anthu akuluakulu amachitira nyambo zachilengedwe, choncho, ngati ali ndi chilakolako chofuna kugwira "nsomba za trophy", ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zosiyanasiyana zopha nsomba za "nsomba zakufa". Musanayambe kusodza, muyenera kumveketsa bwino momwe nsomba zimakhalira pamtsinje, chifukwa beseni la Amur ndi mitsinje imatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera dera, ndikusankha kale zida zogwirizana ndi zizindikiro izi.
Nyambo
Kusankhidwa kwa nyambo kumalumikizidwa ndi kusankha kwa zida ndi njira yopha nsomba. Pankhani ya usodzi, mawobblers osiyanasiyana, ma spinners ndi jig nozzles ndi oyenera kupota zida. Dziwani kuti nthawi zambiri nsomba amakonda nyambo zazikulu. Pakuwedza pansi ndi zida zoyandama, ma nozzles osiyanasiyana kuchokera ku nyama yankhuku, nsomba, nkhono ndi zina zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Nyambo zodziwika bwino ndi achule, nyongolotsi zokwawa ndi zina. Mofanana ndi nsomba za ku Ulaya, nsomba za Amur zimachita bwino ndi nyambo ndi nyambo zonunkhira kwambiri, ngakhale zimapewa nyama yowola.
Malo ausodzi ndi malo okhala
Amur catfish amakhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja za Japan, Yellow ndi South China. Amagawidwa m'mitsinje, kuchokera ku Amur kupita ku Vietnam, zilumba za Japan, komanso ku Mongolia. M'gawo la Russia, imatha kugwidwa pafupifupi m'chigwa chonse cha Amur: mitsinje yochokera ku Transbaikalia kupita ku Amur Estuary. Kuphatikizapo, kumpoto chakum'mawa za. Sakhalin. Kuphatikiza apo, nsomba zam'madzi zimakhala m'nyanja zomwe zimadutsa mumtsinje wa Amur, monga Nyanja ya Khanka.
Kuswana
Nsomba zimakhwima pakugonana zikafika zaka 3-4. Kubereketsa kumachitika m'chilimwe, pamene madzi amawotha, nthawi zambiri kuyambira pakati pa mwezi wa June. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti amuna nthawi zambiri amakhala aang'ono poyerekeza ndi akazi, pomwe chiŵerengero cha anthu pa malo oberekera nthawi zambiri chimakhala 1: 1. Kuswana kumachitika m'madera osaya omwe ali ndi zomera zam'madzi kwambiri. Mosiyana ndi mitundu ina ya nsomba zam'madzi, nsomba za Amur sizimanga zisa ndipo siziteteza mazira. Caviar yomata imamangiriridwa ku gawo lapansi; akazi kuyala payokha pa malo aakulu. Kukula kwa mazira ndikofulumira kwambiri ndipo ana a nsomba zam'madzi amasintha mwachangu kukhala chakudya chodyera.