Zamkatimu
Kufotokozera
Herring, monga sardine, sprat, ndi anchovy, ndi a banja la herring. Ndi za nsomba zophunzirira zomwe zimakhala ku Baltic ndi North Seas komanso ku North Atlantic Ocean yonse kuchokera ku Norway kupita ku Greenland ndi North Carolina.
Nsombazi zimatha kutalika mpaka masentimita 40, pomwe anthu ena amakhala zaka 20. Nsapato za hering'i zitha kuwonedwa m'nyanja yotseguka ndi diso lamaliseche, popeza mawonekedwe am'madzi mwa nsombayo amawala kwambiri. Pansi pamadzi, kumbuyo kwa nsombayo kumawoneka ndi mitundu kuyambira kubiriwira wachikaso mpaka kubuluu-wakuda ndi buluu wobiriwira. Mbali zonse za nsombazo zimakhala ndi utoto wosasunthika womwe umasanduka woyera kuyambira pamwamba mpaka pansi.
Herring imadyetsa ndi zooplankton ndipo nthawi zambiri imakhala nyama ya nyama zina zam'madzi zomwezo. Atasungidwa ndi malo am'madzi, nsombazi zimasiya kunyezimira kwake, ndikupeza mtundu wabuluu wobiriwira, zimakhala zosadabwitsa. Khalidwe la hering'i ndi masikelo opanda minga, zokutira bwino za ma gill, ndi nsagwada zapansi zomwe ndizapamwamba kuposa chapamwamba. Mapiko am'madzi am'madzi amakhala pansi penipeni. Pakati pa kuyamba kwa Marichi mpaka kumapeto kwa Epulo, hering'i imakhala yonenepa kwambiri komanso yokoma, chifukwa kubala kumachitika nthawi ino pomwe mamiliyoni a anthu amapita kumadoko ndi kumitsinje kuti akaponye mazira.
Mayina apadziko lonse a hering'i
- Lat.: Clupea harengus
- Wachijeremani: Hering
- Chingerezi: Hering
- Fr.: Hareng
- Chisipanishi: Arenque
- Chitaliyana: Aringa
Mtengo wa 100 g wa hering'i wa Atlantic (magawo odyetsedwa, opanda pake):
Mtengo wamagetsi: ma calories 776 kJ / 187
Zolemba zoyambira: madzi - 62.4%, mapuloteni - 18.2%, mafuta - 17.8%
Mafuta a asidi:
- Mafuta okhuta: 2.9 g
- Mafuta a Monounsaturated acids: 5.9 g
- Mafuta a Polyunsaturated acids: 3.3 g, omwe:
- omega-3 - 2.8 g
- omega-6 - 0.2 g
- Cholesterol: 68 mg
mchere:
- sodium 117 mg
- Potaziyamu 360 mg
- Kashiamu 34 mg
- Mankhwala enaake a 31 mg
Tsatani zinthu:
- Ayodini 40 mg
- Phosphorous 250 mg
- Iron 1.1 mg
- Selenium 43 magalamu
Mavitamini:
- Vitamini A 38 μg
- B1 μg
- Vitamini B2 220 μg
- D27 pa
- Vitamini PP 3.8 mg
Habitat
Herring imapezeka ku Baltic ndi North Seas, komanso ku North Atlantic Ocean kuchokera ku Norway kupita ku Greenland ndi kugombe lakum'mawa kwa America.
Njira yosodza
M'makampani osodza, hering'i imagwidwa panyanja zikuluzikulu pogwiritsa ntchito maukonde. Kuyenda kwa nsombazi kumatsatiridwa ndi sonar, zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wodziwa mayendedwe ake molondola kwambiri. M'madera a m'mphepete mwa nyanja, nsombazi zimagwidwa ndi maukonde a gill komanso pagombe - mothandizidwa ndi seines ndi seines okhazikika.
Ntchito hering'i
Choyamba, palibe nsomba ina yomwe ili yofunika kwambiri pazachuma ndi ndale monga hering'i. M’zaka za m’ma XNUMX mpaka m’ma XNUMX mpaka m’ma XNUMX mpaka m’ma XNUMX mpaka m’ma XNUMX mpaka m’ma XNUMX mpaka m’ma XNUMX C. Nkhondo zinamenyedwa chifukwa cha herring, ndipo kukhalapo kwake kumagwirizana mwachindunji ndi kupangidwa kwa Hanseatic League. Mwachitsanzo, hering'i ndi zogulitsa zikuyimira gawo limodzi mwa magawo asanu a nsomba zomwe zimaperekedwa kumsika waku Germany.
Zothandiza zimatha hering'i
Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti hering'i amachulukitsa zomwe zili m'thupi mwa zomwe zimatchedwa "cholesterol yabwino" - ma lipoprotein othamanga kwambiri, omwe, mosiyana ndi "cholesterol yoyipa," amachepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo cha atherosclerosis ndi matenda amtima.
Kupatula apo, mafuta a nsombawa amachepetsa kukula kwa maselo amafuta a adipocyte, zomwe zingathandize kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda amtundu wa 2. Herring komanso amachepetsa zili makutidwe ndi okosijeni mankhwala mu madzi a m`magazi; ndiye kuti, ili ndi ma antioxidants.
Posachedwa, pakhala kuchuluka kwa malipoti akuti kudya nsomba zamafuta (saumoni, mackerel, hering'i, sardini, ndi cod) kumateteza ku mphumu. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha omega-3 mafuta acids ndi magnesium.
Zatsimikiziridwa kuti anthu omwe ali ndi magnesium yochepa m'matupi awo amatha kutengeka ndi mphumu. Kuperewera kwa mafuta a omega-3 nthawi zambiri kumalumikizidwa ndi khansa, nyamakazi, nyamakazi, chitetezo chofooka chamthupi, ndi zina zotero.
Zosangalatsa za hering'i
Mpaka zaka za zana la 15, opemphapempha ndi amonke okha ndi omwe amadya hering'i - ngakhale idadziwika kwanthawi yayitali. Chowonadi ndi chakuti hering'iyo inali yopanda tanthauzo: imanunkhira mafuta amchere, koma koposa zonse, idalawa zowawa kwambiri.
Kenako, panali "hering coup": msodzi wosavuta wochokera ku Holland, Willem Boykelzoon, adachotsa mitsempha ya hering'i isanathiridwe mchere. Manyowa omalizidwa sanakhale owawa konse koma okoma kwambiri.
Ngakhale Boykelzoon adapeza njira yopangira nsomba zokoma, adakhalabe chinsinsi - palibe amene amadziwa kudula nsombazo moyenera. Odulira mwapadera amakhala m'nyumba yapadera m'mbali mwa nyanjayo ndikupha hering'i m'nyanja kuti pasapezeke wowonera momwe achotsere ma gill. Sanathe ngakhale kukwatira - amawopa kuti mkazi wolankhula adzagwidwa ndikufalitsa chinsinsi cha herring wokoma ku Holland yonse.
Kuvulaza
- Mchere wambiri umalepheretsa kuchotsa zinthu zoyipa ndimadzimadzi. Chifukwa cha izi, ndizotsutsana ndi:
- anthu omwe ali ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi;
- anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a impso;
- kudwala.
Zinsinsi ndi njira zophikira
Kawirikawiri, hering'i amapatsidwa mchere kapena kuzifutsa. Komabe, sikuti amangodya yaiwisi (ku Netherlands) komanso amawonjezeranso ma pie, masaladi, zakudya zotentha, msuzi, ndi zokhwasula-khwasula.
Chakudya chotchuka kwambiri chomwe chimabwera m'maganizo mwanu ndi hering'i pansi pa malaya amoto. Palibe tebulo limodzi la Chaka Chatsopano lomwe limatha popanda izi m'maiko akale a USSR.
Koma osati malaya amkati okha omwe amapangidwa ndi hering'i. Pali masaladi ena ambiri okhala ndi nsombazi. Zimayenda bwino ndi maapulo (makamaka mitundu wowawasa ngati Agogo aakazi) ndi kirimu wowawasa ndi nkhaka, tsabola belu, udzu winawake, ndi tchizi wolimba. Mwa kuphatikiza odziwika bwino, mutha kukumbukira mbatata zophika ndi anyezi osungunuka mu viniga. Ndi anthu ochepa omwe amadziwa, koma kuphatikiza uku kunachokera ku Norway.
Nsombayi imalawa zachilendo mukakazinga. Zilonda zimapangidwa, zopangidwa ndi ufa ndipo zimangokazinga mafuta azamasamba. Zotsatira zake ndi zidutswa zagolide zokoma. Pa Don, nsomba zamatumbo, zosiyanitsidwa ndi mutu ndikuzisenda, ndizokazinga kwathunthu. Msuzi wa nsomba wopangidwa kuchokera ku hering'i watsopano, anyezi ndi mbatata ndizabwino.
Hering'i yophikidwa ndi mandimu mu zojambulazo itha kutumikiridwa bwino patebulo lachikondwerero - imawoneka yokongola kwambiri. Amawaphika mwina ndi mafuta a masamba kapena pamtsamiro wa anyezi, kaloti, ndi mayonesi. Chitumbuwa sichikhala chokongoletsera patebulo. Mutha kuzipanga ngakhale ndi yisiti, ngakhale aspic, ngakhale ndi chotupitsa ndi zodzaza zosiyanasiyana.
Mchere wa mchere
zosakaniza
- 2 hering'i;
- Madzi okwanira 1 litre;
- Supuni 2 zamchere;
- Shuga wa supuni ya 1
- Masamba 3-4;
- nyemba zakuda zakuda, allspice, ndi ma clove - kulawa.
Kukonzekera
- Chotsani mitsempha ku nsomba; atha kupanga ma marinade owawa. Sikoyenera kutulutsa m'matumbo ndikusenda hering'i. Mutha kutsuka ndi kuuma ndi matawulo apepala.
- Wiritsani madzi. Onjezerani mchere, shuga, ndi zonunkhira. Siyani simmer kwa mphindi 3-4. Chotsani kutentha ndikusiya kuziziritsa.
- Pezani chidebe cha pulasitiki kapena poto wa enamel wokhala ndi chivindikiro. Ikani hering'i pamenepo ndikuphimba ndi brine utakhazikika. Ngati brine saphimba nsomba zonse, gwiritsani ntchito kukakamiza. Kupanda kutero, muyenera kusintha nthawi ndi nthawi.
- Tiyeni tiime kwa maola atatu kutentha, kenako firiji. Pambuyo maola 3, mutha kuyesa.
Sangalatsidwani ndi chakudya chanu!
