Ku likulu la Qatar, Doha, kumapeto kwa Marichi, msonkhano wa omwe adachita nawo msonkhano wamalonda wapadziko lonse oimira mitundu ya nyama zakuthengo ndi zomera zomwe zatsala pang'ono kutha (CITES) zidachitika. Akatswiri ochokera m'mayiko 178, kuphatikizapo Russia, adasonkhana kuti achitepo kanthu kuti athetse milandu ya malonda oletsedwa a nyama ndi zomera.
Kugulitsa nyama masiku ano ndi imodzi mwazinthu zopindulitsa kwambiri zamabizinesi amithunzi. Malingana ndi Interpol, ntchito zamtunduwu padziko lapansi zimakhala zachiwiri pazachuma chandalama pambuyo pa kugulitsa mankhwala osokoneza bongo - zoposa madola 6 biliyoni pachaka.
Mu July chaka chatha, akuluakulu a kasitomu anapeza bokosi lalikulu lamatabwa m'bwalo la sitima ya St. Petersburg-Sevastopol. Mkati mwake munali mkango wa ku Africa wa miyezi khumi. Mwiniwakeyo anali m’ngolo yotsatira. Analibe chikalata chimodzi chokhudza nyama yolusayo. Chochititsa chidwi n’chakuti wozembetsa katunduyo anakhutiritsa otsogolerawo kuti anali “galu wamkulu chabe.”
Zolusa zimachotsedwa ku Russia osati ndi njanji. Kotero, miyezi ingapo yapitayo, mkango wazaka zitatu Naomi ndi Ussuri tiger cub Radzha wa miyezi isanu - tsopano okhala ku zoo ya Tula - pafupifupi anatha ku Belarus. Galimoto ina yomwe inali ndi nyama inayesa kudutsa m’malire. Dalaivala wagalimotoyo anali ndi ziphaso zachinyama amphaka, koma panalibe chilolezo chapadera chotumizira ziweto zomwe sizipezeka.
Aleksey Vaysman wakhala akulimbana ndi vuto la kuzembetsa nyama kwa zaka zoposa 15. Iye ndi wogwirizira pulogalamu yofufuza za nyama zakuthengo ya TRAFFIC. Iyi ndi pulojekiti yogwirizana ya World Wildlife Fund (WWF) ndi World Conservation Union (IUCN). Ntchito ya TRAFFIC ndikuyang'anira malonda a nyama zakutchire ndi zomera. Alexei akudziwa ndendende "chinthu" chofunika kwambiri mu Russia ndi kunja. Zikuoneka kuti zikwi za nyama osowa amasamutsidwa kudutsa malire a Russian Federation chaka chilichonse. Kugwidwa kwawo kumachitika, monga lamulo, ku Southeast Asia, Africa ndi Latin America.
Zinkhwe, zokwawa ndi anyani amabweretsedwa ku Russia, ndipo amatumizidwa kunja falcons (gyrfalcons, peregrine falcons, saker falcons), olembedwa mu Red Book. Mbalamezi zimakondedwa kwambiri ku Arab East. Kumeneko amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati falconry. Mtengo wa munthu mmodzi ukhoza kufika madola zikwi mazana angapo.
Mwachitsanzo, mu Seputembala 2009, kuyesa kunyamula nkhanu zisanu ndi zitatu zosawerengeka kudutsa malire kunayimitsidwa pa kasitomu ku Domodedovo. Pamene idakhazikitsidwa, mbalamezi zinali kukonzekera kutumizidwa ku Doha. Anayikidwa pakati pa mabotolo a ayezi m'matumba awiri a masewera; mkhalidwe wa mphako unali woipa. Akuluakulu a kasitomu adapereka mbalamezi ku Center for Rescue of Wild Animals pafupi ndi Moscow. Atakhala kwaokha kwa masiku 20, nkhonozo zinatulutsidwa. Mbalamezi zinali ndi mwayi, koma zina zonse, zomwe sizinapezeke, sizinali zamwayi: iwo amamwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, atakulungidwa ndi tepi, pakamwa pawo ndi maso awo amasokedwa. N'zoonekeratu kuti sipangakhale nkhani iliyonse chakudya ndi madzi. Onjezani ku izi kupsinjika kwamphamvu kwambiri - ndipo timafa kwambiri.
Akuluakulu a kasitomu akufotokoza chifukwa chake ozembetsa zinthu mozemba samawopa kutaya zina mwa “katundu”: amalipira ndalama zoterozo kaamba ka zamoyo zosoŵa kwambiri moti ngakhale kope limodzi lokha litapulumuka, lidzalipira gulu lonselo. Ogwira, onyamula, ogulitsa - zonsezi zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kosasinthika kwachilengedwe.
Kulakalaka anthu olowa nawo phindu kumabweretsa kutha kwa mitundu yosowa.
“Tsoka ilo, kufewa kwa malamulo athu sikumatilola kuthana mokwanira ndi kuzembetsa nyama. Ku Russia, palibe nkhani ina yomwe ingalankhule za izi, "atero Alexander Karelin, woyang'anira boma wa Federal Customs Service.
Akufotokoza kuti oimira zinyama amafanana ndi katundu wamba. Mutha kuyambitsa mlandu pokhapokha mu Article 188 ya Criminal Code of the Russian Federation "Smuggling", ngati zitsimikiziridwa kuti mtengo wa "katundu wamoyo" umaposa ma ruble 250.
"Monga lamulo, mtengo wa "katundu" sudutsa kuchuluka uku, kotero ozembetsa amatsika ndi chindapusa chochepa cha 20-30 rubles chifukwa chosalengeza komanso kuchitira nkhanza nyama," akutero.
Koma kodi mungadziwe bwanji kuti chiweto chingawononge ndalama zingati? Iyi si galimoto yomwe ili ndi mtengo wake.
Alexey Vaysman adalongosola momwe chitsanzo chimawunikiridwa. Malinga ndi iye, Federal Customs Service ikufunsira ku World Wildlife Fund ndi pempho lofuna kudziwa mtengo wa nyamayo. Vuto ndiloti palibe mitengo yovomerezeka yovomerezeka ya mitundu yosowa, ndipo chiwerengerocho chimaperekedwa pamaziko a kuyang'anira "msika wakuda" ndi intaneti.
“Loya wa wozengedwa mlandu akupereka ziphaso zake kukhoti ndipo amafufuza m’chinenero chachilendo kuti chinyamacho n’chokwana madola ochepa okha. Ndipo khothi lasankha kale yemwe angakhulupirire - ife kapena pepala lina la Gabon kapena Cameroon. Zochita zimasonyeza kuti khoti nthawi zambiri limakhulupirira maloya,” akutero Weissman.
Malinga ndi oimira Wildlife Fund, ndizotheka kukonza vutoli. M'nkhani 188 ya Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, "kuzembetsa" kuyenera kuperekedwa mumzere wosiyana ngati chilango choyendetsa nyama mopanda chilolezo, monga momwe zimachitikira pa mankhwala ndi zida. Chilango cholimba sichimangofunidwa ndi Wildlife Fund, komanso Rosprirodnadzor.
Kuzindikira ndi kulanda "kuzembetsa anthu" akadali theka lavuto, pambuyo pake nyamazo ziyenera kusungidwa kwinakwake. Ndikosavuta kuti nkhandwe zipeze pogona, chifukwa pakadutsa masiku 20-30 zimatha kumasulidwa kale kumalo awo achilengedwe. Ndi mitundu yachilendo, yokonda kutentha, ndizovuta kwambiri. Ku Russia, kulibe pafupifupi malo apadera aboma owonetsa nyama.
“Tikuzungulira momwe tingathere. Palibe poyika nyama zolandidwa. Kudzera ku Rosprirodnadzor timapeza malo ena osungiramo nyama, nthawi zina malo osungiramo nyama amakumana pakati, "akufotokoza Alexander Karelin, woyang'anira boma wa Federal Customs Service.
Akuluakulu, oyang'anira zachilengedwe ndi Federal Customs Service amavomereza kuti ku Russia palibe ulamuliro pa kayendedwe ka nyama mkati, palibe malamulo oyendetsa malonda a zamoyo zomwe siziri mbadwa zolembedwa mu CITES. M’dziko muno mulibe lamulo loti nyama zilandidwe zikadutsa malire. Ngati munatha kudutsa pamilandu, ndiye kuti makope otumizidwa kunja akhoza kugulitsidwa ndi kugulidwa kwaulere. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, ogulitsa "katundu wamoyo" amamva kuti alibe chilango.