Chifukwa chiyani Jain samadya mbatata, anyezi, adyo ndi masamba ena amizu? Chifukwa chiyani Jain sadya dzuwa likamalowa? Chifukwa chiyani amangomwa madzi osefa?
Awa ndi ena mwa mafunso amene amabuka pokamba za Chijaini, ndipo m’nkhani ino tiyesetsa kumveketsa bwino za moyo wa Jain.
Kudya zamasamba za Jain ndiye chakudya chokhazikika kwambiri chachipembedzo ku India subcontinent.
Kukana kwa Ajain kudya nyama ndi nsomba kumazikidwa pa mfundo yosachita zachiwawa ( ahinsa, kwenikweni “osavulaza”). Zochita zilizonse zamunthu zomwe zimachirikiza mwachindunji kapena mwanjira ina kupha kapena kuvulaza zimatengedwa ngati hinsa ndipo zimatsogolera ku karma yoyipa. Cholinga cha Ahima ndikuletsa kuwonongeka kwa karma.
Mlingo womwe cholingachi chimawonedwa umasiyanasiyana pakati pa Ahindu, Abuda ndi Jain. Pakati pa a Jain, mfundo yosagwirizana ndi chiwawa imatengedwa kuti ndiyo ntchito yofunika kwambiri yachipembedzo kwa onse - ahinsā paramo dharmaḥ - monga momwe analembedwera pa akachisi a Jani. Mfundo imeneyi ndi yofunika kuti amasulidwe ku kubadwanso mwatsopano, ndicho cholinga chachikulu cha gulu la Jain. Ahindu ndi Abuda ali ndi zikhulupiriro zofanana, koma njira ya Jain ndiyokhwima kwambiri komanso yophatikiza.
Chomwe chimasiyanitsa Chijain ndi njira zosamala zomwe kusachita chiwawa kumagwiritsidwa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku, makamaka pazakudya. Mchitidwe wosamalitsa wakusadya zamasamba woterewu uli ndi zotsatirapo za kudzimana, zomwe Ajaini ali ndi thayo kwa anthu wamba monga momwe zimakhalira kwa amonke.
Vegetarianism kwa Jain ndi sine qua non. Chakudya chomwe chili ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta matupi a nyama zakufa kapena mazira ndizosavomerezeka. Omenyera ufulu wa Jain akutsamira ku veganism, chifukwa kupanga mkaka kumakhudzanso nkhanza kwa ng'ombe.
Ajaini amasamala kuti asavulaze ngakhale tizilombo tating'ono, poganizira zovulaza zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kusasamala kuti ndi zolakwa komanso zovulaza mwadala. Amavala mabandeji opyapyala kuti asameze ntchentche, amayesetsa kwambiri kuonetsetsa kuti palibe nyama ing’onoing’ono imene ikuvulazidwa pakudya ndi kumwa.
Mwamwambo, Jain sankaloledwa kumwa madzi osasefera. Kale, pamene zitsime zinali gwero la madzi, nsalu inkasefa, ndipo tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tinkayenera kubwereranso m’thawelo. Masiku ano mchitidwewu wotchedwa "jivani" kapena "bilchhavani" sugwiritsidwa ntchito chifukwa cha kubwera kwa njira zoperekera madzi.
Ngakhale lero, Jain ena akupitiriza kusefa madzi m'mabotolo ogulidwa a madzi amchere.
Jains amayesetsa kuti asawononge zomera, ndipo pali malangizo apadera a izi. Mizu yamasamba monga mbatata ndi anyezi sayenera kudyedwa chifukwa izi zimawononga mmera komanso chifukwa mizu imawonedwa ngati yamoyo yomwe imatha kumera. Zipatso zomwe zimazulidwa pakanthawi kochepa ndizomwe zimadyedwa.
Ndikoletsedwa kudya uchi, chifukwa kusonkhanitsa kumaphatikizapo chiwawa kwa njuchi.
Simungathe kudya chakudya chomwe chayamba kuwonongeka.
Mwachikhalidwe, kuphika usiku ndikoletsedwa, chifukwa tizilombo timakopeka ndi moto ndipo tikhoza kufa. N’chifukwa chake anthu amene amatsatira kwambiri Chijain amalumbira kuti sadzadya dzuŵa likamalowa.
Jain samadya chakudya chomwe chinaphikidwa dzulo, chifukwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (mabakiteriya, yisiti) timakula mmenemo usiku wonse. Amatha kudya zakudya zomwe zakonzedwa kumene.
Ajaini sadya zakudya zofufumitsa (moŵa, vinyo, ndi mizimu ina) pofuna kupewa kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timene timatulutsa.
Panthawi yosala kudya mu kalendala yachipembedzo "Panchang" simungadye masamba obiriwira (omwe ali ndi chlorophyll), monga therere, saladi zamasamba ndi zina.
M’madera ambiri a ku India, kusadya zamasamba kwasonkhezeredwa kwambiri ndi Chijain:
- Zakudya za Gujarati
- Zakudya za Marwari zaku Rajasthan
- Zakudya zaku Central India
- Agrawal Kitchen Delhi
Ku India, zakudya zamasamba ndizopezeka paliponse ndipo malo odyera zamasamba ndi otchuka kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, maswiti odziwika a Ghantewala ku Delhi ndi Jamna Mithya ku Sagar amayendetsedwa ndi Jain. Malo odyera angapo aku India amapereka mtundu wapadera wa Jain wachakudya wopanda kaloti, mbatata, anyezi kapena adyo. Ndege zina zimapatsa Jain chakudya chamasamba akachipempha kale. Mawu akuti "satvika" nthawi zambiri amatanthauza zakudya zaku India zopanda anyezi ndi adyo, ngakhale zakudya zokhwima za Jain siziphatikiza masamba ena monga mbatata.
Zakudya zina, monga Rajasthani gatte ki sabzi, adapangidwa mwapadera kuti azichitira zikondwerero zomwe masamba obiriwira ayenera kupewedwa ndi a Jain a Orthodox.