Chiwindi

Kufotokozera

Chiwindi ndi mtundu wa mankhwala omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe ake komanso zofunikira zamoyo. Chiwindi ndi cha zakudya zabwino komanso zamankhwala. Mapangidwe a nsalu, kukoma kwenikweni, kumasuka kwa kulekanitsa kwa michere kuchokera ku stroma kumapangitsa kuti mankhwalawa akhale maziko osasinthika pokonzekera ma pate ndi masoseji a chiwindi.

Mapuloteni m'chiwindi amakhala ndi kuchuluka kofanana ndi ng'ombe ya ng'ombe, koma ponena za khalidwe, mapuloteniwa ndi osiyana kwambiri. Mbali yaikulu ya chiwindi ndi kukhalapo kwa mapuloteni achitsulo m'mapangidwe ake. Puloteni yayikulu yachitsulo m'chiwindi, ferritin, imakhala ndi chitsulo choposa 20%. Zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakupanga hemoglobin ndi mitundu ina yamagazi.

M'chiwindi muli madzi ambiri, choncho amawonongeka msanga. Asanayambe kuphika, ayenera kufufuzidwa mosamala, zinthu zonse zosadalirika ziyenera kuwonongedwa mopanda chifundo. Chiwindi chidzakhala chofewa makamaka mukachisunga mumkaka kwakanthawi musanaphike. Mphindi ziwiri kapena zitatu zowotcha chiwindi cha ng'ombe zimawononga kukoma kwake ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yolimba komanso yowuma.

Pamaso kutentha mankhwala, chiwindi ayenera kumasulidwa ku ndulu ducts ndi mafilimu ndi kuchapa bwinobwino. Chiwindi cha nkhumba chimadziwika ndi kuwawa pang'ono.

Mitundu ya chiwindi

Ganizirani mitundu ya chiwindi ndi ubwino wa chiwindi payokha. Nsomba zothandiza kwambiri ndi chiwindi cha cod. Phindu lake ndikuti limatithandiza kukhalabe ndi masomphenya chifukwa cha vitamini A yomwe ili mmenemo. Vitamini A imasunganso mkhalidwe wabwino wa tsitsi lathu, mano, khungu, imakhala ndi chitetezo chamthupi ndipo imapangitsa chidwi chathu ndi malingaliro athu kukhala abwino. Kuchuluka kwa vitamini D komwe kuli m'chiwindi cha cod ndi kwakukulu kwambiri, kokha mu mafuta a nsomba.

Kod chiwindi

Mafuta a chiwindi a Cod amathandiza amayi apakati. Chifukwa cha kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa chiwindi cha cod ndi mayi wapakati, mwana amakulitsa chitetezo chokwanira ku matenda osiyanasiyana. Ngakhale kuti zopatsa mphamvu zama calorie za cod ndizokwera katatu kuposa zopatsa mphamvu za sturgeon, madotolo am'mbuyomu adachiritsa mtima ndi cod caviar ndi chiwindi, komanso kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi ndi sturgeon caviar.

Zopatsa mphamvu zama calorie a chiwindi cha cod zamzitini ndi 613 kcal pa 100 g yazinthu.

Ng'ombe ya chiwindi

Ubwino wa chiwindi cha ng'ombe. Chiwindi cha ng'ombe chilinso ndi mavitamini B ndi A, chimathandiza pa matenda monga matenda a impso, matenda opatsirana, kuvulala kosiyanasiyana ndi kutentha, matenda apakati pa mitsempha, kuteteza matenda a myocardial infarction. Zakudya za chiwindi za ng'ombe zimathandizanso komanso zimalimbikitsa kusinthika kwa hemoglobin, kuonjezera chitetezo chokwanira.

Ma calorie a chiwindi cha ng'ombe ndi 100 kcal pa 100 g yazinthu.

Chiwindi cha nkhuku

Chiwindi cha nkhuku chimakhala ndi folate yambiri, yomwe imakhala yopindulitsa pakupanga ndi kukonza ma circulation ndi chitetezo chathu cha mthupi. Kuchuluka kwa folic acid kumachepa kwambiri ndikumwa mowa pafupipafupi.

Kupindula kwa chiwindi

M'magulu ena, pali lingaliro lakuti chiwindi sichiyenera kudyedwa chifukwa magazi amasefedwa, ndipo, motero, chiwindi ndi "chiwalo" chonyansa. Ndipotu izi sizili choncho, ndipo chiwindi ndi chothandiza kwambiri.

Ubwino wa chiwindi ndi wosiyanasiyana, makamaka chifukwa timadya chiwindi cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyama, mbalame ndi nsomba, mwachitsanzo, chiwindi cha ng'ombe, chiwindi cha cod, chiwindi cha nkhuku. Popeza chiwindi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakuphika kwathu (chiwindi cha chiwindi, chiwindi chokazinga, chiwindi chophika, chiwindi ndi bowa, chiwindi ndi msuzi, ndi zina zotero), ndi bwino kuphunzira za zopindulitsa za mankhwalawa. Choncho, ubwino wa chiwindi.

Choyamba, chiwindi chimathandiza chifukwa chimakhala ndi mchere wambiri (chitsulo, mkuwa, calcium, zinki, sodium, etc.), mavitamini (A, B, C, B6, B12, etc.), amino acid (tryptophan, lysine). , methionine), kupatsidwa folic acid, ndi zina zotero.

Kachiwiri, phindu la chiwindi ndikuti gawo limodzi lokha la chiwindi limapereka zofunikira za tsiku ndi tsiku za mavitamini ambiri.

Chachitatu, chiwindi ndi zothandiza kwa amayi apakati, ana, zidakwa, komanso odwala atherosclerosis ndi shuga.

Chachinayi, chinthu chomwe chili m'chiwindi - heparin, chimapangitsa kuti magazi aziundana bwino, zomwe zimathandiza kwambiri popewa matenda a myocardial infarction.

Chachisanu, ubwino wa chiwindi ndi kukhalapo kwa vitamini A, yomwe imathandiza kuchiza matenda a mkodzo.

Kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi

Komabe, tisaiwale kuti muyenera kudziwa za kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi, zomwe zingayambitse matupi athu. Chowonadi ndi chakuti chiwindi chimakhala ndi zinthu zowonjezera, monga keratin, zomwe siziyenera kudyedwa ukalamba. Itha kuwononganso chiwindi cha chimbalangondo cha polar, chifukwa imakhala ndi vitamini A wambiri, womwe wochulukirapo m'thupi mwake ndi wodzaza ndi poizoni.

Chiwindi kapangidwe

Kapangidwe ndi kalori okhutira

Chiwindi chili ndi:

• madzi (70%);
• mapuloteni (18%);
• mafuta (2-4%);
• chakudya (5%);
• keratin;
• heparin;
• zowonjezera;
• amino zidulo: lysine, methionine, tryptophan, thiamine;
• mavitamini: A, B1, B2, B6, B9, B12, C, D, E, K;
• magnesium;
• chitsulo;
• sodium;
• nthaka;
• calcium;
• potaziyamu;
• selenium;
• phosphorous;
• mkuwa;
• ayodini;
• fluorite;
• chromium.
• Mphamvu yamphamvu (zopatsa mphamvu) ya chiwindi cha ng'ombe ndi 100-127 kcal pa 100 magalamu.

Chiwindi cha Stroganoff

Zosakaniza:

• (Magawo 3-4)
• 600 g nyama yankhumba
• 2 tomato
• 1 anyezi
• 2 tbsp ufa wa ngano
• 100 ml. kirimu wowawasa kapena kirimu
• Galasi limodzi lamadzi
• masamba mafuta Frying
• zouma kapena katsabola watsopano
• mchere, tsabola, Bay leaf
• masamba okongoletsa

Kukonzekera

1. Timayamba kuphika chiwindi mu kalembedwe ka Stroganoff, ndithudi, ndi chiwindi chokha. Chiwindi chingagwiritsidwe ntchito, nkhumba, nkhosa kapena ng'ombe. Inde, ndikupangira ng'ombe. Ndiwokoma, wofewa, komanso wathanzi, popeza uli ndi pafupifupi mavitamini onse ofunikira kwa munthu.
2. Chiwindi chiyenera kutsukidwa bwino kuchokera m'magazi, ndi kudula mu zidutswa zazikulu. Zidzakhala zosavuta kuchotsa mafilimu akunja kwa iwo ndikudula ma ducts a bile. Ngati izi sizichitika, ndiye kuti magawo ena a Stroganoff adzakhala ovuta kutafuna.
3. Kenako, chiwindi choyeretsedwa chimadulidwa mu magawo ang'onoang'ono. Izi siziyenera kukhala ma cubes (popeza sizingawotchere bwino), koma mbale kapena udzu wautali wa 3-5 cm ndi pafupifupi 1 cm wandiweyani.
4. Pambuyo pokonzekera chiwindi, timapita ku gawo la ndiwo zamasamba. Peel anyezi, sambani, mudule mphete zatheka. Tomato wanga, kudula pakati, kuchotsa phesi, ndiye kudula theka mu cubes lalikulu.
5. Gawo lokonzekera latha, kotero timapitiriza kukazinga chiwindi. Timachita izi pa kutentha kwakukulu kwa mphindi 5-6, ndikuyambitsa zonse zomwe zili mu poto. Moto wamphamvu umafunika kuti crispy kutumphuka kupangike mwachangu pazidutswa za chiwindi, zomwe zimalepheretsa madzi a nyama kutuluka. Choncho, zidutswa za chiwindi zidzakhala zowutsa mudyo komanso zokoma mkati.
6. Pambuyo pa chiwindi chokazinga, onjezerani anyezi odulidwa ndi tomato ku poto. Chepetsani kutentha mpaka pakati ndikuphika chiwindi ndi ndiwo zamasamba pamodzi. Timachita izi chimodzimodzi kwa mphindi 4-5, ndikuyambitsa nthawi zonse mpaka kuwoneka kwa madzi a masamba, omwe adzakhala maziko a gravy yamtsogolo.
7. Madzi akatulutsidwa, tsanulirani supuni ziwiri za ufa pamwamba pa kusakaniza kwa hepato-masamba. Izi ziyenera kuchitika m'njira yoti ufa ugawidwe mochepa kwambiri pamtunda wonse wa mbaleyo, ndipo palibe chomwe chimapanga mulu womwe ukhoza kusanduka mtanda umodzi wandiweyani.
8. Thirani 100 ml mu poto mutangotha ​​ufa. kirimu wowawasa kapena kirimu. Kenako sakanizani zonse zosakaniza.
9. Mukayambitsa, onjezerani kapu yamadzi akumwa abwino (250 ml) mu poto yokazinga ndikusakaniza chiwindi chathu chamtsogolo mumayendedwe a Stroganoff.
   kapu yamadzi
10. Tsopano ndi nthawi ya mchere ndi zonunkhira. Pazosakaniza izi, nthawi zambiri ndimayika supuni imodzi ya mchere, supuni 1 ya katsabola wouma, 1/1 supuni ya supuni ya tsabola wakuda pansi, masamba anayi akuluakulu a bay.
11. Izi, titero, zomwe banja langa limakonda, koma mayi aliyense wapakhomo ayenera kulawa yekha mbaleyo ndikusintha kuchuluka kwa mchere ndi zonunkhira kuti azikonda.
12. Inde, ndinayiwalatu, ngati m'malo mwa katsabola wouma mumagwiritsa ntchito katsabola watsopano, ndiye musazengereze, mukhoza kuikapo kuposa supuni ya tiyi. Simungawononge chiwindi cha Stroganoff ndi katsabola.
13. Pambuyo podzaza zosakaniza zonse ndikusakaniza, kuphimba poto ndi chivindikiro ndikuyimira chiwindi cha Stroganoff pamoto wochepa kwa mphindi 8-10.
14. Pambuyo pa nthawiyi, mbaleyo ndi yokonzeka. Timangoyenera kuziyika pa mbale, kuwaza ndi zitsamba zodulidwa kapena kukongoletsa ndi nthambi zosiyana. Chilichonse chikhoza kukhala chakudya cham'mbali cha chiwindi mumayendedwe a Stroganoff: phala la buckwheat, pasitala, mbatata yosenda, ndi mbatata yophika.