Zamkatimu
Kufotokozera
Longan ndi chipatso chokoma chachilendo, chodziwika kwa aliyense yemwe adapita ku Asia kamodzi. Pansi pa khungu lowoneka ngati la nondescript, pali zamkati zonunkhira komanso zoyengedwa bwino: chipatsochi sichimasiya aliyense wosayanjanitsika. Bhonasi yowonjezera ndi kapangidwe kodzaza ndi zinthu zothandiza m'thupi, zomwe zimatha kupereka zovuta ku zipatso zambiri zodziwika bwino.
Pali mitundu iwiri ya chiyambi cha longan: chiyambi cha chipatso chikhoza kukhala China kapena Burma. Kutchulidwa koyamba kwake kunayambira mu 200 BC. Panthaŵiyo, m’chigawo cha China cha Shenxing, wolamulira wa fuko la Han analinganiza kubzala minda ya zipatso yokongola.
Pazipatso zonse zomwe ankadziwa, anasankha zabwino kwambiri - longan ndi lychee, koma sizinakhazikike m'nyengo yozizira ya kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa dzikolo.
Komabe, m'madera otentha akumwera kwa China ku Guangdong ndi Fujian, komwe kumakhala nyengo yotentha, zipatso zimacha bwino: dzikolo ndilogulitsa kunja. Salinso otchuka ku Thailand, komwe amatchedwa lamayaj (Lam Yai). Mitengo ya zipatsoyi imapezeka ku Cambodia, Indonesia, Vietnam, India, Malaysia, Laos, Philippines, Sri Lanka, ndi Taiwan.
Kalelo m'zaka za zana la 19, Longan adachotsedwa ku Asia. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, wakhala akulimidwa bwino ku Australia, Puerto Rico, ndi pachilumba cha Mauritius. Koma ku Florida ndi madera ena otentha ku United States, mbewuyo sinapezeke kutchuka pakati pa alimi ndi alimi, kotero simudzapeza minda yayikulu m'derali.
Longan Season
Zipatso za Longan zimapsa pamitengo yobiriwira. Mbewu imakololedwa kamodzi pachaka: ku Thailand ndi maiko ena akumwera chakum'mawa, nsonga ya fruiting imapezeka m'chilimwe, kuyambira June mpaka August. Komabe, kusiyanasiyana kwanyengo kumalola kukolola chaka chonse m’madera osiyanasiyana a derali.
Pachifukwa ichi, chipatsocho chikhoza kupezeka pamasitolo akuluakulu nthawi iliyonse pachaka.
Popeza zipatso zakupsa zimasungidwa kwa masiku osapitirira mlungu umodzi ngakhale m’firiji, zimakololedwa zosapsa pang’ono kuti zitumizidwe kunja. Izi sizikhudza kukoma kwa chipatsocho, m'malo mwake, kuti tiwongolere kukoma, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti musadye kale kuposa masiku 1-2 mutakolola.
Zikuwoneka bwanji
Longan imamera pamitengo ya dzina lomwelo, kutalika kwake komwe ndi 10-12 m, koma zitsanzo zina zimatha kufika 40 m. Mawonekedwe awo ndi korona wobiriwira, wandiweyani wobiriwira, womwe umatha kukula mpaka 14 m mulifupi. Khungwa la mtengowo ndi lokhwinyata, lolimba komanso lokhuthala, loderapo.
Chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimakopa anthu ku chomera ichi ndi zipatso zake. Amapsa panthambi m'magulu ofanana ndi mphesa. Kukula kwa chipatsocho ndi kakang'ono - pafupifupi 2-2.5 masentimita awiri: amawoneka ngati mphesa zazikulu kapena mtedza. Zipatsozo zimakutidwa ndi khungu lolimba, lolimba, lolimba, mtundu wake, malingana ndi mitundu, ukhoza kukhala wachikasu, beige wowala kapena bulauni.
Pansi pa khungu losadyeka, pali zoyera zoyera kapena zofiirira pang'ono, zomwe zimakumbutsa odzola mosasinthasintha: ndizomwe zimadyedwa. Chipatsocho chimakhala ndi kukoma kwapadera komwe sikusiyana ndi china chilichonse, chomwe chimaphatikiza kutsekemera kwa vwende, kutsitsimuka kwa kiwi ndi kukoma kwa mabulosi. Chinthu chapadera ndi fungo lowala la musky.
Longan ndi wotsekemera pang'ono kuposa wachibale wake wapamtima, lychee, koma wotsekemera kwambiri. Zipatso zina zofananira ndi rambutan ndi Spanish laimu.
Pansi pa zamkati pali fupa lozungulira kapena oblong, mtundu wake ukhoza kukhala wakuda kapena wofiira pang'ono. Sizingadyedwe chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa tannins ndi sapotin. Komabe, mbewu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mankhwala, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu cosmetology ndi mankhwala owerengeka.
Dzina Longa
Longan amadziwika kuti "diso la chinjoka": uku ndiko kumasulira kwa mawu achi China akuti longyan. Nthano yakale yokhudzana ndi mnyamata wina dzina lake Longan, yemwe adaganiza zochotsa chinjoka choyipa m'mudzi wonse, amagwirizanitsidwa ndi maonekedwe ake. Nthanoyo imanena kuti adadzipereka kuti akagone m'mphepete mwa nyanja momwe chinjokacho chinatulukamo, mitembo ya ng'ombe zoviikidwa mu vinyo wa mpunga. Chilombocho chinayesedwa ndi zopereka, koma chidaledzera ndipo mwamsanga chinagona.
Kenako Longan wolimba mtima analasa diso limodzi ndi mkondo n’kupyoza wina ndi mpeni. Koma ngakhale chilombo chakhungucho chinalowa m’nkhondo yoopsa imene inatenga usiku wonse. M’mawa, anthu a m’mudzimo anaona chinjoka chogonjetsedwacho, koma mnyamata wolimba mtima uja anali atafanso. Posakhalitsa mtengo unamera pamanda ake, ukubala zipatso zooneka ngati zotyoledwa ndi maso a chilombocho.
Pali zoona zenizeni mu nthano imeneyi. Mukalekanitsa theka la zipatso za zipatso, fupa lalikulu lakuda lomwe latsala mu gawo lachiwirilo lidzafanana ndi mwana wa chilombo.
Phindu la Longan
Kuchuluka kwa mavitamini, mchere, ma amino acid ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimapangitsa Longan kukhala ndi thanzi labwino. Kafukufuku wina waposachedwapa wasonyeza kusintha kwakukulu kwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la chiwindi ndi ziwalo zina zamkati, zomwe zinachitika pambuyo podya chipatso ichi.
- Kumawonjezera chitetezo chokwanira ndi kamvekedwe, kumapereka mphamvu, kumalimbana ndi mphwayi, kusowa tulo ndi kukwiya, kumachepetsa zizindikiro za kutopa.
- Chifukwa cha chitsulo, amaperekedwa kwa kuchepa kwa magazi.
- Mu wowerengeka mankhwala ntchito ngati anthelmintic.
- Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popewa khansa komanso panthawi ya chemotherapy.
Contraindications
The bwino zikuchokera ndi kusowa kwa poizoni zigawo zikuluzikulu mu izo kupanga ntchito longan mwamtheradi otetezeka. Choopsa chokhacho ndi kusalolera kwa munthu payekha, zomwe zingayambitse ziwengo. Pachifukwa ichi, simuyenera kupereka kwa ana osakwana zaka zitatu, komanso kuyandikira chipatsocho mosamala: musadye zipatso zopitirira 6-8 kwa nthawi yoyamba.
Kuonjezera apo, longan imakhala ndi mankhwala ofewetsa thukuta, choncho anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la m'mimba ayenera kudya moyenera. Monga ma exotics onse, longan sichidziwika kwa munthu wa ku Ulaya, zomwe zingayambitse mavuto omwewo mukamadya zipatso mukuyenda.
Momwe mungasankhire Longan
M'mayiko aku Asia, longan imapezeka pamasitolo akuluakulu ndi mashelufu a sitolo chaka chonse. Ndizosatheka kudziwa ngati chipatsocho chapsa kapena ayi, ndikofunikira kutenga zipatso zingapo ngati chitsanzo. Ngati ali ndi kukoma kowawasa, chipatsocho chikadali "chobiriwira": mukhoza kusankha gulu lina kapena kusiya zipatso zosapsa kwa masiku 1-2 m'malo otentha, ndiyeno mudye. Muyeneranso kulabadira peel. Ziyenera kukhala zamtundu umodzi, zopanda madontho, zowola, ming'alu ndi kuwonongeka.
Kuphika mapulogalamu
Pachikhalidwe, chipatso chokoma ichi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito muzakudya ndi zakumwa: kuwonjezeredwa ku cocktails, ayisikilimu, mousses, makeke. Ku Asia, mkaka wa kokonati ndi supu ya longan kapena phala la mpunga wokoma ndi kuwonjezera kwa chipatsochi ndi chodziwika.
Ndikoyenera kudziwa zakumwa zotsitsimula zachikhalidwe, zomwe zimakhala ndi tonic komanso zotsitsimula. Kukonzekera kwake, zamkati zophika zimaphika mumadzi a shuga ndikutsanulira madzi.
Njira yosangalatsa yowumitsa longan. Kuti tichite izi, zamkati zimaphimbidwa ndi madzi, kenako zimayikidwa padzuwa, mu chowumitsira kapena uvuni kwa maola angapo. Zotsatira zake zimakhala zopatsa mphamvu kwambiri - pafupifupi 250 kcal, koma ngakhale zipatso zouma zotsekemera zomwe zimakoma ngati zoumba. Nthawi zambiri amawonjezeredwa ku saladi kapena ngati zokometsera mpunga, nsomba, kapena mbale za nyama.
Exotic Longan ndi chakudya chachikhalidwe cha ku Asia chomwe sichipezeka kawirikawiri m'masitolo akuluakulu. Komabe, kukoma kwake kwakukulu ndi kuchuluka kwa zakudya kumapangitsa chipatso kukhala mlendo wolandiridwa muzakudya za munthu aliyense, mosasamala kanthu za nyengo.