Ku funso la edibility ya bowa: subtleties za tanthauzo

Chilakolako cha "kusaka mwakachetechete" chimagwedezeka m'mafunde, kutsimikizira mbiri yakale. M'chikumbukiro changa munali "mafunde" awiri otere: m'zaka za makumi asanu ndi awiri, pamene anzeru adatembenukiranso "nkhope ku chilengedwe", mukukumbukira? Cacti wamkulu pamawindo, kuyenda m'nkhalango, "zakudya zachilengedwe", "shuga - imfa yoyera", yoga, zonsezo. Ndipo chakumapeto kwa zaka makumi asanu ndi atatu - kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma nineties, chifukwa cha kusowa kwakukulu, mashelufu opanda kanthu m'masitolo ogulitsa zakudya komanso kugawira misewu ya minda ya masamba, "bowa m'malo mwa nyama", "msipu udzapulumutsa dziko" ndi ndalama zina za perestroika.

Ndipo tsopano, tikukumana ndi mafunde ena otere.

Kuyenda m'nkhalango ndithudi ndi ntchito yothandiza: mpweya wabwino, kutenthetsa mafupa, kupumula kuchokera ku polojekiti. Ndipo ngati tipita kunkhalango osati ndi theka la lita, koma ndi dengu la bowa - izi ndizabwino kwambiri! Kuyang'ana mosamala kuti muwone ngati bowa wabisala kwinakwake ndi zothandiza kwambiri kwa maso otopa ndi kuonera TV, ndi kupendekera ndi kugwa kuti apeze ndizothandiza kumbuyo ndi miyendo.

Chotsatira ndi chiyani? Anatola bowa, ndipo? "Kutenthedwa mwachangu ndi makumi asanu"?

Pa edible wa bowa

Kapena kuyesa kulingalira zomwe tili nazo mudengu?

Eh, chabwino tsopano! M'zaka makumi asanu ndi awiri zomwe tatchulazi, zinali zotheka kukambirana ndi agogo pakhomo, chabwino, mwinamwake pa foni. M'zaka za makumi asanu ndi anayi, omwe anali apamwamba kwambiri amatha kufunsa anzawo a FIDO, ena onse adalangizidwa ndi agogo omwewo pakhomo. Ndipo tsopano chinachake! Kukongola kupita patsogolo! Pafupifupi aliyense ali ndi mafoni am'manja okhala ndi kamera, clack-clack, ndi netiweki, kuti awathandize kudziwa. Ndipo funso lamuyaya: "Kodi ndingadye?"

Koma kwenikweni, mungadye chiyani ndi zomwe simuyenera kudya?

Tiyeni tiyese kuzilingalira mfundo ndi mfundo. Koma choyamba, malamulo atatu osavuta

Lamulo nambala kuchotsera wani:

Osatsimikiza, osakhudza.

Ndiko kulondola, "musakhudze", osati "musatenge." Chifukwa pali mitundu ingapo ya bowa wakupha wakupha, momwe chilichonse chimakhala chapoizoni, ngakhale spores. Pamene akunena chakupha chakupha, musatenge izi ngati fanizo, izi ziyenera kutengedwa ngati zenizeni: anthu amafa ndi poizoni wa bowa. Ngati bowa sichidziwika kuti ndi poizoni wakupha, koma amatchulidwa kuti ndi oopsa, simukuyenera kukhala pachiwopsezo: poizoni ndi poizoni, kugunda machitidwe onse, chirichonse sichilipo. Ndipo zotsatira za poyizoni zingakhale zoopsa kwambiri, kuyambira kusagaya chakudya, kutaya madzi m'thupi, kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi ndi impso mpaka kuwonongeka kwa dongosolo lamanjenje, mpaka imfa ngati kuchedwa kufunafuna chithandizo.

Tengani chithunzi cha bowa wosadziwika bwino m'nkhalango, mudzaze ndi ndodo kumbali yake kapena mutembenuzire kuti mutenge chithunzi kuchokera kumbali zosiyanasiyana. Ndipo ndi zokwanira, lolani izo zigone pamenepo.

Lamulo nambala ziro:

Ife sitiri ma telepaths.

Inde, gulu labwino kwambiri lalowera ku WikiMushroom. Inde, timayesetsa kuzindikira bowa molondola momwe tingathere. Koma timangowona zithunzi. Sitinawone bowa "moyo", tili ndi zithunzi zokha, ndipo zithunzi izi sizikhala zamtundu wabwinobwino. Choncho, kudalirika kwa kutsimikiza sikuli nthawi zonse 100%.

Ndipo ndikhulupirireni ine, iwo adzakuuzani inu chinthu chomwecho pa gwero lililonse pamene pali utumiki ngati kuwombeza chithunzi chizindikiritso. Pamapeto pake, chisankho ndi chanu, werengani zofotokozera zomwe mwasankha, yerekezerani ndi zomwe mwapeza ndikusankha.

Lamulo loyamba:

Mutanthauzo lenileni la bowa, mumakhala ndi chidwi ndi inu nokha, amene mumayika chithunzicho ku "Qualifier". Kuchokera pakulondola kwa kubalana kwamtundu, kuchokera pakuthwa kwa chithunzicho, kuchokera mwatsatanetsatane wa kufotokozera, kaya pali zithunzi zochokera kumbali zosiyanasiyana - zonse zolondola komanso zogwira mtima za kutsimikiza zimadalira mwachindunji pa zonsezi. Ndipo, pamapeto pake, yankho la funso lakuti "kodi n'zotheka kudya?" ndipo, chofunika kwambiri, n'chabwino kudya.

Kutsimikiza kwa bowa ndi chithunzi

Kotero, mudayika chithunzi cha zomwe mwapeza mu bukhuli ndipo adakuyankhani nthawi yomweyo, chithunzi cha bowa ndi dzina. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zikuwonekera nthawi yomweyo. Ndi izi, ndi mivi.

Pa edible wa bowa

Zithunzi zimayikidwa pamwamba pa chithunzi cha bowa. Amatiphunzitsa zambiri! Ngati tanthauzo lawo silikumveka bwino, mutha kusuntha cholozera kwa iwo, lingaliro lidzawoneka. Mu chitsanzo changa, bowa ndi wosadyedwa ndi poizoni. Ndipo dzina lenileni la bowa mu chipikachi ndi ulalo wofotokozera za bowa, ndi zithunzi zowonjezera. Chifukwa chake, sizomveka kufunsa ngati bowa ndi wodyedwa ndikudikirira yankho: ingoyang'anani pazithunzi, tsatirani ulalo ndikuwerenga.

  • chodyedwa
  • zodyedwa mokhazikika
  • osadyedwa
  • woopsa
  • hallucinogenic
  • ochiritsa

Sitidzalankhula za atatu otsiriza: ndi zapoizoni, chirichonse chiri chomveka ndi choncho; za chithandizo cha bowa, ndi bwino kuyang'ana zambiri mu gawo la "Mushroom Medicine" kapena pa malo apadera; ma hallucinogens saloledwa kutsimikiziridwa.

Koma tiyeni tikambirane mwatsatanetsatane atatu oyambirira.

Kodi "Bowa Wodyera" amatanthauza chiyani?

Izi zikutanthauza kuti bowa wotere akhoza kudyedwa. Pokhapokha kuti simuli osagwirizana ndi bowa, ndithudi.

Koma tiyeni tikhale anzeru!

Ngati mutolera chidebe cha azungu, chomwe chimakhala chodziwika bwino komanso chodyedwa, mwachangu zonse mwakamodzi ndikuzidya nthawi imodzi, ndikhulupirireni, zidzaipiraipira.

Timapanga ziganizo:

- bowa wodyedwa amadyedwa pamlingo woyenera

- pokhapokha atasonkhanitsidwa osati pafupi ndi msewu waukulu, osati pafupi ndi zinyalala, osati pa malo osungira ng'ombe zakale - kumbukirani nkhani zowopsya mu kalembedwe "Iwo adalemba azungu enieni ndikudzipha poizoni wa cadaveric"? - chifukwa bowa, monga siponji, amayamwa chilichonse m'nthaka, kuphatikizapo zinthu zomwe sizingagwire ntchito m'mimba.

Chitsanzo ndi bowa mumzinda, pafupi ndi msewu waukulu. Izi siziyenera kudyedwa.

Pa edible wa bowa

- malinga ngati bowa sali m'gawo lomaliza kukalamba ndipo sadyedwa ndi mphutsi.

Chitsanzo, zoyera, zodyedwa ndi mphutsi mopanda chiyembekezo:

Pa edible wa bowa

Hedgehog, yakale komanso yowola kotero kuti singano zake zimawazidwa:

Pa edible wa bowa

N'chifukwa chiyani osafunika kudya bowa wakale?

Funso lotsutsana: mumadya mkate wamtundu wanji? Zatsopano, kapena zakale zokhala ndi fungo loyipa? Mumagula nyama yanji? Ng'ombe ya ng'ombe kapena ya ng'ombe yophedwa chifukwa yalephera kubereka? Kodi mumakonda nkhuku iti? Ana kapena achikulire?

Ndikawona muupangiri chithunzi cha bowa omwe amakhala maola omaliza, pazifukwa zina ndimakumbukira ndimeyi kuchokera ku Dumas, The Three Musketeers:

Nkhuku yosaukayo inali yopyapyala ndipo inali yophimbidwa ndi khungu lokhuthala ndi la bristly lomwe, mosasamala kanthu za kuyesetsa konse, palibe mafupa omwe angaboole; ayenera kuti ankamufunafuna kwa nthawi yaitali, mpaka pamene anamupeza ali pamtunda, kumene anabisala kuti afe mwamtendere chifukwa cha ukalamba.

Zitsanzo za bowa wakale, wakale kwambiri kotero kuti ndizovuta kuzizindikira, tili nazo pansi pa dzina la "zipatso zouma":

Pa edible wa bowa

Pa edible wa bowa

Pa edible wa bowa

Bowa uliwonse, ngakhale wodyedwa kwambiri popanda "choyenera", amaunjikira "zonyansa zamitundu yonse" ndi zaka - kuchokera kumvula, kuchokera kunthaka / nkhuni, ngakhale kuchokera kumlengalenga. Ndipo "matope" awa samatha nthawi zonse atatha kuwira. Bowa akamakula, m'pamenenso amaunjikanamo zinthu zambiri zomwe sizingagwire ntchito m'mimba. Kuonjezera apo, mu zitsanzo zakale, zochitika zachilengedwe za ukalamba ndi kuwonongeka kwa maselo zimayamba.

Mwachitsanzo, chiwindi chakale kwambiri, khungu lakumtunda layamba kale kukhala lakuda, m'mphepete mwawuma, zowola zimawoneka pafupi ndi mwendo:

Pa edible wa bowa

Koma uchi bowa pa msinkhu kwambiri:

Pa edible wa bowa

N'chifukwa chiyani sikuli bwino kudya bowa "wormy"?

Choyamba, ndithudi, funso ndi kuchuluka. Ngati muwona mphutsi imodzi kwinakwake, mutha kukhala ngati simunazindikire. Ngati pali zambiri, ngati simukuwona mabowo okha omwe amadyedwa ndi mphutsi ndi mphutsi, komanso mphutsi zokha, muyenera kuganizira mosamala. Ndipo nthabwala za "bowa wokhala ndi nyama" sizikhalapo nthawi zonse pano, pali mphutsi zambiri zomwe sizikhalanso bowa ndi nyama, koma nyama yokhala ndi bowa.

Osapusitsidwa ndi malangizo akuti "gwirani bowa m'madzi amchere, mphutsi zimakwawa."

Nyongolotsi zokha zimatha kukwawa, ndiye kuti vuto silili mwa iwo, zakudya zakum'mawa zimawona kukwawa konseku ndi kugwedera ngati chakudya. Vuto ndiloti zamoyo zonsezi sizinangodya bowa, komanso zimagayidwa, ndikutaya zinthu zomwe zimagayidwa m'mimbamo, mu bowa. Kodi mukufuna kudya bowa wokhala ndi nyongolotsi ndi zimbudzi? Zili ngati kudya nkhuku ndi ndowe kapena ng’ombe ndi ndowe.

Zitsanzo, taonani, pomwepo zonse zidadyedwa kale, tilibe kanthu! Fumbi ndi zinyalala za mphutsi:

Pa edible wa bowa

Pa edible wa bowa

Pa edible wa bowa

Pa edible wa bowa

Ndipo, ndithudi, chinthu chofunika kwambiri ndi chakuti onse owukirawa amawononga kwambiri kukoma ndi fungo la bowa.

Kodi "bowa wodyedwa mokhazikika" amatanthauza chiyani?

Izi zikutanthauza kuti bowa si chakupha, kuti ndithu edible, koma pansi zina. Chani? - kawirikawiri amalembedwa m'nkhani yokhudza bowa. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika:

- bowa amadyedwa ali aang'ono (nthawi zambiri izi zimatanthawuza bowa wodyedwa ndipo chifukwa chakuti pamene akukula ndi kukhwima, bowawo amakhala wolimba, wamtengo wapatali, ndizosatheka kutafuna, monga nkhuku yochokera ku The Kapena bowa amayamba kukula kwambiri akamakula amamva kuwawa.)

Mwachitsanzo, bowa wachikasu wa sulfure pagawo la "chidutswa cha nkhuni", ndi wosadyedwa kale:

Pa edible wa bowa

- iyenera kunyowa (nthawi zambiri izi zimagwira ntchito kwa okaka mkaka, kuthirira kumakupatsani mwayi wochotsa kuwawa)

- iyenera kuphikidwa kale (nthawi zambiri tikulimbikitsidwa kukhetsa msuzi, osagwiritsa ntchito kupanga supu)

- nthawi zambiri, edible factor imamangiriridwa kuzinthu zina, mwachitsanzo, mtundu wa mtengo (nkhalango) kumene bowa amasonkhanitsidwa: sulfure-chikasu tinder bowa kuchokera ku conifers zingayambitse zotsatira zake. Kapena nyengo: mizere yomwe imamera pa kutentha kwambiri imadziunjikira poizoni wambiri m'matumbo kuposa mizere yomwe imamera nyengo yozizira (tikunena za mizere ya masika).

Kulephera kutsatira mikhalidwe kungayambitse vuto la m'mimba.

Inde, zonse zomwe zimanenedwa za bowa zodyedwa zimagwira ntchito pano: timasonkhanitsa osati zakale, osati mphutsi, osati mumzinda.

Kodi bowa "Inedible" amatanthauza chiyani? Chifukwa chiyani inedible ndi poizoni amagawidwa mosiyanasiyana?

Bowa omwe sadyedwa amagawidwa kukhala osadyedwa. Pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Koma palibe poizoni amene anapezeka mwa iwo.

Chifukwa chake, bowa utha kukhala wolimba kwambiri (zambiri bowa, zimakhala ngati kutafuna nkhuni)

Kapena bowa ndi wosayenera kudyedwa ndi anthu chifukwa cha kukoma kosasangalatsa kapena fungo lomwe silingachotsedwe mwanjira iliyonse, kaya ndi kuwiritsa kapena kuzizira.

Pali bowa wochuluka omwe ali ndi zakudya zomwe palibe amene adazifufuza, chifukwa palibe amene adayesa kuziganizira mozama kuchokera kuzinthu zophikira: bowa ndi ochepa kwambiri, palibe zamkati monga choncho. Nthawi zambiri pankhaniyi, m'nkhaniyo, mu block "Edibility", "Unknown" imayikidwa.

Bowa amaikidwanso ngati inedible, mmene mulibe zinthu digestible ndi dongosolo m'mimba nyama zoyamwitsa. Iwo sangakhale ovuta, ndi fungo lokoma, osati zonyansa mu kukoma, koma n'zosathandiza kuzidya, monga pepala.

N'chifukwa chiyani malo osiyanasiyana amati bowa wamtundu umodzi ndi wodyedwa kapena wapoizoni? Ayenera kukhulupirira ndani?

Muyenera kukhulupirira malingaliro anu odziteteza: ngati simukutsimikiza, timataya. Sindikukumbukira m’manyuzipepala kuti munthu wina anamwalira chifukwa chosadya bowa. Koma m'malo mwake, ndimadya - komanso m'chipatala cha odwala kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi zotsatira zakupha, nthawi zambiri.

Pali zinthu zingapo pano: dera, nyengo, kufunika kwa chidziwitso.

Bowa amatha kusinthasintha. Mtundu womwewo wa bowa womwe umakula mosiyanasiyana (choyamba, dothi ndi kutentha) ukhoza kupereka zizindikiro zosiyana kwambiri pakufufuza. Chitsanzo cha mabuku apa ndi mizere. Kutentha, m'pamenenso bowa ndi oopsa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, ngati kafukufukuyo adachitika, titi, ku France, ndi nyengo yake yofunda, ndiye kuti bowa adzalembedwa ngati poizoni. Chifukwa kumeneko alidi ndi poizoni. M'mayiko omwe ali ndi nyengo ya kontinenti komanso akasupe ozizira (Belarus, Dziko Lathu, our country), mizere imadyedwa.

Koma ndi bowa wa satana, zinthu ndizosiyana: ku France komweko, zimatengedwa ngati chakudya chokoma, tazindikira kuti ndizowopsa.

Kufunika kwa chidziwitso: gwero ndi chaka chiyani? M'mabuku ofotokozera mapepala azaka za m'ma 70, nkhumba yowondayo inkawoneka ngati bowa wodyedwa (gulu la 4). Poizoni anapezekamo patapita nthawi.

Nkhumba yokalamba "yatsala pang'ono kuvunda". Poizoni squared:

Pa edible wa bowa

Munafunsa funso, munayika chithunzi, koma yankho silinapezeke. Zoyenera kuchita?

Ikani bowa mufiriji, mu thumba kapena thireyi ndi chivindikiro.

Yang'anani mosamala pazithunzi: mwina sizinali zabwino mokwanira? Pankhaniyi, zingakhale bwino kuyesa kujambula zithunzi zomveka bwino. Nawa malangizo amomwe mungajambulire bowa.

Onjezani kufotokozera kwa bowa: komwe adakulira, kununkhiza, zinthu zina zosiyanitsa. "Kumene ndinakulira" - osagwirizanitsa! Munakulira kuti - m'nkhalango (chiyani? Coniferous, deciduous, mix), m'dambo, m'mphepete mwa msewu, pachitsa (chiyani?) - fotokozani izi, izi ndizofunikira.

Ngati bowa amakhalabe indeterminate masana, kutaya.

Ndipo mulole izo pambuyo pake ziwoneke kuti zinali zoyera kapena chanterelle, kuti zikhoza kudyedwa. Pezani zambiri ndipo mudziwa chomwe chiri.

Ndizoipa kwambiri ngati mutasankha kuyesa bowa wosadziwika, ndipo pamapeto pake zimakhala ngati toadstool, fibrous kapena galerina, koma simukudziwa chomwe chinali.

Mawuwo

Cholinga cha cholemba ichi sichikuwopsyeza, monga momwe zingawonekere.

Ndidafuna kukuwuzani, owerenga okondedwa, chowonadi chosavuta: bowa sizowopsa. Choncho, musanaphike ndi kudya, onetsetsani kuti ndi zotetezeka.

Ndipo tsopano inu mukhoza "makumi asanu"!

Siyani Mumakonda