Otolaryngology, kapena ENT, ndiwachipatala omwe amadziwika ndi matenda ndi zovuta za "ENT sphere", yomwe ndi:

• khutu (kunja, pakati ndi mkati);
• mphuno ndi sinus;
• mmero ndi khosi (pakamwa, lilime, m'phuno, trachea);
• ma gland amatevu.

Chifukwa chake ENT ili ndi chidwi chofuna kumva, mawu, kupuma, kununkhiza ndi kulawa, kulinganiza, ndi mawonekedwe a nkhope (3). Zimaphatikizapo opaleshoni ya cervico-nkhope.

Zinthu zambiri komanso zovuta zimatha kuyang'aniridwa ndi otolaryngologist, popeza ziwalo zonse za gawo la ENT zitha kukhudzidwa ndi:

• zilema zobadwa;
• zotupa;
• matenda kapena kutupa;
• kuvulala kapena kuvulala;
• alibe (makamaka kugontha);
• ziwalo (nkhope, laryngeal);
• komanso, zisonyezo zamapulasitiki ndi opaleshoni yokongoletsa kumaso ndi khosi.

Otolaryngologist (kapena otolaryngologist) amatenga nawo mbali pochiza matenda ambiri. Nayi mndandanda wosakwanira wamavuto omwe angawasamalire mu ENT:

• pakamwa:
  • kuchotsa matani, adenoid adenoids;
  • zotupa zamatenda am'matumbo kapena matenda;
  • zotupa mkamwa, lilime.
• pamphuno:
• kuchulukana kwa mphuno;
• Nthaŵi zina mkonono umasonyeza et matenda obanika kutulo ;
• sinusitis ;
• rhinoplasty (opareshoni ya "redo" mphuno);
• kununkhiza fungo.
• matenda a khutu bwerezani;
• kumva kapena kusamva;
• khutu (kupweteka kwa khutu);
• Tinnitus ;
• kusokoneza bwino, chizungulire.
• zovuta za mawu;
• stridor (phokoso mukamapuma);
• Matenda a chithokomiro (mogwirizana ndi endocrinologist);
• m'mimba-laryngeal Reflux;
• khansa laryngeal, misa khomo lachiberekero
• pamlingo wamakutu:
• pakhosi:

Ngakhale zovuta mu gawo la ENT zimatha kukhudza aliyense, pali zifukwa zina zomwe zimadziwika kuti zili pachiwopsezo, pakati pa zina:

• kusuta;
• kumwa kwambiri mowa;
• kunenepa kwambiri kapena kunenepa kwambiri (kuwuta, kubanika…);
• msinkhu wachinyamata: ana amatha kudwala matenda am'makutu ndi matenda ena a ENT kuposa achikulire.

Kuti afike pozindikira kuti adziwe komwe kumayambitsa matendawa, otolaryngologist:

• amafunsa wodwala wake kuti adziwe mtundu wa zovuta, tsiku lawo loyambira ndi momwe amathandizira, kuchuluka kwa kusapeza;
• amachita mayeso azachipatala a ziwalo zomwe zikufunsidwa, pogwiritsa ntchito zida zoyenera mphuno, makutu kapena pakhosi (spatula, otoscope, etc.);
• atha kukhala ndi mwayi wopitilira mayeso ena (ma radiography, mwachitsanzo).

Kutengera vuto ndi chithandizo chomwe chingaperekedwe, otolaryngologist atha kugwiritsa ntchito:

• mankhwala osiyanasiyana;
• pama fibroscopies kapena endoscopies, kuti muwone zamkati mwa njira yopumira mwachitsanzo;
• njira zopangira opaleshoni (ENT ndizopanga opaleshoni), kaya ndi zotupa, zobwezeretsa kapena zomangamanga;
• ma prosthes kapena ma implants;
• kukonzanso.

Kuyankhulana ndi otolaryngologist sikuphatikizapo zoopsa zilizonse kwa wodwalayo.

Khalani ENT ku France

Kuti akhale otolaryngologist, wophunzirayo ayenera kulandira dipuloma yamaphunziro apadera (DES) mu ENT ndikuchita opaleshoni yamutu ndi khosi:

• ayenera kuyamba kutsatira, pambuyo pa baccalaureate, chaka choyamba pamaphunziro azaumoyo. Dziwani kuti pafupifupi ochepera 20% a ophunzira amatha kuwoloka gawo lofunika ili;
• kumapeto kwa chaka chachisanu ndi chimodzi, ophunzira amatenga mayeso oyeserera kuti alowe sukulu yogonera komweko. Kutengera mtundu wawo, azitha kusankha maluso awo ndi malo omwe azigwirira ntchito. Otolaryngology internship imatha zaka 6 (semesters 5, kuphatikiza 10 mu ENT ndikuchita opareshoni pamutu ndi m'khosi ndi 6 pamtundu wina, kuphatikiza 4 pakuchita opareshoni).

Pomaliza, kuti athe kuchita ntchito ya udokotala wa ana ndikukhala ndi udokotala, wophunzirayo ayeneranso kuteteza malingaliro ake pazofufuza.

Khalani ENT ku Quebec

 Pambuyo pa maphunziro aku koleji, wophunzirayo ayenera kumaliza digiri ya udokotala. Gawo loyambali limatenga 1 kapena 4 zaka (kapena popanda chaka chokonzekera zamankhwala kwa ophunzira omwe avomerezedwa ku maphunziro aku koleji kapena kuyunivesite akuwoneka kuti sakukwanira m'masayansi oyambira). Kenako, wophunzirayo amayenera kuchita bwino pakutsata wokhala ku otolaryngology ndikuchita opaleshoni yamutu ndi khosi (zaka 5). 

Musanapite ku msonkhano ndi ENT, ndikofunikira kutenga mayeso aliwonse oyerekeza kapena a biology omwe achitika kale.

Ndikofunika kuzindikira zowawa (kutalika, kuyamba, mafupipafupi, ndi zina zambiri), kuti mufunse za mbiri ya banja lanu ndikubweretsa zolemba zosiyanasiyana.

Kuti mupeze dokotala wa ENT:

• ku Quebec, mutha kuwona tsamba la Association d'oto-rhino-laryngologie et deirurgie cervico-faciale du Quebec4, lomwe limapereka chikwatu cha mamembala awo.
• ku France, kudzera patsamba la Ordre des médecinsâ ?? µ kapena Syndicat national des médecins odziwika bwino mu ENT komanso ma cervico-facial surgery6, yomwe imapereka chikwatu.

Kuyankhulana ndi otolaryngologist kumayendetsedwa ndi Health Insurance (France) kapena Régie de l'assurance maladie du Québec.