Mafuta a kanjedza - mafotokozedwe amafuta. Zaumoyo ndi zovulaza

Kufotokozera

Mafuta a kanjedza, omwe ali ndi mphekesera zambiri komanso malingaliro otsutsana, amapangidwa kuchokera ku zipatso zamafuta a kanjedza. Zopangira zopanda pake zimatchedwanso zofiira chifukwa cha mtundu wake wa terracotta.

Magwero aakulu a mafuta a kanjedza ndi mtengo wa Elaeis guineensis, womwe umamera kumadzulo ndi ku South West Africa. Anthu a m’derali anadya zipatso zake kalekale mafutawa asanatulutsidwe padziko lonse lapansi. Mitengo ya kanjedza yofanana ndi imeneyi, yotchedwa Elaeis oleifera, imapezeka ku South America, koma sikawirikawiri pa malonda.

Komabe, mbewu yosakanizidwa mwa mitundu iwiriyi nthawi zina imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mafuta a kanjedza. Zoposa 80% zazinthu zamakono zimakonzedwa ku Malaysia ndi Indonesia, makamaka zogulitsa kunja padziko lonse lapansi.

zikuchokera

Mafuta a Palm ndi 100% mafuta. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, ili ndi 50% ya asidi saturated, 40% ya monounsaturated acids, ndi 10% ya polyunsaturated acids.
Supuni imodzi ya mafuta a kanjedza ili ndi:

• Ma calories 114;
• 14 g mafuta;
• 5 g mafuta monounsaturated;
• 1.5 g mafuta a polyunsaturated;
• 11% ya mtengo watsiku ndi tsiku wa vitamini E.

Mafuta akuluakulu a kanjedza ndi palmitic acid, kuphatikiza apo, alinso ndi oleic, linoleic ndi stearic acid. Pigment yofiira-yellow imachokera ku carotenoids, antioxidants monga beta-carotene.

Thupi limasandutsa vitamini A.
Monga mafuta a kokonati, mafuta a kanjedza amaumitsa kutentha, koma amasungunuka pa madigiri 24, pamene oyambirira pa madigiri 35. Izi zikuwonetsa kusiyanasiyana kwamafuta acids mumitundu iwiri yazomera.

Zakudya zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito mafuta a kanjedza

Mafuta a kanjedza amakondedwa ndi alimi chifukwa cha mtengo wake wotsika. Zimatengera gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a mafuta a masamba padziko lapansi. Kukoma kwake komanso kununkhira kwa nthaka, monga dzungu kapena karoti, kumagwirizana bwino ndi batala wa peanut ndi chokoleti.

Kuphatikiza pa maswiti ndi maswiti, mafuta a kanjedza amawonjezedwa ku kirimu, margarine, mkate, makeke, ma muffin, chakudya cham'chitini ndi chakudya cha ana. Mafuta amapezeka muzinthu zina zosadya monga mankhwala otsukira mano, sopo, mafuta odzola m’thupi, ndi zodzola tsitsi.

Kuphatikiza apo, itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mafuta a biodiesel, omwe amakhala ngati njira ina yopangira mphamvu [4]. Mafuta a kanjedza amagulidwa ndi opanga zakudya zazikulu kwambiri (malinga ndi lipoti la 2020 la WWF):

• Unilever (matani 1.04 miliyoni);
• PepsiCo (matani 0.5 miliyoni);
• Nestle (matani 0.43 miliyoni);
• Colgate-Palmolive (matani 0.138 miliyoni);
• McDonald's (matani 0.09 miliyoni).

Kuwonongeka kwa mafuta a kanjedza

M'zaka za m'ma 80s, mankhwalawa adayamba kusinthidwa ndi mafuta a trans, kuopa chiopsezo cha mtima. Kafukufuku wambiri amafotokoza zotsatira zotsutsana pa zotsatira za mafuta a kanjedza pathupi.

Asayansi ayesa kuyesa kwa amayi omwe adapezeka kuti ali ndi cholesterol yayikulu. Pogwiritsa ntchito mafuta a kanjedza, chiwerengerochi chinakula kwambiri, chomwe chimagwirizana ndi matenda a mtima.

Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti, mafuta ena ambiri amasamba amatha kuchepetsa mafuta m'thupi, ngakhale ataphatikizidwa ndi mafuta a kanjedza.

Mu 2019, akatswiri a WHO adasindikiza lipoti lofotokoza za ubwino wa mafuta a kanjedza. Komabe, poyang'anitsitsa bwino, zinapezeka kuti zinayi mwa nkhani zisanu ndi zinayi zomwe zatchulidwa mu lipotilo zinalembedwa ndi ogwira ntchito ku Unduna wa Zaulimi ku Malaysia, omwe ali ndi udindo wopititsa patsogolo malonda.

Mmodzi mwa kafukufuku wambiri wasonyeza kuti kutenthetsanso mafuta owuma a kanjedza kumapangitsa kukhala koopsa. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kosalekeza kwa mankhwalawa kumabweretsa mapangidwe a madipoziti mu mitsempha chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa antioxidant katundu wa masamba mafuta. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kuwonjezera mafuta atsopano ku chakudya sikunabweretse zotsatira zoterezi.

Ubwino wa mafuta a kanjedza

Chogulitsacho chingapereke ubwino wathanzi. Mafuta a kanjedza amawongolera magwiridwe antchito anzeru komanso amakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino paubongo. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa kuchepa kwa vitamini A ndipo ndi gwero labwino kwambiri la tocotrienols, mitundu ya vitamini E yokhala ndi antioxidant wamphamvu.

Kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti zinthu zimenezi zimathandiza kuteteza mafuta a polyunsaturated m'thupi kuti asawonongeke, kuchepetsa kukula kwa dementia, kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha sitiroko, ndi kuteteza kukula kwa zilonda za muubongo.

Panthawi yoyesera, asayansi anagawa anthu 120 m'magulu awiri, limodzi mwa iwo linapatsidwa placebo, ndipo lina - tocotrienols kuchokera ku mafuta a kanjedza. Chotsatira chake, choyambiriracho chinasonyeza kuwonjezeka kwa zilonda za ubongo, pamene zizindikiro zotsirizirazo zinakhalabe zokhazikika.

Kusanthula kwakukulu kwa maphunziro a 50 kunapeza kuti milingo yonse ya cholesterol ya LDL ndi yotsika mwa anthu omwe amadya zakudya zowonjezeredwa ndi mafuta a kanjedza.

6 nthano za mafuta a kanjedza

1. Ndi kansa yamphamvu kwambiri, ndipo maiko otukuka akhala akukana kuigula kuchokera kunja kuti agwiritse ntchito chakudya

Izi sizowona ndipo makamaka populism. Amataya tizigawo ting'onoting'ono, koma osati mafuta a kanjedza. Awa ndi mafuta a masamba, omwe ali pamtunda wofanana ndi mpendadzuwa, rapeseed kapena soya mafuta. Onse ali ndi ubwino ndi kuipa kwawo. Koma mafuta a kanjedza ndi apadera.

Choyamba, amakolola katatu pachaka. Mtengowo umakula kwa zaka 3. M'chaka cha 25 mutatsika, imayamba kubala zipatso. M'tsogolomu, zokolola zimachepa ndikuyima ali ndi zaka 5-17, patatha zaka 20 mtengowo umasinthidwa. Chifukwa chake, mtengo wokulitsa mtengo wa kanjedza ndi wocheperako kangapo kuposa wambewu zina zamafuta.

Ponena za carcinogens, mafuta a rapeseed mwina ndi oopsa kwambiri kuposa mafuta a mpendadzuwa. Mwachitsanzo, mukhoza mwachangu mu mafuta a mpendadzuwa maulendo 2 okha, mwinamwake, ndi ntchito ina, imakhala carcinogen. Palm akhoza yokazinga 8 zina.

Kuopsa kwake kumadalira mmene wopangayo alili wosamala ndi mmene amagwiritsira ntchito mafutawo. Ngakhale kuti sizothandiza kuti apulumutse pamtundu wabwino, chifukwa kukoma kwa mafuta "akale" kumawononga kukoma kwa mankhwalawa. Mwamunayo adatsegula paketiyo, adayesa ndipo sadzagulanso.

2. Mayiko olemera amapatsidwa mafuta a kanjedza “amodzi,” ndipo mayiko osauka amapatsidwa “lina”.

Ayi, funso lonse ndi la kuyeretsa khalidwe. Ndipo uku ndikuwongolera komwe kukubwera, kutengera dziko lililonse. our country imalandira mafuta a kanjedza, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito padziko lonse lapansi. Pakupanga padziko lonse lapansi, mafuta a kanjedza ndi 50% yamafuta odyedwa, mafuta a mpendadzuwa - 7% yamafuta. Amanena kuti " kanjedza" sichidyedwa ku Ulaya, koma zizindikiro zimasonyeza kuti kumwa kwake kwawonjezeka ku EU pazaka 5 zapitazi.

Apanso, ku funso la kuyeretsa. Tiyerekeze ndi mafuta a mpendadzuwa. Akapangidwa, zotsatira zake ndi mafuta, fusse, keke ndi mankhusu. Ngati mupatsa munthu fooz, ndiye, ndithudi, sadzakhala wosangalatsa kwambiri. Momwemonso ndi mafuta a kanjedza. Kawirikawiri, mawu akuti "mafuta a kanjedza" amatanthauza zovuta zonse: pali mafuta ogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu, pali tizigawo ta mafuta a kanjedza kuti tigwiritse ntchito luso. Ife ku Delta Wilmar CIS timachita ndi mafuta odyedwa okha.

Ngati tilankhula za bizinesi yathu, ndiye kuti timamasula chinthu chomwe chimatsimikiziridwa ndi zizindikiro zonse za chitetezo, kupanga kwathu kwatsimikiziridwa. Timasanthula zinthu zathu m'ma laboratories aku Europe. Kudzazidwa konse kwabizinesi kumangochokera kwa opanga aku Europe (Belgium, Germany, Switzerland). Zonse zimangochitika zokha. Pambuyo kukhazikitsa zida, timapatsidwa kuvomerezeka kwapachaka ndi ziphaso, monganso makampani aku Europe.

3. Dziko likusiya “mtengo wa mgwalangwa” n’kuyamba kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta a mpendadzuwa

Mafuta a mpendadzuwa ndi mafuta a trans. Mafuta a Trans ndi magazi oyipa, sitiroko, matenda amtima, ndi china chilichonse. Chifukwa chake, amagwiritsidwa ntchito powotcha, ndipo nthawi zina amasinthidwa ndi kanjedza.

4. Mafuta a kanjedza samalembedwa mwadala muzakudya

Ndikhoza kunena motsimikiza kuti onse opanga confectionery ku our country amasonyeza kuti mankhwala awo akuphatikizapo mafuta a kanjedza. Ngati mukufuna, wopanga adzakuuzani nthawi zonse za mafuta omwe amaphatikizidwa mu recipe. Izi ndizotseguka kwathunthu. Ngati wopanga mkaka sakusonyeza, ndiye kuti iyi ndi nkhani ina.

Uwu ndi mlandu komanso udindo wa wopanga omwe amapanga zinthu zotere. Sasakaniza mankhwala oipa, amangopanga ndalama, chifukwa mafuta, kunena kwake, amawononga UAH 40, ndipo mafuta a masamba a masamba a maphikidwe osiyanasiyana amawononga UAH 20. Koma wopanga amagulitsa 40. Choncho, izi ndi phindu komanso chinyengo cha ogula.

Palibe amene amanama "mtengo wa kanjedza", chifukwa sungathe kupangidwa. Pali zabodza muzakudya zamkaka pomwe wopanga sakuwonetsa kuti mafuta a masamba (kanjedza kapena mpendadzuwa) amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Iyi ndi njira yokhayo yosokeretsa wogula.

5. Kuletsa "mtengo wa kanjedza" sikungakhudze chuma mwanjira iliyonse, kumangochepetsa phindu lochulukirapo kwa opanga.

Mafakitole onse a confectionery adzatsekedwa nthawi yomweyo, zomwe m'miyezi ingapo zidzasinthira ku rapeseed, soya, ndi mpendadzuwa wa hydrogenated. M'malo mwake, adzataya kutumiza kunja, zomwe zimafuna kuti mankhwalawa asakhale ndi mafuta osinthika. Akapangidwa ndi mafuta a mpendadzuwa a hydrogenated, mapangidwewo amakhala ndi mafuta osinthika. Kotero kutumiza kunja kudzasowa.

6. Ndi otsika mu khalidwe mafuta ena

Mafuta a kanjedza amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu confectionery ndi mkaka. Masiku ano, pali nkhani zambiri zokhuza ngati ndizothandiza kapena zovulaza, koma padziko lonse lapansi, pamalamulo, pali kuvomereza kwazomwe zili mu trans fatty acid zomwe zamalizidwa.

Trans fatty acid isomers amapangidwa mumafuta a masamba pa hydrogenation, njira yomwe mafuta amadzimadzi amawumitsidwa kukhala olimba.

Mafuta olimba amafunikira kuti apange margarine, mafuta odzaza mawaffle, makeke, ndi zina zotero.

Awa ndi mafuta omwe muli kale osachepera 35% trans isomers. Mafuta achilengedwe pambuyo pochotsa alibe trans isomers (ngakhale mafuta a kanjedza, kapena mafuta a mpendadzuwa). Koma nthawi yomweyo, kugwirizana kwa kanjedza ndi kale kotero kuti tikhoza kuzigwiritsa ntchito ngati mafuta odzaza, ndi zina zotero.

Ndiko kuti, palibe processing yowonjezera yomwe ikufunika. Pachifukwa ichi, mafuta a kanjedza alibe trans isomer. Choncho, apa amapambana mafuta ena a masamba omwe timawadziwa bwino.