Zamkatimu
Pavon, peacock pavon, peacock bass - awa si mayina onse omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ku Latin America ndi malo olankhula Chingerezi ku nsomba zazikulu, zonyezimira za banja la cichlid. Pakati pa mayina a nsomba za Chirasha, mawuwa amatchulidwa kawirikawiri: peacock perch kapena butterfly perch. M’zaka zaposachedwapa, ofufuza m’madzi asonyeza chidwi kwambiri ndi nsombazi. M'malo awo, pofotokoza zamitundu yosiyanasiyana yamadzi am'madzi otentha, mawu achilatini amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Kumeneko, mbalame za nkhanga zimatchedwa dzina la banja: cichla, cichlid. Uku ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana. Pofotokoza zamitundu yosiyanasiyana, zowonjezera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, monga: mawanga, motley ndi ena. Ngakhale kuti nsombayi ndi yodziwika bwino, asayansi samagwirizana nthawi zonse za momwe angasiyanitsire mitundu yambiri, subspecies, kapena kugawanitsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Kuphatikiza apo, zimadziwika kuti m'moyo wonse, zinthu zikasintha, nsomba zimasintha osati kukula kokha, komanso mawonekedwe a thupi ndi mtundu, zomwe zimasokonezanso magulu. Nthawi zina amatchula m'mawu monga: chimphona, chaching'ono, ndi zina zotero.
Zodziwika bwino za peacock perches zimatha kuonedwa ngati thupi lalifupi, lofanana ndi mawonekedwe a perciformes ambiri, mutu waukulu wokhala ndi pakamwa lalikulu. Zipsepse zapa dorsal zimakhala ndi kuwala kolimba ndipo zimagawidwa ndi notch. Thupi laphimbidwa ndi mawanga ambiri, mikwingwirima yamdima yopingasa, etc. Kwa pectoral, ventral fins ndi theka lapansi la caudal, mtundu wofiira kwambiri ndi khalidwe. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti, chinthu chodziwika bwino cha ma cichlids onse aku South America, ndi kukhalapo kwa malo amdima, mumtambo wowala, pamchira wa thupi. "Diso loteteza" ili, mu nsomba zosiyanasiyana, limawonetsedwa mokulirapo kapena pang'ono. Mwina ichi ndi chinthu choteteza mitundu yomwe imalepheretsa adani ena, monga ma piranha ndi ena. Nsomba za Peacock zimadziwika ndi kugonana kwa dimorphism. Izi zimafotokozedwa muzinthu zina zamtundu, komanso mapangidwe a amuna a kukula kwapatsogolo. Ngakhale ofufuza ena amanena kuti akazi amakhalanso ndi kukula kofanana. Nsombazi zimakonda kukhala m'madera oyenda pang'onopang'ono a mtsinjewo, pakati pa algae ndi nsagwada, mitengo yodzaza ndi madzi ndi zopinga zina. Imakhala m'madera a mtsinje pansi ndi mchenga kapena waung'ono-mwala dothi. Pa nthawi yomweyo, nsomba ndi thermophilic kwambiri, amafuna pa khalidwe madzi ndi machulukitsidwe mpweya. Pankhani ya zotsatira za anthropogenic pamadzi amadzi, mwachitsanzo, panthawi yokonza ma reservoirs, chiwerengero cha anthu chimachepetsedwa kwambiri. Chimodzi mwa zifukwa n’chakuti nkhanga sizipikisana bwino ndi mitundu yatsopano, yomwe yangobwera kumene. Koma panthawi imodzimodziyo, nsombazo zinazolowerana, zitasamuka mochita kupanga, m'malo osungiramo madzi a South Florida. Pakali pano, palibe chiwopsezo cha kutha kwa zamoyozi, koma anthu ena ang'onoang'ono akadali pachiwopsezo. Ana nthawi zambiri amapanga timagulu ting'onoting'ono, akuluakulu amakhala awiriawiri. Kukula kwa nsomba kumatha kufika 1 m kutalika ndi 12 kg kulemera. Pavona amadya osati nsomba zokha, komanso crustaceans zosiyanasiyana ndi invertebrates zina, kuphatikizapo kugwa pamwamba. Anthu akuluakulu amaukira mbalame ndi nyama zapadziko lapansi zomwe zagwera m'madzi. Nsombazi zimakonda njira zosakira zobisalira, koma nthawi yomweyo zimayenda mwachangu m'madzi onse.
Njira zophera nsomba
Nsomba iyi yalandira kutchuka kwambiri chifukwa cha usodzi wamasewera. Nsomba ndizofunika kwambiri kwa asodzi am'deralo. Mfundo yofunika kwambiri pa usodzi wa pavons ndikupeza malo omwe nsombazo zimakhala. Muzachisangalalo za usodzi, zida zosodza zopota ndi zouluka zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Kutchuka kwa mtundu uwu wa ichthyofauna pakati pa anthu okonda nsomba za m'madera otentha sikumangokhalira kupezeka kwa malo omwe amakhala, komanso kuopsa kwa nsomba zomwe zikamaukira. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, mapepala a pikoko amatha kukhala osamala kwambiri komanso ochepetsetsa, amakhala otanganidwa kwambiri akamakoka ndipo nthawi zambiri amachoka pazitsulo. Chinthu china chochititsa chidwi posaka nsombazi ndi nyambo zambiri zomwe nsombazo zimachita, kuphatikizapo pamwamba pa madzi.
Kugwira nsomba pandodo yopota
Zomwe zimatsimikizira posankha zida zopota ndi momwe nsomba zimakhalira pamitsinje yamvula. Nthawi zambiri, kusodza kumachitika kuchokera ku mabwato, kutsanzira kwakukulu komanso kokulirapo kwa zinthu zosaka kumakhala ngati nyambo. Usodzi ungafunike nthawi yayitali, kuponyedwa kolondola pazovuta zambiri - nkhalango zosefukira, nsabwe, mitengo yolendewera, ndi zina zambiri. Kuphatikizirapo, kukoka mokakamiza komanso kusesa molimba, nthawi zambiri kumakhala kofunikira. Akatswiri ambiri amalangiza kugwiritsa ntchito ndodo zofulumira, zapakatikati. Pakali pano, mitundu yambiri yamitundu yapadera ikupangidwa kuti ipangire makanema ojambula pamanja, kuphatikiza apamwamba. Choncho, ufulu wosankha umakhalabe ndi angler, poganizira zomwe zinamuchitikira. Kusodza, m'mitsinje yotentha, sikumapangitsa kuti pakhale nsomba zamtundu umodzi wokha, kotero kuti kulimbanako kuyenera kukhala kwachilengedwe chonse, koma ndi "mphamvu" yaikulu. Izi zikugwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ku mizere yopha nsomba, zingwe, leashes ndi zipangizo zosiyanasiyana. Ma reel ayenera kukhala ndi mabuleki opanda vuto, njira zosinthira zitha kukhala zosiyana ndikutengera zomwe msodzi amakumana nazo. Musaiwale kuti zikho za peacock bass zimatha kukhala zazikulu.
Kupha nsomba
Usodzi wa nsomba za m'madzi otentha ukuchulukirachulukira kwambiri pakati pa asodzi a ntchentche. Usodzi ndi wosiyana kwambiri ndipo umafunikira luso lowonjezera, ngakhale kwa asodzi owuluka omwe ali ndi luso logwira nyama zolusa ndi madzi ena ovuta. Njira pakusankha zida ndizofanana, monga kupota. Choyamba, izi ndi kudalirika kwa ma reels, kuchuluka kwakukulu kothandizira ndi ndodo zamphamvu zamanja a magulu apamwamba. Pawon, pakati pa asodzi, amadziwika kuti ndi "wozunza m'madzi" omwe amathyola nkhonya ndipo "mwankhanza" amawononga nyambo. Pamaso paulendo, ndikofunikira kufotokozera nyambo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino m'dera lomwe laperekedwa, munyengo inayake.
Nyambo
Kusankha nyambo zopota, choyamba, zimatengera zomwe msodzi amakumana nazo. Nsomba zimakhudzidwa ndi nyambo zambiri zomwe zimapangidwa, koma kudalirika ndi mfundo yofunika kwambiri. Kuthekera kogwira nsomba panyambo za silikoni ndizokwera kwambiri, koma ngati zikhalabe bwino pambuyo poluma ndi funso lalikulu. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mitundu ya nsomba zomwe zimapikisana, zokhala ndi nyambo zopangidwa ndi zinthu zosalimba, kungosintha ma nozzles sikungadikire kulandidwa kwa mpikisano wosilira. Zomwezo zimagwiranso ntchito pa nsomba zouluka, mitsinje yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popha nsomba za butterfly bass iyenera kukhala yamphamvu kwambiri, yokhala ndi mbedza zolimba komanso zokwanira. Zingakhale zanzeru kubweretsa zida zowonjezera ndi zida zolukira nyambo.
Malo ausodzi ndi malo okhala
Malo ogawa ma pavons, cichlids, pikoko basses amakhala m'dera lalikulu la mitsinje ya South America, m'madera a Brazil, Venezuela, Peru, Colombia ndi mayiko ena. Pakati pa mitsinje ndiyenera kutchulapo: Amazon, Rio Negro, Madeira, Orinoco, Branco, Araguya, Ayapok, Solimos ndi mitsinje ina yambiri ya mabeseni awo. Koma madera ogawa amatha kukhala ochepa pazifukwa zachilengedwe kapena chifukwa cha zochita za anthu.
Kuswana
Nsomba zimakhwima pakugonana zikafika zaka 1-2. Isanayambe kuswana, cichlids amatsuka pamwamba pa nsagwada kapena miyala, pamene yaikazi imabala, ndiyeno, pamodzi ndi yaimuna, imayang'anira kuikira mazira ndi ana. Kuberekera kumagawidwa, kumatenga tsiku limodzi. Ana ansombawo akayamba moyo wodziimira, akhoza kudyedwa ndi makolo awo.