Zamkatimu
Zonse zokhudza nsomba za grayling
Kutuwa mwina ndi nsomba yodziwika kwambiri pakati pa nsomba zam'madzi opanda mchere. Kugawika kwa mitunduyi kumakhala kosokoneza, pali mitundu itatu yayikulu ndi mitundu ingapo. Grayling yaku Mongolia imatengedwa kuti ndi yayikulu komanso "yakale". Pankhani ya kukula kwakukulu, ndi yotsika pang'ono kwa imvi yaku Europe yomwe imakhala kumpoto kwa gawo la Europe la Eurasia. Akatswiri a Ichthyologists amagwirizanitsa kukula kwakukulu kwa grayling kumpoto ndi kudya caviar ndi ana a nsomba zina za salimoni. Kukula kwakukulu kwa nsomba kumatha kufika 6 kg. Mitundu ya ku Siberia imasiyanitsidwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamitundu. Iwo amasiyana wina ndi mzake osati morphological mbali, komanso kukula. Grayling ndi nsomba yosadulika yomwe imayenda mtunda waufupi. Pali maonekedwe a nyanja, pakati pawo pali omwe amakula pang'onopang'ono. M'zaka zaposachedwapa, grayling wakhala akuwetedwa ntchito zosangalatsa ndi zosangalatsa. Makamaka, ku Europe, anthu otuwa akubwezeretsedwanso m'madera omwe kale "adafinyidwa", amawetedwa kuti achite malonda, nsomba zamtundu wa trout. Kuonjezera apo, m'nyanjayi, grayling imaberekedwa kuti ikhale ndi nsomba zamalonda.
Njira zopangira grayling
Usodzi wa grayling umasiyanitsidwa ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zophera nsomba ndipo umachitika pafupifupi nyengo zonse kupatula nthawi yoberekera. Kuphatikiza pa zomwe zimachitikira msodzi aliyense, kusodza ndi zoyandama, kupota, kupha nsomba zouluka, ma jigs ndi ma spinners, imvi imagwidwa ndi "boti" ndi zida zambiri zapadera.
Kugwira imvi pakupota
Ngati simukuganiziranso za kusodza ntchentche, ndiye kuti kugwira imvi ndi nyambo zopota kumatengedwa kuti ndiye chachikulu kwambiri ndi asodzi ambiri aku Europe. Mwina izi ndichifukwa choti chibadwa chodyera cha European grayling chimakula kwambiri. Asodzi a ku Siberia amagwirizanitsa usodzi wa grayling ndi usodzi wochita kupanga ntchentche ndipo, mwa zina, ndi zida zoyandama. Nthawi yomweyo, ndodo zopota zapeza ntchito ngati zida zoponyera mtunda wautali mukamagwiritsa ntchito zida zosiyanasiyana pogwiritsa ntchito ntchentche ndi zidule. Ndodo zopota ndizosavuta chifukwa zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pogwira taimen ndi lenok, zokhala ndi ma spinner akulu, komanso zida monga "miseche" ndi "ndodo ya Tyrolean", pogwiritsa ntchito zanzeru. Ndi zipangizo zoterezi, ndodo zopota zimafunika ndi mayesero akuluakulu ndi kutalika, mwina 3 m kapena kuposa. Reel amatengedwa kuti agwirizane ndi ndodo: ndi spool capacious ndipo makamaka ndi mkulu magiya chiŵerengero cha mafunde othamanga kwambiri. Kuponyedwa kwa Rig kumachitika kudutsa pano, ndikuyembekeza kusuntha. Nthawi zambiri usodzi umachitika pa ndege yayikulu, zida zapamtunda, monga lamulo, zimakhala zochulukirapo ndipo zimakhala ndi zokoka zambiri. Izi zimawonjezera katundu pa reels ndi ndodo. Zida zomwezi zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito popha nsomba m'nyanja, ndikumangirira pang'onopang'ono kapena pang'onopang'ono, pamene akumira. Muusodzi wapadera wa grayling wokhala ndi nyambo zopota, ma spinner ndi ma wobblers nthawi zambiri amakhala ochepa, chifukwa chake, kupha nsomba ndi nyambo zowala kwambiri ndizotheka. Usodzi wotere wa grayling, wa nyambo zopota, umatchuka pamitsinje yaing'ono kapena kuchokera ku mabwato. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti osodza ena amakhulupirira kuti kupondaponda kumatha "kudula" kugwira nsomba zazing'ono. Lamuloli limagwira ntchito pang'onopang'ono: imvi ndi yaukali mwachilengedwe, nthawi zambiri imaukira otsutsana nawo, kotero "imachita manyazi" ngakhale pa "wobblers" wamkulu.
Usodzi wowuluka wa grayling
Usodzi wowuluka wa grayling ndi mtundu wodziwika kwambiri wausodzi pakati pa okonda zosangalatsa kumpoto komanso makamaka mitsinje yaku Siberia. Kuwongolera pang'ono kuyenera kupangidwa apa. Lamuloli ndi loona kwa mitsinje yaing'ono ndi yapakati. Ndizovuta kwambiri kutsimikizira wokhala ku Yenisei, Angara kapena mitsinje ina ikuluikulu ya Siberia kuti nsomba zowuluka ndizosavuta kusodza pamadamu otere. Chifukwa chake, anthu am'deralo amakonda ma spinning osiyanasiyana ndi zida zina zoponyera mtunda wautali. M'mitsinje ikuluikulu, kuti ikhale yomasuka, asodzi odziwa ntchentche amatha kulangizidwa kugwiritsa ntchito ndodo. Ndi chithandizo chawo, mutha kuponya bwino nyambo zosiyanasiyana zomira, mwachitsanzo: nymphs ndi zidule. Kusintha ndodo kumagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri ndi ntchentche zazikulu, zomwe zingathandize pogwira zitsanzo za "trophy". Pankhani ya kusankha zida za dzanja limodzi, ndizovuta kupereka malangizo olondola apa. Pamodzi ndi nsomba za trout, grayling ndi nsomba zomwe zambiri zimapangidwira chaka chilichonse. Kwa usodzi mumitsinje, zingwe ndi ndodo za zero ndizoyenera. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa ndodo pamizere ya 7-10 kalasi yogwira imvi, mwa lingaliro lathu, sikuli koyenera, makamaka pokhudzana ndi kusodza kwa "ntchentche zouma". Pali lingaliro lakuti chifukwa cha kulemera kwa mzerewu, n'zotheka kuwonjezera mtunda woponyera, umene ndodo zapamwamba zingakhale zoyenera. Koma apa pali vuto lina: kulamulira kwaunyinji waukulu wa mzere womasulidwa, ndodo yaifupi ya dzanja limodzi, imayambitsa kusodza. Kusankhidwa kwa mzere kumadalira momwe nsomba zimakhalira, chifukwa chopha nsomba pamitsinje yakuya komanso yofulumira, mizere yozama ingafunike, koma izi zimakhala zovuta chifukwa cha mikhalidwe yapadera. Pamaulendo ambiri mutha kudutsamo ndi mizere yoyandama 1-2 ndi mitengo yapansi panthaka. Usodzi wa Tenkara ukuchulukirachulukira. Ngakhale ku Siberia ndi Far East, zofanana, koma zachikale zakhala zikusodza. Tenkara ndi kubadwanso kwa zida zakale kukhala "mawonekedwe atsopano".
Kugwira imvi ndi zoyandama ndi pansi
Kugwira imvi ndi nyambo zachilengedwe, zanyama kudakali kofunikira m'madera omwe nsombayi imakhala yambiri. Ndikoyenera kulingalira kuti kusodza pansi kwa grayling ndi nyengo ndipo kumachitika masika ndi autumn. Usodzi woyandama ungathenso kuchitidwa pazinyambo zopanga, komanso, osodza ena amagwiritsa ntchito "nymphs" ndi "ntchentche zoyandama" pamtambo womwewo. Nymph imakhazikika popanda kukhetsedwa pamzere waukulu, ndipo "youma" pamtundu wosiyana, wotsetsereka pamwamba pa zoyandama. M'madera ambiri a ku Siberia, usodzi wa autumn grayling worm si nsomba zamasewera, koma nsomba.
Kugwira imvi ndi zida zina
Grayling imagwidwa pa "boti" ndi "zojambula". Apa ndikofunikira kulingalira kuti malamulo amawongolera kuchuluka kwa ndowe zomwe grayling imatha kugwidwa. Nthawi zambiri osapitilira khumi. Kusodza kwa "boti" kumakhala kosangalatsa kwambiri ndipo kumafuna luso lapadera. Grayling imagwidwa m'nyengo yozizira pa ma spinners ndi mormyshkas. Pa nthawi yomweyo, nyambo ndi mphutsi ndi invertebrates n'zotheka. Ndodo zophera nsomba ndi mizere yophera nsomba sizifuna zokoma zapadera; m'malo mwake, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito zida zamphamvu, ngakhale zankhanza. Usodzi wonyezimira wonyezimira ndi woyenda kwambiri ndipo ukhoza kuchitika mu chisanu choopsa. Ndikoyenera kudziwa kugwiritsa ntchito njira zambiri zopangira "ndodo zoponyera zazitali" ndi "zida zothamanga". Mndandanda woyamba umaphatikizapo zida zosiyanasiyana za "sbirulino - bombard", "kuyandama kodzaza ndi madzi ku Czech" ndi zida zosiyanasiyana zoyandama. Kwa usodzi pamitsinje yaying'ono, ma analogue a "English fishing rod" kapena "short" Bolognese "kwa usodzi ndi zida zoyandama pa" kutsika "amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino. Komanso machesi osiyanasiyana, "Bologna", ngakhale ndodo wodyetsa, amene bwino ntchito nsomba ndi Balda, Potaskunya, Abakansky, Angarsky, Yenisei ndi zipangizo zina.
Nyambo
Apa, m'malo mwake, ndizoyenera kudziwa kuti greyling sichimakhudzidwa ndi nyambo zamasamba. Nyambo imagwira ntchito pazochitika zapadera. Kusodza ndi nyambo zachilengedwe kumadalira dera, mwachitsanzo, ku Far East, grayling imagwidwanso pa caviar. Nthawi zambiri, imayankha mitundu yonse ya mphutsi zamtundu wa invertebrate ndi mawonekedwe awo akuluakulu, kuti mwachangu. M'nyengo yozizira, imatha kugwidwa pa spinners kapena mormyshkas ndi kubzalanso kuchokera ku nyama ya nsomba, mwachangu kapena diso la nsomba. Spinners ndi bwino ndi soldered mbedza. Zimakhala zovuta kufotokoza mitundu yonse ya nyambo zopangira, koma ndizofunika kudziwa kuti osodza ena amapeza imvi pazidutswa za cambric kapena bala pa shank, waya wamkuwa kapena zojambulazo. Grayling ya ku Siberia imachita moyipa kwambiri ngati "ntchentche zonyowa" (m'lingaliro lakale) ndi "mitsinje". Ndikothandiza kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito "nymphs" ndi "dry flyes". Spinners ndi wobblers ayenera kutengedwa ang'onoang'ono. Tikumbukenso kuti zokonda chakudya graylings zimadalira osati pa zamoyo ndi m'madera makhalidwe, komanso pa nyengo nsomba. Mumayendedwe osiyanasiyana amoyo, mitundu yomwe ilipo komanso kukula kwa nyama zomwe zimadya m'nkhokwe zimasintha, chifukwa chake zakudya zomwe amakonda. Mukapita kudera losadziwika, ndi bwino kufotokozera ndi otsogolera zokonda za nsomba zam'deralo. Mwachitsanzo: ngati mumakonda kugwira imvi kumadera akumpoto ndi ku Europe ndi nyambo, izi sizitanthauza kuti njira iyi ndi yoyenera kusodza ku Nyanja ya Baikal kapena mitsinje yake.
Malo ausodzi ndi malo okhala
Graylings amagawidwa ku Central ndi Eastern Europe, ku Siberia, Mongolia, Far East, ndi North America. Mutha kugwira imvi m'nyanja ndi m'mitsinje. Nthawi zambiri nsomba sizisamuka kutali. Grayling imafunikira pamadzi (kutentha, turbidity ndi mulingo), kotero osati kusamuka kwa masika kapena autumn kokha ndikotheka. Ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha kwa madzi, kufa kwa nsomba ndi kusamuka kumatheka ngakhale m'mitsinje yaying'ono yokhala ndi madzi ozizira. M'chilimwe, kusiyana kwa madera kumawonekera m'malo omwe nsomba zimakhala, kukula kwake. Anthu akuluakulu amatha kukhala okha m'malo otsetsereka kapena kutenga malo pafupi ndi zopinga ndi zobisalira. Anthu ang'onoang'ono, omwe amadyetsa nthawi zonse amaima pafupi ndi gombe kapena pamadzi osefukira a mtsinje, kuphatikizapo m'mitsinje yosazama. Pamalo obisalira, m'munsi mwa mapiri ndi mapiri, pali masukulu omwe ali ndi nsomba za mibadwo yosiyanasiyana ndi kukula kwake, pazigawo zabwino kwambiri - anthu amphamvu kwambiri komanso akuluakulu. Ma graylings apakati amatha kupezeka m'mphepete mwa maenje, m'mphepete mwa nyanja kapena pafupi ndi mtsinje. M'mitsinje yaing'ono, nsomba zimayenda nthawi zambiri, koma nthawi zambiri zimakhala m'mabowo komanso kuseri kwa zopinga. M'nyanja, imvi imakhala pafupi ndi maenje; imatha kudya pakamwa pa mitsinje komanso m'mphepete mwa nyanja.
Kuswana
Zimakhala zokhwima pakugonana zaka 2-4. Imamera mu Epulo - Juni ndipo zimatengera dera. Mitundu ya m'nyanjayi imatha kuberekera m'nyanja momwemo komanso m'mitsinje yolowera. Amapanga zisa ting'onoting'ono mumchenga-mwala kapena pansi pamiyala. Kuberekera kumachitika mofulumira, ndi ndewu. Mwa amuna amitundu yonse, mtundu umasintha kukhala wowala. Pambuyo pobereka, imapita kukadyetsa m'malo okhalamo okhazikika.