Sardines

History

Dzina la nsomba iyi limachokera pachilumba cha Sardinia, komwe anthu adachigwira chambiri. Pali dzina lina lachilatini la nsomba iyi - anayankha, kutanthauza ma sardine, koma akulu akulu akulu. Opanga amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu ina ya nsomba, nthawi zina kumata kumalongeza pansi pa dzinali.

Kufotokozera

Poyerekeza ndi hering'i, kukula kwake kwa sardiyo ndikochepa: nsombayo imatha kutalika kwa 20-25 cm ndipo ili ndi thupi lokulirapo lomwe lili ndi mimba ya silvery. Mutu ndi wawukulu, wolumikizika, wokhala ndi pakamwa lalikulu ndi nsagwada zofanana. Nsombayi ili ndi masikelo obiriwira abuluu obiriwira agolide wonyezimira, wokhala ndi mitundu yonse ya utawaleza. Mu mitundu ina, mizere yakuda yakuda-mizere imasiyanasiyana kuchokera kumapeto kwenikweni kwa milomo.

Sardine ili ndi chimaliziro chomaliza chomwe chimathera m'miyeso yayitali yayitali yamapiko ndi kunyezimira kwa matalala omaliza. Mu mitundu ina ya nsomba, timadontho tating'onoting'ono tothamanga timayenda m'mbali mwake.

Pali mitundu itatu yayikulu ya sardine:

Pilchard sardine kapena European, wamba sardine (Sardina pilchardus)
Thupi lokhalitsa limasiyanitsa nsomba ndi mimba yozungulira komanso chifuwa cham'mimba chotukuka bwino. Masikelo amitundu yosiyanasiyana amagwa mosavuta. M'mbali mwa thupi, kuseli kwa mitsempha ya sardine, kuli mizere ingapo yamadontho. European sardine imapezeka kwambiri kunyanja ya Mediterranean, Black, Adriatic, ndi nyanja za kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Atlantic Ocean;

• Sardinops
  Anthu akuluakulu mpaka 30 cm kutalika amasiyana ndi pilchard sardine pakamwa lalikulu pomwe gawo lokwera likulumikiza pakati pa maso. Pamtunda pamakhala ma vertebrae 47-53. Mtunduwo umaphatikizapo mitundu isanu:
• Far Eastern (Sardinops melanostictus) or Iwashi
  Amapezeka pagombe la Kuriles, Sakhalin, Kamchatka, Japan, China, ndi Korea. Iwashi kapena Far East sardine
• Sardine waku Australia (Sardinops neopilchardus)
  amakhala kufupi ndi gombe la Australia ndi New Zealand.
• Waku South Africa (Sardinops ocellatus)
  amapezeka m'madzi a South Africa.
• Peruvia sardine (Sardinops sagax)
  Amakhala kugombe la Peru. Sardine waku Peru
• California (Sardinops caeruleus)
  adagawidwa m'madzi a Pacific Ocean kuchokera Kumpoto kwa Canada kupita Kumwera kwa California.
• Sardinella
  mtunduwu umaphatikizapo mitundu 21 ya nsomba. Sardinella amasiyana ndi sardine waku Europe pakalibe mawanga kumbuyo kwamitsempha komanso yosalala. Chiwerengero cha ma vertebrae ndi 44-49. Malo okhala - Indian, Pacific Pacific, madzi akum'mawa a Atlantic, Black, Nyanja ya Mediterranean, ndi West and North Africa.

Zolemba za sardine

• Kalori zili 166 kcal
• Mapuloteni 19 g
• Mafuta 10 g
• Zakudya 0 g
• CHIKWANGWANI chamagulu 0 g
• Madzi 69 g

Zopindulitsa

Thupi limatenga nyama ya sardine mosavuta; ili ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zothandiza komanso michere. Chifukwa chake, nsomba iyi ndi imodzi mwazolemba za phosphorous ndi cobalt; Lili ndi magnesium yambiri, ayodini, calcium, zinc, ndi sodium. Ali ndi omega-3 fatty acids ambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, nyama yamchere imakhala ndi mavitamini D, B6, B12, ndi A ndi coenzyme Q10 (imodzi mwamankhwala othandiza kwambiri).

Zothandiza zimatha sardines:

• Kulimbikitsa chitetezo chamthupi;
• Kupewa matenda amtima ndi mitsempha;
• Kuchepetsa mwayi wa mapangidwe a thrombus ndi kusintha kwa magazi;
• Kusintha magwiridwe antchito aubongo;
• Kupititsa patsogolo masomphenya;
• Kuchepetsa kuwonekera kwa psoriasis (kwa Iwashi);
• Kuchepetsa chiopsezo chokhala ndi nyamakazi;
• Kupititsa patsogolo magwiridwe antchito amanjenje (chifukwa cha niacin).

Kuphatikiza apo, kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti kudya nsomba zamtunduwu nthawi zonse kumachepetsa mpata wamatenda a asthmatic, ndipo mafuta amtundu wa sardine amakhala ndi mphamvu zosinthika komanso zotsutsana ndi zotupa pamatupi amthupi.

Contraindications

Simungadye sardines ndi tsankho payekha. Kupatula apo, zingakuthandizeni ngati simunagwiritse ntchito gout ndi mafupa. Ndipo anthu omwe ali ndi matenda oopsa ayenera kukumbukira kuti nyama ya nsombayi imawonjezera kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Sardine sichikuphatikizidwa mu zakudya, chifukwa zimakhala ndi ma calories ambiri (pafupifupi 250 kcal / 100 g). Izi zikutanthauza kuti sayenera kunyamulidwa ndi mavuto. Ndipo pamaso pa matenda am'mimba, ndiyofunika kuchepetsa menyu ku sardines, stewed opanda mafuta, kapena kuphika msuzi wa phwetekere.

Ubwino wa Sardines

Sardines ndiwothandiza kwambiri kwa amayi apakati ndi ana aang'ono.
Nsombayi ili ndi coenzyme yambiri. Chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito sardines pafupipafupi, mutha kuchedwa kukalamba. Mutha kudzaza zofunikira tsiku ndi tsiku za coenzyme ndi gawo limodzi la nsomba yophika.

Zopindulitsa za nsombazi ndizothandiza pochiza mtima, arthrosis, mphumu, ngakhale khansa. Ngati mumadya sardines tsiku lililonse, mutha kubwezeretsanso masomphenya ndikuchepetsa cholesterol m'mwazi.

Mavuto ndi zoyipa

Sardines ali ndi ma purine apamwamba kwambiri, omwe amasintha m'thupi la munthu kukhala uric acid. Amathandizira pakupanga miyala ya impso ndikukula kwa gout. Pakhoza kukhala zovuta kuyanjana ndi amines omwe amapezeka m'masardine, monga tyramine, serotonin, dopamine, phenylethylamine, ndi histamine.

Kuphika mapulogalamu

Nsombayi ndiyothandiza mukaiphika popeza, pophika, michere yonse yomwe imasungidwa imasungidwa kwathunthu (makamaka coenzyme Q10). Komabe, kuphika sardines sikungowiritsa kokha. Ndibwino mukakazinga (kuphatikiza yokazinga kapena yokazinga kwambiri), kusuta, kuphika, kuphika, kuzifutsa, ndi mchere. Ma cutlets okoma ndi msuzi wochuluka womwe mungapange kuchokera ku nyama ya nsombayi. Kuphatikiza apo, anthu nthawi zambiri amawonjezera pazosakaniza ndi masaladi amitundu yonse.

Zakudya zamzitini zosiyanasiyana (nsomba m'mafuta, msuzi wawo, msuzi wa phwetekere, ndi zina zambiri) zimapangidwa kuchokera ku sardine, zomwe zimafunikira padziko lonse lapansi. Nsomba zamzitini nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza masangweji ndi masangweji osiyanasiyana, maphunziro oyambira, komanso mbale zammbali.

Ku Tunisia, sardine yofunikira ndizofunikira kwambiri pazakudya zambiri zadziko, ndipo ku Apennine Peninsula, ma pate ndi pasitala amapangidwa kuchokera pamenepo. Pizza wokhala ndi sardine amakhalanso wamakono ku Italy. Nthawi yomweyo, ku Europe, amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito nsomba zamzitini, pomwe m'maiko aku Africa ndi India, nthawi zambiri amawotchera nsomba izi.

Sardine amayenda bwino ndi mitundu yonse ya ndiwo zamasamba (zatsopano komanso zophika), mpunga, nsomba, azitona ndi mitundu yonse ya zonunkhira.

Mfundo Zokondweretsa

1. Dzinalo la nsombazo limafanana kwambiri ndi chilumba cha Sardinia, chomwe chili kunyanja ya Mediterranean. Soseji kapena soseji ndi dzina lina lakale la sardine, lochokera ku liwu lachi Italiya Sardella.
   Anthu amatchedwa "sardine" kutchula mitundu pafupifupi 20 ya nsomba zazing'ono: ena amazitcha hamsu, ndipo aku America amazitcha herring yaying'ono.
2. Ku France, usodzi wa sardine umatsatira chikhalidwe chakale: mchere wamchere wamchere umabalalika osati kutali ndi mphepo ya sardines. Amangodumphira chakudya ndipo amakodwa mu ukonde womwe asodzi amawagwiritsa ntchito.
   Mutha kupeza chithunzi cha sardines pamajazi amizinda yaku France: Le Havre, La Turbala, Moelan-Sur-Mer.
3. Chaka chilichonse, madalaivala ndi ojambula amasonkhana mdera la Cape Agulhas, gombe lakumwera chakum'mawa kwa South Africa, kuti asangalale ndikujambula pazithunzi kusunthika kwapadera kwa nsomba izi zomwe zimasonkhana m'gulu limodzi pafupifupi 8 km kutalika kuti zibereke.

Spaghetti wokhala ndi sardine ndi chili

Zosakaniza - 4 servings

• Spaghetti 400 g
• 1-2 tsabola
• 200g Zamzitini Sardines
• Tsabola wamchere
• Zakudya za mkate
• 3 cloves wa adyo
• 2 tbsp. l Mafuta a maolivi
• greenery

Momwe mungaphike

1. Thirani mafuta mu poto wowotcha, onjezerani 2 adyo adyo.
2. Onjezerani mkate, mwachangu mpaka bulauni wagolide.
3. Ikani zikwangwani papepala kuti amwe mafuta owonjezera.
4. Dulani tsabola ndi sardine.
5. Thirani mafuta mu poto, kuwonjezera tsabola ndi adyo, mopepuka mwachangu.
6. Onjezani sardines odulidwa, mwachangu, mchere, ndi tsabola.
7. Onjezani spaghetti yophika, perekani zitsamba, sakanizani.
8. Tumizani ku mbale, kuwaza ndi zidutswa za mkate, ndikusangalala!