Zamkatimu
Usodzi wa carp woyera
Silver carp ndi nsomba yapakatikati yophunzirira m'madzi opanda mchere yomwe ili mu dongosolo la cypriniform. Mwachilengedwe, amakhala mumtsinje wa Amur, pali zochitika zogwira nsomba zazitali za mita zolemera 16 kg. Zaka zambiri za nsomba iyi ndi zaka zoposa 20. Silver carp ndi nsomba ya pelagic yomwe imadyetsa phytoplankton m'moyo wake wonse, kupatulapo kumayambiriro. Kutalika kwapakati ndi kulemera kwa carp yasiliva pazamalonda ndi 41 cm ndi 1,2 kg. Nsombayi imalowetsedwa m'madambo ambiri omwe kale anali Soviet Union, komwe imakula mwachangu kuposa ku Amur.
Njira zogwirira carp woyera
Kuti agwire nsombazi, opha nsomba amagwiritsa ntchito zida zosiyanasiyana zapansi ndi zoyandama. Samalani ku mphamvu ya zida, monga siliva carp sangathe kukanidwa mphamvu, ndipo nthawi zambiri imapanga kuponya mofulumira, kudumpha m'madzi. Nsomba zimakhudzidwa ndi nyambo zambiri za nsomba zomwe sizilusa.
Kugwira carp yasiliva pazitsulo zoyandama
Usodzi wokhala ndi ndodo zoyandama, nthawi zambiri, umachitika pamadzi omwe ali ndi madzi osasunthika kapena oyenda pang'onopang'ono. Usodzi wamasewera ukhoza kuchitidwa ndi ndodo zokhala ndi mawonekedwe akhungu, komanso ndi mapulagi. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, ponena za chiwerengero ndi zovuta za zipangizo, kusodza uku sikutsika kwa nsomba zapadera za carp. Usodzi woyandama, wopambana, umachitikanso pa "kuthamanga snaps". Kusodza ndi ndodo za machesi kumakhala kopambana kwambiri pamene carp yasiliva imakhala kutali ndi gombe. Owotchera ng'ombe ambiri omwe amaphunzira kugwira siliva carp apanga zida zoyandama zoyambirira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino pa "mayiwe akunyumba". Ndikoyenera kudziwa apa kuti kugwira nsomba iyi pazosankha za "dead rigging" sikupambana. Pali zifukwa zingapo za izi. Choyamba, carp wamkulu wa siliva ndi wamanyazi ndipo nthawi zambiri safika pafupi ndi gombe.
Kugwira carp yasiliva pansi pazitsulo
Silver carp ikhoza kugwidwa pa zida zosavuta kwambiri: wodyetsa pafupifupi 7 cm ali ndi mbedza zingapo (2-3 pcs.) Ndi mipira ya thovu yomwe imamangiriridwa ndikumangirizidwa ku mzere waukulu wa nsomba. Ma leashes amatengedwa kuchokera ku mzere woluka ndi mainchesi a 0,12 mm. Chonde dziwani kuti ma leashes amfupi sangapereke zotsatira zomwe mukufuna, chifukwa chake kutalika kwawo kuyenera kukhala osachepera 20 cm. Nsombayo, pamodzi ndi madzi, imagwira nyamboyo ndikukwera mbedza. Komabe, pakuwedza kuchokera pansi, muyenera kupereka zokonda kwa wodyetsa ndi wosankha. Uku ndikusodza pazida "zapansi", nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zodyetsa. Omasuka kwambiri kwa ambiri, ngakhale osadziwa zambiri. Amalola msodzi kuti azitha kuyenda padziwe, ndipo chifukwa cha kuthekera kwa kudyetsa nsonga, mwachangu "kusonkhanitsa" nsomba pamalo operekedwa. Wodyetsa ndi wosankha, monga mitundu yosiyana ya zipangizo, panopa amasiyana mu utali wa ndodo. Maziko ndi kukhalapo kwa nyambo chidebe-sinker (wodyetsa) ndi nsonga kusinthana pa ndodo. Pamwamba pamasintha malinga ndi momwe nsomba zimakhalira komanso kulemera kwa chodyera chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Nozzles nsomba akhoza kukhala iliyonse, masamba ndi nyama, kuphatikizapo phala. Njira yopha nsombayi imapezeka kwa aliyense. Kulimbana sikukufuna zowonjezera zowonjezera ndi zida zapadera. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti muzitha nsomba pafupifupi m'madzi aliwonse. Ndikoyenera kumvetsera kusankha kwa odyetsa mawonekedwe ndi kukula kwake, komanso zosakaniza za nyambo. Izi ndichifukwa cha momwe malo osungiramo madzi amakhalira (mtsinje, dziwe, ndi zina zotero) ndi zakudya zomwe nsomba zam'deralo zimakonda.
Nyambo
Kuti mugwire nsomba yosangalatsayi, nyambo zilizonse zamasamba zidzachita. Usodzi wabwino umapereka nandolo zophika zophika kapena zamzitini. Njoka imatha kuphimbidwa ndi zidutswa za algae wa filamentous. Monga nyambo, "technoplankton" imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, yomwe imafanana ndi chakudya chachilengedwe cha siliva carp - phytoplankton. Nyambo iyi ikhoza kupangidwa nokha kapena kugulidwa mumaneti ogulitsa.
Malo ausodzi ndi malo okhala
Malo achilengedwe a carp siliva ndi Far East ku Russia ndi China. Ku Russia, amapezeka makamaka ku Amur ndi nyanja zina zazikulu - Qatar, Orel, Bolon. Amapezeka ku Ussuri, Sungari, Lake Khanka, Sakhalin. Monga chinthu chausodzi, chimafalitsidwa kwambiri ku Europe ndi Asia, ndikulowa m'madzi ambiri a maiko omwe kale anali USSR. M'chilimwe, carps zasiliva zimakonda kukhala mumtsinje wa Amur ndi nyanja, m'nyengo yozizira zimapita kumtsinje ndikugona m'maenje. Nsomba iyi imakonda madzi ofunda, ofunda mpaka madigiri 25. Amakonda madzi akumbuyo, amapewa mafunde amphamvu. M'malo abwino okha, ma carps asiliva amagwira ntchito mwachangu. Atazizira, amasiya kudya. Choncho, ma carps akuluakulu a siliva amapezeka nthawi zambiri m'madzi osungiramo kutentha.
Kuswana
Mu carp yasiliva, monga mu carp yoyera, kubereka kumachitika panthawi yokwera kwambiri m'madzi kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa June mpaka pakati pa July. Wapakati fecundity ndi pafupifupi theka la miliyoni mandala mazira ndi awiri a 3-4 mm. Kuberekera kumagawanika, kawirikawiri kumachitika maulendo atatu. M'madzi ofunda, kukula kwa mphutsi kumatenga masiku awiri. Silver carps amakhwima pogonana ndi zaka 7-8. Ngakhale ku Cuba ndi India, njirayi imathamanga kangapo ndipo imatenga zaka 2 zokha. Amuna amakhwima msanga kuposa akazi, pafupifupi ndi chaka chimodzi.