Zamkatimu
Zonse zokhudza nsomba za smelt
Banja lalikulu la nsomba zomwe zimakhala m'mphepete mwa mitsinje ndi nyanja za kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi. Asayansi amaphatikiza mitundu yopitilira 30 yomwe imapangidwa ndi smelt. Kusiyana kwa m'banja kumakhala kochepa, poganizira malo okhala, munthu akhoza kusiyanitsa smelt ya ku Ulaya (smelt), Asia ndi nyanja, komanso mawonekedwe a nyanja, omwe amatchedwanso smelt kapena nagish (dzina la Arkhangelsk). Nyanja yosungunula inabweretsedwa mumtsinje wa Volga. Mitundu yonse imakhala ndi zipsepse za adipose. Kukula kwa nsomba ndi kochepa, koma mitundu ina imatha kufika 40 cm ndikulemera magalamu 400. Fungo lomwe limakula pang'onopang'ono limakhala ndi moyo wautali. Nsomba zambiri za m’banjamo zimaswana m’madzi abwino, koma kudyetsedwa kumachitika m’madzi amchere a m’nyanja kapena m’dera la mathithi. Palinso madzi abwino, nyanja, mitundu yakutali. Capelin ndi smallmouth smelt zimamera pamphepete mwa nyanja. Nsomba yophunzira, yotchuka kwambiri ndi anthu okhala m'matauni a m'mphepete mwa nyanja chifukwa cha kukoma kwake. Mitundu yambiri, ikagwidwa mwatsopano, imakhala ndi "kukoma kwa nkhaka" pang'ono. M'nyengo yaulendo wopita ku mitsinje, ndi chinthu chomwe chimakondedwa kwambiri ndi nsomba komanso nsomba zamasewera.
Njira zopangira smelt
Usodzi wodziwika kwambiri wa smelt ndi usodzi wa amateur wokhala ndi zida zachisanu. Maonekedwe a nyanja amagwidwa, pamodzi ndi sizhok, ndi m'chilimwe. Pachifukwa ichi, zida zonse zoyandama komanso ndodo zosodza "zautali" ndizoyenera.
Kugwira fungo pakupota
Zingakhale zolondola kutchula njira zotere za usodzi osati zopota, koma mothandizidwa ndi ndodo zopota, pamodzi ndi ndodo zina "zoponya mtunda wautali". Popeza kuti smelt ndi nsomba ya pelargic, zakudya zake zimagwirizana mwachindunji ndi plankton. Makinawa amapangidwa kuti azipereka nyambo imodzi kapena zingapo kusukulu ya nsomba. Sinkers, pamodzi ndi muyezo, akhoza kukhala bombard kumira, wand Tyrolean, ndi zina zotero. Zida zogwiritsidwa ntchito "wankhanza". Zombo - kutsanzira za invertebrates ndi mwachangu. Mukawedza zingwe zokhala ndi zingwe zazitali kapena nyambo zingapo, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito ndodo zazitali, zapadera ("mpanda wautali", machesi, ma bombard).
Kugwira smelt ndi dzinja ndodo
Zopangira mbewa zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kugwira fungo. Nthawi yomweyo, mizere yopha nsomba imagwiritsa ntchito zokhuthala. Kuti mulume bwino, chinthu chachikulu ndikuzindikira malo osodza. Kuphatikiza pa "wankhanza" kapena "whatnots", smelt imagwidwa pazitsulo zazing'onoting'ono ndi ndodo zachikhalidwe zowedza nsomba ndi mormyshka. Mormyshkas okhala ndi zokutira zodzikundikira kuwala ndi otchuka kwambiri. Panthawi ya nsomba, asodzi ambiri amatha kugwira nsomba ndi ndodo 8-9.
Kugwira smelt ndi ndodo yoyandama
Usodzi wachisawawa wosungunula pa zida zoyandama sizoyambira kwenikweni. Izi ndi ndodo wamba 4-5 m ndi "ogontha" kapena "zida zothamanga". Nkhokwe ziyenera kusankhidwa ndi shank yaitali, nsomba ili ndi pakamwa ndi mano ambiri ang'onoang'ono, mavuto omwe ali ndi leashes angabwere. Zing'onozing'ono, mbedza ziyenera kukhala zazing'ono. Kusodza kumalimbikitsidwa kuchokera m'ngalawa, n'zovuta kudziwa nthawi yomweyo malo omwe gulu la smelt likusuntha, kotero mungafunike kuyendayenda posungiramo nsomba. Pa usodzi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito ndodo yoyandama komanso "bulu wothamanga".
Nyambo
Kuti agwire smelt, nyambo zopanga zosiyanasiyana zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, kuphatikizapo ntchentche kapena "ubweya" womangidwa ku mbedza. Kuonjezera apo, amagwiritsa ntchito ma spinners ang'onoang'ono achisanu (mu nyengo zonse) ndi ndowe yogulitsidwa. Kuchokera ku nyambo zachilengedwe, mphutsi zosiyanasiyana, mphutsi, nyama ya nkhono, nyama ya nsomba, kuphatikizapo smelt yokha, nkhuni za nkhanu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Pakuluma mwachangu, njira yayikulu pakusankha nozzle ndi mphamvu.
Malo ausodzi ndi malo okhala
Nsombazi zimagawidwa kwambiri. Amayigwira m'madzi a m'nyanja ya Pacific, Arctic ndi Atlantic Ocean. Mitundu ya smelt imadziwika kuti imakhala m'nyanja popanda njira yolowera kunyanja. M'malo osungiramo madzi amakhala mozama mosiyanasiyana, izi zimachitika chifukwa chofunafuna chakudya komanso nyengo. Ku St. Petersburg, malo aakulu okokerako fungo lonunkhira bwino ndi Gulf of Finland. Monga m'mizinda yambiri ya ku Baltic, panthawi ya smelt, ziwonetsero ndi maholide operekedwa kuti azidya nsombazi zimachitika mumzindawu. Chaka chilichonse, ma helikoputala a Ministry of Emergency Situation amachotsa anthu ambiri okonda fungo kuchokera pamiyala yomwe idang'ambika. Izi zimachitika pafupifupi m'makona onse a Russia kuchokera ku Baltic kupita ku Primorye ndi Sakhalin. Chiwerengero cha ngozi sichikuchepanso.
Kuswana
Monga tanenera kale, zamoyo zambiri zimaswana m’madzi abwino. The fecundity wa nsomba ndi ndithu mkulu. Kutengera dera lomwe mitunduyo imakhala, kuchuluka kwa kukhwima kumasiyana. European smelt imakhala yokhwima pogonana zaka 1-2, Baltic pa 2-4, ndi Siberia pa zaka 5-7. Kubereketsa kumachitika m'chaka, nthawi yoberekera imadalira dera ndi nyengo, imayamba pamene ayezi ataphulika pamadzi otentha 4.0 C. Mtsinje wa Baltic umanunkhira, nthawi zambiri sukwera pamwamba pa mtsinje, koma umabala makilomita angapo kuchokera pakamwa. Caviar yomata imamangiriridwa pansi. Kukula kwa nsomba kumathamanga kwambiri, ndipo pofika kumapeto kwa chilimwe, ana amagubuduza m'nyanja kuti adye.