Sikwidi

Kufotokozera

Squid ndi mtundu wa cephalopod mollusk. Squids (lat. Teuthida) - ndi a dongosolo la cephalopods, mosiyana ndi octopus, ali ndi mahema khumi. Nyamayi imasambira bwino kwambiri ndipo imatha kuyenda maulendo ataliatali. Amayenda mothandizidwa ndi mtundu wina wa injini za ndege: ali ndi bowo lapadera pamatupi awo, pomwe ma cephalopods amaponyera mtsinje wamadzi.

Pakati pa nyamayi, pali imodzi mwa nkhono zazikulu kwambiri, architeutis, yomwe imatha kufikira mamita XNUMX. Architeuthis (giant squid) (Latin Architeuthis) ndi mtundu wina wam'madzi ozama kwambiri omwe amapanga banja lodziyimira pawokha la Architeuthidae. Ichi ndi nyama yamphongo yopanda mphamvu kwambiri yomwe imatha kuyeza mphamvu ndi sphale whale.

M'nyanja za Far East, pafupi ndi gombe la Primorsky ndi Sakhalin, Pacific squid imapezeka makamaka. M'nyanja, nkhonozi zimakhala zamtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira. Koma ndikofunika kuchichotsa m'madzi, chifukwa mtunduwo umasintha nthawi yomweyo ndikupeza njerwa zofiira, ndipo nthawi zina mtundu wa bulauni. Kulemera kwa squid omwe amakhala m'madzi akutali kwa Far East ndikochepa - mpaka magalamu mazana asanu ndi awiri mphambu makumi asanu.

M'nyengo yotentha, sardine waku Pacific, Iwashi, amakhala Nyanja ya Japan. Imafika m'mphepete mwa nyanja titatha kubereka, ikafika kumpoto kwa Tatar Strait. Ndipo limodzi ndi Iwashi, masukulu a nyamayi "amayendera" madera athu, omwe Pacific sardine ndimakonda kwambiri.

Usodzi - kugwira nyamayi

Kodi nyamayi imagwidwa bwanji? M'mayiko ena, amagwiritsa ntchito ndodo zopota ndi ma sapota kapena ngowe. Amagwidwa m'ngalawa; Chingwe chokhala ndi zingwe zambiri chimamangiriridwa kumtambo wamphamvu komanso wowonda, wamtali khumi mpaka khumi ndi asanu, wolumikizidwa ndi ndodo yayifupi komanso yosinthasintha.

Koma ndikofunikira kukopa nyamayi kuchokera pansi pa nyanja, pogwiritsa ntchito madzi ndi kuwala kwapamwamba pa izi, chifukwa akuya mita imodzi amatha kugwidwa ndi gulaye. Usodzi wopambana kwambiri ndikumadzulo. Nyama zazikuluzikulu zimakhala kutali ndi gombe, ndi zazing'ono kunyanja.

Mukamaliza kugwira (squid) squid, ndikofunikira kutumiza squid kuti ikonzeke mwachangu. Masikwati amaikidwa m'mizere m'mabokosi kapena m'mabasiketi, okhala ndi mahema mosiyanasiyana, apo ayi atha kulumanizana, ndipo izi zimawononga mawonekedwe ake.

M'zaka zaposachedwa, kupanga ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nyamayi mu "nyama yam'madzi" yapitilira kawiri. Ndipo nsomba ya cephalopod mollusk yakula kuposa kasanu. Akatswiri amakhulupirira kuti kupanga squid kumatha kuchulukitsidwa mpaka matani XNUMX mpaka XNUMX pachaka!

Thumba la inki ya squid

Ma cephalopods onse ali ndi mphatso yamtengo wapatali kuchokera ku chilengedwe - thumba la inki. Ichi ndi chiwalo chamkati cha squid, chomwe chili mkanjo. Inkiyo muli utoto organic. Mthunzi wa inki mu cephalopods siwofanana: mu cuttlefish imakhala yakuda buluu, ndipo mu squid ndi bulauni.

Ofufuza apeza kuti inki yotayidwa ndi ma cephalopods siyimasungunuka nthawi yomweyo, kwa mphindi khumi kapena kupitilira apo imangokhala m'madzi ngati dontho lakuda. Koma chochititsa chidwi kwambiri ndikuti mawonekedwe a dontho amafanana ndi chithunzi cha nyama yomwe idataya. Chilombocho chimagwira dontho ili m'malo momupulumuka. Kenako "imaphulika" ndikuphimba mdani mumtambo wakuda, pomwe squid, pogwiritsa ntchito chikuto ichi, amabisala kuti asawatsate.

Kugwiritsa ntchito thumba la inki

Pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wamakono, utoto ungapezeke pazomwe zili mu thumba la inki. Kuti achite izi, amachita izi: matumba amachotsedwa mkatimo, amatsukidwa m'madzi am'nyanja ndikuuma padzuwa. Matumba owuma amathyoledwa ndi kuphika, pambuyo pake madziwo amasankhidwa, kenako utoto umatulutsidwa.

Izi ndizofunika zomwe thumba la inki limakhala! Koma muyenera kuyisamalira mosamala kwambiri, ngati muwononga, utoto utuluka, nyama ya squid imachita mdima.

Anthu omwe amachita ndi squid wamoyo, choyambirira, ayenera kusamalira maso awo, chifukwa madzi amtunduwo, omwe amafika pachimake pamaso, amayambitsa mkwiyo waukulu.

Kapangidwe ndi kalori okhutira

Squid ndi zopatsa thanzi komanso zathanzi. Ma cephalopods alidi nkhokwe yeniyeni ya zinthu zomanga thupi. Pali zinthu zambiri zowonjezera m'matumbo a nyamayi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madzi a m'mimba atulutsidwe ndikupatsanso kukoma kwapadera kwa zinthu zophikira zopangidwa ndi nyamayi.

Pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, nyama zamtundu wa squid zimadziwika ndi madzi ambiri komanso mafuta ochepa; komabe, ofufuza ena amati squid omwe amakhala m'madzi akumwera kwa Sakhalin ndi olemera kwambiri. Thupi louma la squid lili ndi (peresenti):

• mapuloteni 81.4,
• mafuta 5.8,
• glycogen mpaka 1.4,
• zinthu zamchere 10.2.

Asayansi amati minyewa ya nyama ya squid imakhala ndi mavitamini a B komanso mavitamini C.

Momwe mungadyere squid

Ziwalo zam'mutu, torso, ndi matumbo a squid zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kukonzekera zakudya zouma. Squid wouma amagulitsidwa ngati ma flakes owonda omwe amafanana ndi vermicelli.

Kukonzekera nyama zouma nyamayi pa makina, kusema woonda n'kupanga, amene ndiye ankanyamula mu makatoni, mapepala kapena cellophane matumba. Kuphatikiza pa zouma zouma, ma squid amchere amakonzedwanso.

Ubwino wa squid

Nyama ya squid ndi gwero labwino kwambiri la mapuloteni athunthu. Kotero, 100 g ya nkhonozi zimakhala ndi 18 g ya mapuloteni. Izi ndizocheperako kuchuluka kwa ng'ombe kapena nsomba.
Mapuloteni amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chinthu chachikulu popangira maselo ndi minyewa ya thupi, mothandizidwa ndi ma enzymes ndi mahomoni.

Mapuloteni amagulitsa amino acid mwachilengedwe (mwachitsanzo, methionine, lecithin) - "opanga" osasinthika a zopangira zolimba zatsopano ndi "obwezeretsa" odalirika owonongeka ndi owonongeka.

Squid imakhala ndimavitamini onse ofunikira mthupi lathu (PP, C, gulu B), ayodini, chitsulo, phosphorous, manganese, calcium. Nyama ya squid imaposa zakudya zina zonse zam'madzi zomwe zili ndi potaziyamu: ndizofunikira kuti minofu yonse igwire ntchito, kuphatikiza yofunika kwambiri - mtima. Potaziyamu imathandiza mtima kugunda modekha, moyenera komanso mofanana. Mcherewo umawongolera kuchuluka kwa mchere wamadzi mthupi, kupewa edema ndikuwonjezera kuthamanga kwa magazi.

Kuphatikiza apo, squid ilibe mafuta. Ndicho chifukwa chake zakudya kuchokera kwa iwo zimatha kuphatikizidwa bwino masiku osala kudya ndi zakudya.

Squid ndi gwero labwino kwambiri lamkuwa, lomwe ndilofunikira pakupanga hemoglobin ndi collagen mthupi.

Phosphorus mu squid imathandizira kwambiri pakupanga ndi kukonza mafupa ndi mano athanzi. Kuphatikiza apo, imakhudzidwa ndikukula kwa minofu ndikubwezeretsanso, komanso kumathandizira kukhala ndi mulingo wabwinobwino wama pH. Pomaliza, phosphorous ndiimodzi mwazinthu zopangira ma cell.

Squid imakhala ndi zinc yambiri. Zimakhudzidwa ndi mayankho a chitetezo cha mthupi, kupanga ma genetiki, komanso kuchiritsa mabala.

Squid ndi gwero labwino kwambiri la magnesium, yomwe imakhudzidwa ndikukula kwa mafupa, mapangidwe a mapuloteni, zochita za enzymatic, kupindika kwa minofu, thanzi la mano, komanso chitetezo chamthupi. Imathandizanso pakusinthana kwamphamvu ndikufalitsa zikhumbo zamitsempha.

Vitamini E mu squid amateteza nembanemba mozungulira maselo, makamaka maselo ofiira ndi oyera (maselo amthupi).

Vitamini C, yemwe amapezeka mu squid, ndiwofunikira kwambiri m'thupi, kutanthauza thanzi la mafupa, karotila, mano ndi nkhama. Kuphatikiza apo, amateteza thupi kumatenda osiyanasiyana, amalimbikitsa kuyamwa kwa chitsulo ndipo imathandizira kuchira kwa minofu.

Zovuta komanso zotsutsana

Posachedwa, maphunziro owonjezeka akuwonekera kutsimikizira kuchuluka kwa mercury ndi zitsulo zina zolemera mu nsomba ndi nsomba. Amadziunjikira m'madzi chifukwa cha mpweya wamafuta, womwe umangowonjezeka chaka chilichonse. Malinga ndi Environmental Protection Agency, squid ndi imodzi mwazakudya zochepa zomwe sizingathe kupeza mercury.

Koma nkhono za m'gulu la zovuta kwambiri. Kwa anthu ambiri, kusagwirizana kwa squid kwakhazikitsidwa mwachipatala, kuwonekera ngati mawonekedwe omwe sagwirizana nawo.

Momwe mungasankhire ndi kusunga squid

Ndibwino kugula squid wachisanu. Thawed, makamaka ngati ukadaulo sutsatiridwa, amamva kuwawa ndipo samasunga mawonekedwe awo. Kwenikweni, ndi banja lomwe lilibe phindu la chakudya kapena chopatsa thanzi. Mitembo isakhale yomata, chifukwa izi zikuwonetsanso kuti malonda ake abedwa pamaso panu.

Thupi limakhala lodzaza ndi kanema, yemwe, kutengera malo okhala mollusk, amatha kukhala ndi mthunzi wosiyana - kuyambira imvi mpaka kufiyira kwambiri. Ndipo nyama ya mitundu yonse imakhala yoyera ngati chipale chofewa. Mtundu wina uliwonse ndi chizindikiritso chotsimikizira mtundu wosavomerezeka. Mwachidziwitso, mungagule squid wosenda, koma izi zidzawononga kukoma kwa mbale yomaliza, chifukwa nyama yotereyi ilibe vuto lililonse.

Pali chinsinsi chaching'ono chomwe chitha kutsogozedwa posankha nyama zam'nyanja izi: zing'onozing'ono kukula, tastier nyama.

Muyenera kusunga squid mufiriji. Iwo sangasungunuke ndi kuzizidwa kachiwiri mopanda tanthauzo.

Momwe mungathamangire msanga squid

Kuti muwachotse mwachangu mufilimuyo, simukusowa zida zapadera. Ndikokwanira kuyika nkhono zouma m'mbale ndikutsanulira madzi otentha. Chifukwa chakusiyana kwa kutentha, pafupifupi filimu yonse yomwe ili pamwamba pake imapinda ndipo imachotsedwa mosavuta. Yemwe sanasunthire akhoza kuchotsedwa mosavuta ndi dzanja.

Kenako muyenera kukhetsa madzi onse ndikutsuka nyama pansi pamadzi. Muyeneranso kuchotsa zamkati mwa squid, kuphatikiza msana wowonekera, ndikutsukanso. Ngati, zitatha izi zonse, nyama siinathere konse, imayenera kuthiridwa ndi madzi otentha (koma osati madzi otentha) ndikusiya mphindi zochepa.

Momwe mungaphikire squid wokoma

Lero pali maphikidwe ochuluka kutengera squid. Ali oyenera mindandanda yazakudya tsiku lililonse komanso tchuthi.

Momwe mungachitire mwachangu

Ngati palibe vuto lililonse pamatumbo, nthawi ndi nthawi mutha kudzikongoletsa ndi squid wokazinga.

Izi zikufunika:

• squid wachisanu - magalamu 300;
• msuzi wa soya - supuni 5;
• mchere kulawa;
• vinyo woyera wouma - 120 ml;
• ginger wonyezimira - kulawa;
• katsabola - 2-3 nthambi;
• maolivi kapena mafuta a mpendadzuwa - supuni 3;
• shuga - 1 tsp;
• msuzi wa theka ndimu.

Kukonzekera

Choyamba, timachotsa nyamayi, kutsuka bwinobwino ndikuchotsa kanemayo. Timadula nyamayo m'magawo 4-6, kutengera kukula kwake. Mu mbale yapadera, sakanizani vinyo, msuzi wa soya, madzi a mandimu, ginger wonyezimira, shuga, onjezerani katsabola kokometsetsa. Timasakaniza zonse mpaka shuga utasungunuka kwathunthu. Timiza ma squid m'madzi otulukawo ndikusiya firiji kwa mphindi 60. Pambuyo pake, timatenthetsa poto, kutsanulira mafuta ndikuyika squid pamenepo. Mwachangu pa sing'anga kutentha kwa mphindi 10.

Momwe mungawire

Njira yabwino yophikira squid ndikuwaphika. Kuti muchite izi, nyama yodulidwa kapena nyama yonse iyenera kuikidwa m'madzi amchere ndikuwonjezera tsabola wakuda ndi masamba a bay. Muyenera kuphika osaposa mphindi zitatu, apo ayi padzakhala mphira. Itha kufewanso ngati ingophika kwa mphindi 30. Koma mwanjira imeneyi kuchuluka kwake kudzachepetsedwa ndi theka ndendende. Pambuyo pake, mutha kupanga chilichonse chomwe mungafune ndi chinsombocho - dulani masaladi kapena muikepo.

Mfundo Zosangalatsa Za squid

Okonda zakudya zam'madzi adzakhala ndi chidwi ndi izi:

1. Nyama zam'madzi ndizomwe sizinaphunzire kwenikweni m'nyanja, mitundu yoposa 300 ya squid yatsimikiziridwa mwalamulo, koma mitundu yoposa 200 sikudziwika.
2. Mwa ma cephalopods onse, omwe amaphatikizanso cuttlefish ndi octopus, squid ndiye wokonda kwambiri nyama zam'madzi.
3. Ndi squid yomwe imadyetsa anthu ambiri padziko lapansi.
4. Nyamayi imadyanso nkhanu ndi nsomba zazing'ono. Pakalibe izi, amatha kusinthana ndi mitundu yaying'ono yamitundu yawo.
5. Nyama ya pachinyama ikagwa pangozi, imatulutsa mtundu wofanana ndi inki.
6. Zinyama zina zimakhala ndi luso lodabwitsa - zimatha kuuluka.
7. Ma dolphin okha, shark ndi anamgumi ndiomwe ali patsogolo kuthamangira kwa squid.
8. Magazi a mollusk ndi amtambo, osati m'modzi, koma mitima itatu ndi yomwe imayambitsa kufalitsa.