Statins ndi mankhwala ena ochepetsa cholesterol

Zotsatira za kusanthula kwa biochemical, kuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi, kulola katswiri kuti apereke mankhwala oyenera. Ma Statin nthawi zambiri amalangizidwa kuti apewe zovuta zamtima pankhaniyi.

Kawirikawiri, dokotala wopezekapo, popereka ndalama zoterezi, nthawi yomweyo amachenjeza wodwalayo kuti ayenera kutengedwa popanda kupuma kwautali. Kuphatikiza apo, monga mankhwala ena, ma statins amakhala ndi zotsatirapo zosiyanasiyana mthupi. Wodwalayo ayenera kufotokoza mfundo imeneyi pa nthawi imene dokotala wake. Kupatula apo, ntchito yayikulu yokhala ndi cholesterol yayikulu ndikuchepetsa mulingo wake. Zotsatira zake zimatheka ndi chithandizo cha mankhwala. Komabe, kodi mankhwala ayenera kuyambika nthawi zonse? Kodi zotsatira zomwe mukufuna zidzapezedwa ndi chithandizo chawo?

Mankhwala omwe ali m'gulu la ma fibrate kapena ma statins amachepetsa cholesterol. Mutha kukulitsa zotsatira zake potenga lipoic acid ndi Omega-3 fatty acids. Nkhaniyi idaperekedwa kwa mankhwala a pharmacological omwe amachepetsa mafuta m'thupi, mawonekedwe ake komanso zotsatira zake.

Kuchepetsa Cholesterol ndi Statins

Gulu la pharmacological la ma statins limaphatikizapo mankhwala omwe cholinga chawo chachikulu ndikuchepetsa kutulutsidwa kwa michere inayake yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi kaphatikizidwe ka cholesterol.

Pofotokoza za mankhwalawa ndi mapiritsi, zotsatirazi zimaperekedwa:

• Amakhala ngati inhibitor motsutsana ndi HMG-CoA reductase, motero amachepetsa cholesterol, amachepetsa kupanga kwake;

• Iwo amagwira ntchito ngakhale pamaso pa concomitant mankhwala aakulu. Mwachitsanzo, homozygous family hypercholesterolemia sichidzakhudza mphamvu ya ma statins;

• Kukhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pamtima minofu, kuchepetsa mwayi wa matenda a mtima ndi angina pectoris;

• Mutamwa mankhwalawa, HDL-cholesterol ndi apolipoproteinA zimawonjezeka m'magazi;

• Mosiyana ndi mankhwala ena ambiri, ma statins si mutagenic kapena carcinogenic.

Sikuti nthawi zonse mankhwala amathandiza thupi. Ma Statins angayambitse zotsatirazi:

• Kusagona tulo, kupweteka mutu, nseru, kutsegula m'mimba, myalgia;

• amnesia, malaise, hypesthesia, neuropathy, paresthesia;

• Kusapeza bwino kwa minofu ya kumbuyo, miyendo, myopathy, kukomoka;

• Kusanza, anorexia, cholestatic jaundice;

• Thupi lawo siligwirizana, kuwonetseredwa ndi zotupa pakhungu ndi kuyabwa, urticaria, anaphylaxis, exudative erythema;

• Kutsika kwa shuga m'magazi, komwe kumathandizira kukula kwa matenda a shuga ndi hypoglycemia;

• Kunenepa kwambiri;

• chitukuko cha kusowa mphamvu.

Kodi ma statins ndi ofunikira liti?

Kufotokozera kwa ma statins ambiri kumakhala ndi chidziwitso chomwe chikuwonetsa phindu la mankhwala. Kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima, kukhazikika kwa cholesterol, kuteteza matenda a mtima - zonsezi zimaperekedwa ndi gulu la pharmacological iyi, malinga ndi makampani otsatsa malonda. Komabe, kodi zimenezi zilidi choncho? Kupatula apo, mtengo wamankhwala oterowo ndiwokwera, ndiye kodi chidziwitso chokhudza ubwino wa ma statins ndikuyesa kukopa ogula? Kodi alidi ndi thanzi labwino?

Ngakhale zotsatira za kafukufuku zikutsimikizira kusakhalapo kwa zotsatirapo zoyipa za mankhwala m'thupi la munthu, ndi akatswiri ochepa omwe angavomereze molimba mtima ma statins kuti alowe. Izi ndizowona makamaka kwa odwala okalamba. Kumbali ina, zoyeserera zatsimikizira kuti chithandizo chamankhwala ndi ma statins chimathandizira kuchepetsa cholesterol. Amatetezanso ku matenda angapo oopsa. Koma akatswiri ambiri ali ndi malingaliro osiyana, akukhulupirira kuti zotsatira zabwino za ma statins zimalumikizidwa ndi chiopsezo chachikulu. Kuthekera kwa zotsatirapo ndikokwera kwambiri, zomwe ndizowopsa kwa odwala okalamba.

Panthawi imodzimodziyo, mankhwala a gulu ili amavomerezedwa muzochitika zotsatirazi:

• Pamene chitetezo chachiwiri chimaperekedwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima kapena sitiroko;

• Ndi matenda a ischemic ndi chiopsezo chokhala ndi zovuta zosiyanasiyana;

• Ndi coronary syndrome kapena matenda a mtima;

• Opaleshoni yodutsa m'mitsempha yama coronary imaphatikizaponso kumwa ma statins.

Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa ma statins pamaso pa matenda a shuga, komanso amayi omwe sanakwanitse msinkhu wosiya kusamba, sikulimbikitsidwa. Palibe chifukwa chomwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo ngati n'kotheka kupeza mankhwala ena kuti mupewe zotsatirapo.

Ma pharmacies aku Russia amapereka kugwiritsa ntchito ma statins awa ndi zochitika zosiyanasiyana:

1. Rosuvastatin: Acorta, Crestor, Mertenil, Rosuvastatin, Rosucard, Rosulip, Roxera, Tevastor

2. Lovastatin: Cardiostatin, Choletar, Cardiostatin

3. Atorvastatin: + Atomax, Atorvastatin Canon, Atoris, Liprimar, Torvacard, Tulip, Liptonorm

4. Fluvastatin: Leskol Forte

5. Simvastatin: Vasilip, Zokor, Ovencor, Simvagexal, Simvacard, Simvastatin, Simvastol, Simvor, Simgal, Simlo, Sinkard

Mankhwala amapezeka m'njira zosiyanasiyana, mtengo wake umasiyananso.

Momwe mungasankhire ma statins?

Wodwala ayenera kusankha yekha kumwa ma statins. Pankhaniyi, choyamba muyenera kukaonana ndi katswiri wodziwa bwino amene, ngati n'koyenera, adzapereka mankhwala enieni. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuchitapo kanthu popanda kuthandizidwa ndi dokotala. Ngati mayeso a magazi a biochemical akuwonetsa kukhalapo kwa zovuta zilizonse, muyenera kupita kwa akatswiri ndi endocrinologist. Inde, posankha ma statins, dokotala amaganizira za jenda, zaka komanso kulemera kwa wodwalayo, amaganizira ngati ali ndi zizolowezi zoyipa komanso matenda osatha.

Pa chithandizo, m`pofunika kutsatira mlingo wokhazikitsidwa ndi katswiri, nthawi zonse kuyesedwa. Ngati mankhwala ochokera kunja omwe akulimbikitsidwa ndi dokotala sapezeka chifukwa cha kukwera mtengo, komwe kumakhala kwa ma statins ambiri, mutha kupeza analogue yotsika mtengo yapakhomo. Ngakhale izi zingakhudze mphamvu ya chida.

Ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti ndikotetezeka kumwa Mlingo wochepa wa rosuvastatin m'matenda a chiwindi, omwe amatha kusinthidwa ndi pravastatin. Simungathe kuphatikiza mankhwala ndi mowa kapena maantibayotiki. Ubwino waukulu wa pravastatin ndi kawopsedwe kakang'ono, chifukwa chake amawonetsedwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi ululu wa minofu. Kuthekera kwa kuphatikiza ma statins ndi nicotinic acid kumakhalabe nkhani yotsutsana. Pali lingaliro lakuti izi zingayambitse kuwonjezereka kwa matenda aakulu.

Chifukwa chiyani ma statins ndi owopsa?

Ku Russia, mankhwala adayikidwa mwachangu pambuyo pa madokotala aku America. Matenda a ischemic, matenda oopsa - matenda onsewa amathandizidwa ndi ma statins. Pankhaniyi, mlingo waukulu unagwiritsidwa ntchito. Komabe, ku United States, posakhalitsa panachitika kafukufuku yemwe anatsimikizira kugwirizana pakati pa chitukuko cha matenda ambiri ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ma statins. Mu 2013, British Medical Journal inafalitsa zambiri zokhudza zotsatira zake pa thanzi la odwala. Koma ku Russia kunalibe maphunziro odziimira okha, ndipo akatswiri akupitirizabe kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a gulu ili.

Ku Canada, zidapezeka kuti odwala okalamba omwe amawatenga nthawi zambiri amawona kuwonongeka kwachangu komanso kukula kwa ng'ala. Kuopsa kumawonjezeka kwambiri pamaso pa matenda a shuga.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kukayikira za ma statins: +

• Mankhwala osokoneza bongo amatha kukhudza cholesterol kuti ikhale yocheperako, yomwe ndi yowopsa kuposa kuchuluka kwake. Zingayambitse zotupa zoopsa, matenda a chiwindi, kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi, sitiroko, kudzipha ndi kuvutika maganizo.

• Ma Statins amasokoneza ntchito yobwezeretsa cholesterol. Chifukwa cha cholesterol, kuwonongeka kumachotsedwa m'thupi. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti ndi chimodzi mwa zigawo zofunika kwambiri mu zikuchokera zipsera minofu. Komanso, cholesterol yoyipa ndiyofunikira pakukula kwa minofu ndi thupi lonse. Kuperewera kwake kumayambitsa kupweteka kwa minofu ndi dystrophy.

• Kuperewera kwa Magnesium, osati cholesterol yochulukirapo, kumayambitsa sitiroko ndi matenda amtima. Lingaliro ili likukayika pakufunika kogwiritsa ntchito ma statins.

• Pamodzi ndi kuchepa kwa mafuta a kolesterolini, kaphatikizidwe kazinthu zina zambiri zofunika m'thupi kumachepetsedwanso. Izi zimagwiranso ntchito pagulu ngati melovanate. Imakhudzidwa ndi ntchito zambiri zamoyo, kuphatikiza kupanga cholesterol.

• Kuchita kwa ma statins kumayambitsa matenda a shuga, omwe amakhudzanso kaphatikizidwe ka cholesterol ndikupangitsa kuti pakhale matenda ena. Chifukwa chake, malinga ndi ofufuza ku Germany, zimayambitsa angina pectoris ndi arrhythmia, sitiroko. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni omwe amatsogolera kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Malinga ndi zotsatira za kafukufuku, amayi omwe ali ndi zaka zosiya kusamba ali pachiopsezo.

• Pali mavuto muubongo chifukwa chomwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Choyamba, ma statins amakhudza kagayidwe ka cholesterol, zomwe zimakhudza magwiridwe antchito a chiwindi. Pa nthawi yomweyi, mankhwalawa ali ndi zotsatira zabwino pa mitsempha ya magazi. Komabe, mphamvu iliyonse ya mankhwala imawononga thupi. Zotsatira zake, kusintha kosasinthika kumachitika muzochitika zakuthupi, kuphatikizapo zochitika zamaganizidwe zimatha kusokonezedwa.

• Zotsatira zoyipa za ma statins nthawi zambiri zimapezeka mochedwa.

Asayansi ena, powona kuti cholesterol yokwera ngati chitsimikiziro cha kukhalapo kwa matenda oopsa, amawonetsa kupsinjika ndi zotupa zina monga zomwe zimayambitsa matenda amtima. Mayiko angapo akhala akulimbikitsa anthu kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi kwa nthawi yaitali pofuna kupewa mavuto m’ntchito ya mtima. Chifukwa cha izi, kuchuluka kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda otere achepa, zomwe zatsimikizira kuti cholesterol imatha kukhazikika posiya zizolowezi zoyipa ndikusankha masewera ndi zakudya zoyenera. Chifukwa chake, kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi kumakupatsani mwayi wopewa kumwa mankhwala osiyanasiyana omwe ali ndi zotsatirapo zambiri, ndikupewa kukula kwa ma pathologies owopsa.

Chinthu chinanso choyipa chotenga ma statins

Malinga ndi kafukufuku wina wa anthu 3070 azaka za 60 ndi kupitirira, kugwiritsa ntchito ma statins kumayambitsa kupweteka kwa minofu mwa 30% ya anthu, zomwe zimalepheretsa kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Chifukwa cha kuwonjezeka kwa ululu mu minofu, odwala amakana kusewera masewera, kuyenda pang'ono. Zinthu zonsezi zimabweretsa kunenepa ndikuwonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima.

Ma Fibrates Amathandizira Kutsitsa Kolesterol

Ma fibric acid omwe amachokera ku fibrate nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa ma statins. Iwo amachita mwachindunji pachiwindi, kuchepetsa excretion wake wa mafuta m`thupi. Ma fibrates amakhudzanso kuchuluka kwa lipids, amachepetsa mapangidwe a extravascular deposits. Mukatha kumwa mankhwalawa, mulingo wa cholesterol yabwino komanso yoyipa imakhazikika.

Pamodzi ndi zotsatira zabwino, ma fibrate amakhalanso ndi zotsatira zoyipa, zowonetsedwa mwa mawonekedwe a:

• Chiwindi, kapamba, kutsegula m'mimba, nseru, kusanza, kupweteka m'mimba;

• venous thromboembolism, pulmonary embolism;

• Kufooka kwa minofu ndi spasms, kufalitsa myalgia;

• mutu, kukanika kugonana;

• Kuwala tcheru ndi thupi lawo siligwirizana.

Nthawi zambiri, mankhwala ovuta amagwiritsidwa ntchito, kuphatikiza ma fibrate ndi ma statins. Choncho, n`zotheka kuchepetsa mlingo wa omaliza.

Fibrates imayimiridwa ndi mibadwo itatu:

1. Clofibrate - fibrate yachikale ya m'badwo woyamba, tsopano sagwiritsidwanso ntchito, popeza zatsimikiziridwa kuti zimathandizira kuoneka kwa oncology;

2. Gemfibrozil, bezafibrate - mawonekedwewo ndi ofanana kwambiri ndi clorifibrate, koma ali ndi kawopsedwe kakang'ono. Imaonedwanso kuti ndi yachikale, tsopano imagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri;

3. Fenofibrate, Ciprofibrate - ndi ya m'badwo wa 3 wa ma fibrates, tsopano ndi otchuka kwambiri. Kuphatikiza pa kutsitsa cholesterol, imachepetsa kuchuluka kwa uric acid, komanso imachepetsa mwayi wazovuta za matenda a shuga. Kugulitsidwa pansi pa mayina amalonda a Traykor (France), Lipantil 200 M (France), Fenofibrate Canon (Russia), Exlip (Turkey).

Kuchepetsa kuyamwa kwa cholesterol m'matumbo

Zambiri zomwe zimafunikira tsiku lililonse za cholesterol zimakwaniritsidwa ndi thupi, zina zonse zimadzazidwe ndi chakudya.

Normalization wa mlingo wa kolesterolini ndi masoka kukonzekera

Madokotala ambiri amalimbikitsa m'malo mwa ma statins ndi ma fibrate kuti achepetse cholesterol ndi njira zotsatirazi:

• Omega-3 mafuta acids. Amapezeka mumafuta ambiri a nsomba ndi mafuta a flaxseed, ndipo amagwira ntchito ngati prophylactic motsutsana ndi sitiroko, kusokonezeka kwamanjenje, ndi nyamakazi. Nthawi yomweyo, mlingo wamafuta a nsomba suyenera kuphwanyidwa, chifukwa kuchuluka kwake kumatha kuyambitsa kapamba.

• Dzungu. Mankhwala achilengedwe awa ndi mafuta ambewu ya dzungu. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popewa atherosulinosis ya ziwiya zaubongo, chiwindi, cholecystitis, ali ndi anti-yotupa, hepatoprotective, choleretic ndi antioxidant zotsatira.

• Lipoic acid. Zimalepheretsa atherosulinosis yamitsempha yama coronary, zomwe zimakhudza kuchuluka kwa glycogen m'chiwindi. Mothandizidwa ndi lipoic acid, neuronal trophism imatha kusintha.

• Mavitamini therapy. Gwero labwino kwambiri la zinthu zofunika m'thupi ndi zinthu zachilengedwe zokhala ndi nicotinic ndi folic acid, mavitamini B3, B6, B12.

• zowonjezera zakudya Mwa izi, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito SitoPren - chotsitsa cha phazi la fir. Lili ndi beta-sitosterol, yomwe ilinso ndi ma polyprenols, othandiza pa matenda a atherosclerosis, matenda a shuga.