Kamodzi kudera la Kazakhstan kunali nyanja yamkati. Tsopano changokhala chipululu chouma. Kutha kwa Nyanja ya Aral ndi imodzi mwa masoka akuluakulu a chilengedwe omwe amagwirizanitsidwa ndi mafakitale a zovala. Chimene kale chinali nyumba ya masauzande a nsomba ndi nyama zakuthengo tsopano ndi chipululu chachikulu chokhala ndi tchire ndi ngamila zochepa.
Chifukwa cha kutha kwa nyanja yonse ndi chophweka: mitsinje ya mitsinje yomwe nthawi ina inkayenda m'nyanja inasinthidwa - makamaka kuti ipereke madzi ku minda ya thonje. Ndipo izi zakhudza chirichonse kuyambira nyengo (nyengo yachilimwe ndi nyengo yachisanu yakhala yovuta kwambiri) ku thanzi la anthu ammudzi.
Madzi ambiri ofanana ndi a ku Ireland asowa m’zaka 40 zokha. Koma kunja kwa Kazakhstan, ambiri sadziwa nkomwe za izo! Simungathe kumvetsetsa zovuta zomwe zikuchitika popanda kukhalapo, osamva ndikuwona tsokalo ndi maso anu.
Kodi mumadziwa kuti thonje imatha kuchita izi? Ndipo izi sindizo zonse zomwe makampani opanga nsalu angayambitse chilengedwe!
1. Makampani opanga mafashoni ndi amodzi mwa omwe akuipitsa kwambiri padziko lapansi.
Pali umboni wamphamvu wakuti kupanga zovala ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zisanu zoipitsa kwambiri padziko lapansi. Makampaniwa ndi osakhazikika - anthu amapanga zovala zatsopano zoposa 100 biliyoni kuchokera ku ulusi watsopano chaka chilichonse ndipo dziko lapansi silingathe kuzigwira.
Nthawi zambiri poyerekeza ndi mafakitale ena monga malasha, mafuta, kapena nyama, anthu amaona kuti makampani opanga mafashoni ndi omwe amawononga kwambiri. Koma kwenikweni, ponena za kukhudzidwa kwa chilengedwe, mafakitale a mafashoni sali kutali ndi migodi ya malasha ndi mafuta. Mwachitsanzo, ku UK, matani 300 a zovala amaponyedwa m'matope chaka chilichonse. Kuphatikiza apo, tinthu tating'onoting'ono timene timachapidwa m'zovala takhala timayambitsa kuipitsidwa kwa pulasitiki m'mitsinje ndi nyanja.
2. Thonje ndi chinthu chosakhazikika.
Thonje nthawi zambiri imaperekedwa kwa ife ngati zinthu zoyera komanso zachilengedwe, koma kwenikweni ndi imodzi mwa mbewu zosakhazikika padziko lapansi chifukwa chodalira madzi ndi mankhwala.
Kutha kwa Nyanja ya Aral ndi chimodzi mwa zitsanzo zomveka bwino. Ngakhale kuti mbali ina ya nyanjayi inapulumutsidwa ku makampani a thonje, zotsatira za nthawi yaitali za zomwe zinachitika ndi zazikulu: kutayika kwa ntchito, kuwonongeka kwa thanzi la anthu komanso nyengo yoipa.
Tangoganizani: pamafunika kuchuluka kwa madzi kuti mupange thumba limodzi la zovala zomwe munthu mmodzi angamwe kwa zaka 80!
3. Zowononga zowononga mitsinje.
Umodzi mwa mitsinje yoipitsidwa kwambiri padziko lonse, Mtsinje wa Citarum ku Indonesia, tsopano wadzaza ndi mankhwala moti mbalame ndi makoswe zimangofera m’madzi ake. Mafakitale mazana ambiri a m’deralo amathira mankhwala ochokera m’mafakitale awo mumtsinje mmene ana amasambiramo ndipo madzi ake amagwiritsidwabe ntchito kuthirira mbewu.
Mpweya wa okosijeni mumtsinjewo unachepa chifukwa cha mankhwala amene anapha nyama zonse zimene zinali mmenemo. Wasayansi wakumaloko atayesa chitsanzo cha madziwo, anapeza kuti munali mercury, cadmium, lead ndi arsenic.
Kuwonekera kwa nthawi yaitali kuzinthuzi kungayambitse matenda osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo matenda a ubongo, ndipo mamiliyoni a anthu amakumana ndi madzi oipitsidwawa.
4. Ma brand ambiri satenga udindo pazotsatira zake.
Mtolankhani wa HuffPost Stacey Dooley adapita ku Copenhagen Sustainability Summit komwe adakumana ndi atsogoleri ochokera ku zimphona zamafashoni za ASOS ndi Primark. Koma atayamba kukamba za kukhudzidwa kwa chilengedwe cha mafakitale a mafashoni, palibe amene anali wokonzeka kutenga nkhaniyi.
Dooley anatha kulankhula ndi Levi’s Chief Innovation Officer, amene analankhula mosapita m’mbali za mmene kampaniyo ikupezera njira zothetsera kuwononga madzi. "Njira yathu ndiyo kuthyola zovala zakale zomwe sizingakhudze madzi a dziko lapansi ndikuzipanga kukhala ulusi watsopano womwe umamveka komanso wowoneka ngati thonje," adatero Paul Dillinger. "Tikuchitanso zomwe tingathe kuti tigwiritse ntchito madzi ochepa popanga, ndipo tidzagawana zomwe tingachite ndi aliyense."
Chowonadi ndi chakuti makampani akuluakulu sangasinthe njira zawo zopangira pokhapokha ngati wina wa oyang'anira awo asankha kutero kapena malamulo atsopano amawakakamiza kutero.
Makampani opanga mafashoni amagwiritsa ntchito madzi okhala ndi zotsatira zowononga zachilengedwe. Opanga amataya mankhwala oopsa m'zinthu zachilengedwe. Chinachake chiyenera kusintha! Zili m'manja mwa ogula kukana kugula zinthu kuchokera kuzinthu zomwe zili ndi matekinoloje opangira osakhazikika kuti awakakamize kuti ayambe kusintha.