Ndi kukula kotani komwe kumaloledwa kugwidwa?

Pike wamba ndi nsomba ya banja la pike. Amapezeka m'madzi atsopano a Eurasia ndi North America. Amakhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi m'nkhalango zamadzi. Mmodzi mwa zikho ankakonda pakati anglers. Pali nthano zambiri za pikes zazikulu zomwe zimapezeka m'masungidwe athu. Koma kodi ndi zoona? Tiyeni tiwone kukula kwake kwa pike komanso kuchuluka kwa woimira wamkulu wa "toothy" wogwidwa akulemera.

Kodi pike imakula bwanji?

Ndi kukula kotani komwe kumaloledwa kugwidwa?

Asayansi amakhulupirira kuti pike sakhala zaka zoposa 30-33. Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti ndi ochepa chabe mwa iwo amene amapulumuka mpaka ukalamba woterowo. Kukula kwawo kumapitirira moyo wonse. Komabe, mphamvu yake imasiyana kwambiri chaka ndi chaka. Amakula kwambiri mu kasupe, m'chilimwe njirayi imachedwetsa, ndipo m'dzinja imayambiranso, ngakhale osati mofulumira monga masika. Kumadera akummwera amakula kwambiri, kumpoto - pang'ono.

Nsomba zimenezi zimatha kukula kwambiri. Pike yayikulu imatha kutalika pafupifupi 2 metres ndikulemera pafupifupi ma kilogalamu 30-35.

Thandizeni: Pali mitundu 5 ya pike. Awiri a iwo amakhala m'madzi atsopano a Eurasia, iyi ndi pike wamba (kumpoto) ndi Amur. Enanso atatu amakhala m'madzi aku America, awa ndi ma pike ovala, amizeremizere komanso ofiira.

Malinga ndi zomwe Sabaneev adawona, pike wamkulu amawonjezera pafupifupi 2 cm kutalika pachaka. Zizindikirozi zimangodalira zokhazokha ndipo zonse zimadalira zinthu zambiri.

Ziwerengero zenizeni zimasiyana malinga ndi malo okhala ndi ma nuances ena:

  • kukula kwa malo amadzi;
  • kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamagulu;
  • chiwerengero cha chilombo ichi;
  • mpweya wabwino;
  • mankhwala zikuchokera madzi.

Odziwa kupha nsomba amadziwa kuti mitsinje ikuluikulu ndi malo osungiramo madzi amasunga zitsanzo zambiri za zikho kuposa zosungira zing'onozing'ono. M'mayiwe ang'onoang'ono ndi nyanja, pike "imalimba". Izi zikutanthauza kuti thupi la nsomba limakhala lolimba, loponderezedwa mbali zonse. M'madera ang'onoang'ono amadzi, kukula kwa chilombo chimasintha; sichidzatha kupeza misa yake yonse ngakhale ndi utali wa moyo wofanana ndi wa achibale a toothy ochokera kumadzi akuluakulu.

Zomwe pike amadya zimakhudzanso kukula kwake. M'mitsinje yaing'ono, chakudya chofooka chikhoza kuchepetsa kulemera kwa nsomba. Palinso chakudya chochepa m'madzi otsekedwa omwe alibe mitsinje. Panthawi ya kusefukira kwa madzi, nsomba zimafika kumeneko kuti zibereke, pambuyo pake madzi amatsika, ndipo pike imakhalabe mpaka nyengo yotsatira ya madzi okwera. M'malo oterowo, chilombo chokhala ndi thupi losagwirizana nthawi zambiri chimabwera: chimakhala ndi mutu waukulu komanso thupi lochepa thupi.

Pansi pa chakudya cha nyama yolusa yomwe ili ndi mawanga ndi:

  • leech, tadpoles, nyongolotsi;
  • crustaceans ndi zamoyo benthic;
  • achule, nsomba zazing'ono;
  • mbalame zam'madzi ndi makoswe.

Pike sanyoza ana ake ndipo nthawi zambiri amaukira mtundu wake. Kukamwa kwakukulu kumamulola kudya chilichonse: kuyambira nsomba zazing'ono mpaka makoswe osambira kuwoloka mtsinje. Kumayambiriro kwa moyo, pamene mphutsi zimatuluka kuchokera ku mazira zimayamba njira yawoyawo, zimadya plankton, cyclops, daphnia ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono. Fry ya pike imakhala ndi kutalika kwa 7-8 mm ndipo, thumba la yolk likasinthidwa, limasintha kukhala moyo wa nyama yolusa.

M'chaka choyamba, nsomba yaing'ono imalemera 100 g ndipo imatha kudya nsomba za caviar, mphutsi, ndi ana. Pike yaying'ono imakhala pamadzi osaya, pamalire a zomera, m'mphepete mwa madzi pamwamba pa maenje.

Kusowa kwa zilombo zamitundu ina kumakupatsani mwayi womasuka, kudya mochuluka komanso osawopa kuukiridwa ndi nsomba, chub, zander kapena nsomba. Zing'onozing'ono za pike m'dera lamadzi, zimakhala zosavuta kuti zipeze misa.

M’nyengo yozizira, njala ya okosijeni ikayamba pansi pa ayezi, nsomba zimakula pang’onopang’ono. Mphamvu zonse zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakukula kwa mazira mkati mwa munthu, zakudya zake komanso ubwino wa ana amtsogolo.

Osati chinthu chomaliza chomwe chimakhudza kukula kwa pike ndi kapangidwe ka madzi. Madzi olimba amakhudza kulemera kwa nyama yolusa, ndikuyichepetsa. M'malo osungiramo miyala ya zipolopolo, pike imakula pang'onopang'ono kusiyana ndi m'nyanja ya peat. Mchere umathandizanso.

Chikoka chotsimikizika chimaperekedwa ndi kukakamizidwa kwa anglers. Ambiri okonda zosangalatsa zapanja amangogwira ana mosasamala, amachotsa ziwonetsero zomwe zitha kubereka ana akulu.

Nsomba za pike zimakhudza kukhalapo kwa nyama yolusa m'malo osungiramo madzi, komanso chiwerengero cha anthu akuluakulu. Ngati tiganizira zomwe akatswiri a ichthyologists awona, ndiye kuti tikhoza kunena motsimikiza kuti zimatenga zaka zosachepera 10 kuti chilombo chachikulu chiwoneke mu dziwe. Makhalidwe, chiŵerengero cha akazi ndi amuna chimasintha ndi zaka. M'zaka zoyambirira za moyo, iwo amagawidwa mofanana, ndiye pali kusintha kwa amuna. Pa zaka 10-12, pali akazi ambiri; pofika kumapeto kwa moyo, chiŵerengerochi chimayima pafupifupi 10/90%. Akazi amapeza kulemera kwambiri ndikukhala moyo wautali.

Ndi kukula kotani komwe kumaloledwa kugwidwa?Ndi kukula kotani komwe kumaloledwa kugwidwa?

Kulemera kwapakati ndi kukula kwa pike

Mu 1930 ku Lake Ilmen, nyama yolusa ya mamita 1,9 kutalika ndi kulemera 35 kg inagwidwa. Izi zinali nkhani zochititsa chidwi, chifukwa pike nthawi zambiri amakula mamita 1,6 ndipo amalemera 25 kg.

Panopa asodzi alibe mwayi monga analili kale. Amagwira anthu ang'onoang'ono 50-70 cm ndi kulemera kwa 1,2-3 kg. Nsomba zolemera 3-7 kg ndizochepa kwambiri. Asodzi ambiri amasaka pike yolemera 14-15 kg moyo wawo wonse, koma samachipeza.

Ndi kukula kotani komwe kumaloledwa kugwidwa?

Nsomba zazikulu kwambiri zimakhala m'madzi akutchire, kumene zimakhala ndi mwayi wokhala ndi moyo mpaka ukalamba.

Amakhulupirira kuti adani awa amakhala nthawi yayitali kwambiri - kuposa zaka 100. Komabe, iyi ndi nthano chabe. Ndipotu, amakhala zaka 18-20. Pansi pamikhalidwe yabwino komanso madzi okwanira ndi mpweya, ma pikes amatha kukhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka 30, koma nthawi zambiri amafa pamene mpweya wa okosijeni m'madzi uli pansi pa 3 mg / l. Nthawi zambiri, kupha nsomba zambiri kumachitika m'madzi osaya m'nyengo yozizira, pamene mpweya wa okosijeni wamadzi umatsika chifukwa cha icing pamwamba.

Table: Chiŵerengero cha zaka, kukula ndi kulemera kwa pike

Kuti mudziwe zaka za pike ndi kulemera kwake ndi kukula kwake, mungagwiritse ntchito zotsatirazi:

Ndi kukula kotani komwe kumaloledwa kugwidwa?

Kuchokera patebulo mutha kudziwa kuchuluka kwa nyama yolusa yomwe imafika 50, 60, 80 cm ngakhale 1 m kutalika, kapena mosemphanitsa - dziwani zaka za pike kutalika kapena kulemera. Mwachitsanzo: pike wautali wa mita amalemera pafupifupi 8,5-9,5 kg, ndipo munthu wolemera 3 kg amakhala pafupifupi zaka 12.

Kulemera kwakukulu kwa pike

Asodzi amapanga nthano zambiri, nthano ndi nthano za nsomba zazikulu. Malinga ndi nthano ina yotereyi, pike wamkulu kwambiri adagwidwa ku Germany. Kulemera kwake kunali 140 kg, ndipo kutalika kwake kunali 5,7 m. Komabe, nkhaniyi sichirikizidwa ndi mfundo iliyonse.

Ndi kukula kotani komwe kumaloledwa kugwidwa?

Mdziko lapansi

Tsiku lina lozizira la October mu 1986 ku Germany, msodzi Louis Lotaru anakoka munthu wamkulu wolemera makilogalamu 25 kuchokera ku Nyanja ya Griffin. Pa nthawi imeneyo inali mbiri, izo zinalembedwa mu Guinness Book. Pambuyo pake, adafunsanso magazini odziwika bwino omwe adachita chidwi ndi nsomba zake. Wowotchera ng'ombeyo adanena kuti sankaganiza kuti pikes zazikulu zoterezi zikhoza kupezeka mu Nyanja ya Griffin. Anagwidwa ali moyo. Louis ngakhale anavutika, kutulutsa zomwe adapeza m'madzi - adaluma manja ake.

Komanso pa mndandanda wa nsomba zazikulu kwambiri ndi pike, yomwe inagwidwa ku Switzerland ndi msodzi Akom Nilsson. Nyamayo inalemera 21 kg. Nsombayo inagwidwa ndi nyambo. Wamwayi sanathe kumasula adani kwa nthawi yayitali, ndewu idapitilira kwa mphindi 15. Koma munthuyo anasonkhanitsa mphamvu zake ndipo Pikeyo anasiya.

Mu December 1990 ku Switzerland, munthu wolemera makilogalamu 19 anagwidwa pa nyambo yamoyo. Msodzi wina anamugwira pa Nyanja ya Maggiore.

Ku Russia

Munthu wamkulu kwambiri yemwe anagwidwa m'dziko lathu ndi mbiri ya 1930. Pike inagwidwa ku Nyanja ya Ilmen. Network ili ndi chithunzi ndi nsomba iyi (onani pansipa). Asodzi atatu athanzi akumugwira m'manja. Nyama yolusayo inalemera 35 kg.

Ndi kukula kotani komwe kumaloledwa kugwidwa?

Mbiri ina ya ku Russia inapangidwa ndi asodzi pafupi ndi tawuni ya Sortavala. Nsomba zazikulu zoterezi zinali mwangozi, anakoka nsomba zina, koma zinali ngati nyambo ya pike yaikulu. Monga nyambo yosadzifunira, panalinso pike yolemera 5 kg. Wowononga mbiriyo adalemera 49 kg.

Komabe, pambuyo pake, kumpoto kwa Russia, mbiri ina inakhazikitsidwa. Bambo wina adagwira chilombo cholemera 56 kg ku Lake Uviddy.

Lembani kulemera

Kulemera kwakukulu kovomerezeka kwa munthu wamkulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi kumalembedwa mu Guinness Book of Records. Anagwidwa ndi msodzi wa ku Ireland m'dziwe la m'deralo. Kulemera kwa pike wamkulu kunali 43,5 kg.

Kukula kwakukulu kwa pike

Malinga ndi asayansi, amatha kufika zaka zopitilira 30 ndikulemera pafupifupi 35 kg.

Kutalika kwakukulu kwa pike

Mpaka pano, kutalika kwake kumafika mita imodzi ndi theka.

Ndi kukula kotani komwe kumaloledwa kugwidwa?

Ndi kukula kwake kotani komwe kumaloledwa kugwidwa

Kukula kwa anthu omwe amaloledwa kugwidwa kumayendetsedwa ndi lamulo la dziko lomwe nsombazo zimachitikira. Nsombazo zimayesedwa kuyambira pachiyambi cha mphuno mpaka pakati pa mchira, kumene mamba amathera.

Ndi kukula kwake kotani komwe kumaloledwa kugwidwa ku Russia

Malinga ndi malamulo a Chitaganya cha Russia cha 2019, ndalama zololeka ndi:

  1. Pike ndi kuwonongeka kwakukulu kuchokera 25 cm.
  2. Ndi kuwonongeka kochepa kuchokera ku 35 cm.

Anagwidwa Pike ang'onoang'ono kukula ayenera kumasulidwa mu dziwe mosalephera. Msodzi akayang'aniridwa ndi kuwunika kwa nsomba ndikuphwanya kukula kwa nsombazo, amawopsezedwa ndi zilango zotsatirazi:

  • kwa nthawi yoyamba - chindapusa cha ruble 5000 ndi kulanda nsomba ndi zida zonse zophera;
  • kachiwiri - chindapusa cha ma ruble 300 ndi kulanda zida.

Ndi kukula kotani komwe kumaloledwa kugwidwa?

Ngati msodzi aphwanya lamulo nthawi zonse, ndiye kuti woyang'anira nsomba ali ndi ufulu wonse wofunsira kwa akuluakulu a zaufulu wa anthu ndikukakamiza msodziyo kuti akhale ndi mlandu.

Ndi kukula kwake kotani komwe kumaloledwa kugwidwa ku Belarus

Ku Republic of Belarus, nsomba za pike ndizoletsedwa panthawi yobereketsa - kuyambira March 1 mpaka April 15 m'madera onse kupatula Vitebsk. Ndipo m'dera la Vitebsk, simungathe kugwira nsomba iyi kuyambira March 9 mpaka April 25. Kukula kwa anthu payekha kuyenera kukhala osachepera 35 cm.

Simungathe kugwira nsomba yoposa 5 kg pa munthu patsiku.

Pa gawo la our country

Akuluakulu aku our country amasamaliranso kubwezeretsedwa kwa biocenosis yamadzi. Lamulo limaletsa kugwira pike m'dera la Black Sea zosakwana 32 cm, kutalika kwa chilombo m'chigawo cha Azov kuyenera kukhala osachepera 35 cm. Munthu wamng'ono amatha kubweretsa ana ambiri, chifukwa chake nsomba yotereyi ikafika pa mbedza, iyenera kumasulidwa nthawi yomweyo m'madzi.

Pike ndi nsomba yapadera, yomwe nthano zambiri ndi nthano zapangidwa, zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kukula kwake kwakukulu. Tsoka ilo, pikes zazikulu ndizosowa kwambiri m'zaka za zana la 21. Koma, mwina tsiku lina mudzakhala ndi mwayi ndipo mudzakhala mwiniwake wa rekodi.

Siyani Mumakonda