Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti pali kulumikizana kwachindunji pakati pa zilankhulo ziwiri ndi luntha, luso lokumbukira komanso kuchita bwino kwambiri pamaphunziro. Pamene ubongo umagwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso bwino kwambiri, udzatha kuteteza kuchepa kwa chidziwitso chokhudzana ndi ukalamba.
Zinenero zovuta kwambiri
US Department of State Foreign Service Institute (FSI) imayika zilankhulo m'magulu anayi azovuta kwa olankhula Chingerezi. Gulu 1, losavuta kwambiri, likuphatikizapo Chifalansa, Chijeremani, Chiindoneziya, Chitaliyana, Chipwitikizi, Chiromania, Chisipanishi ndi Chiswahili. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa FSI, zimatengera pafupifupi ola limodzi kuti mukwaniritse bwino zilankhulo zonse za Gulu 1. Zimatenga maola a 480 kuti mukwaniritse luso lomwelo m'zilankhulo za Gulu 2 (Chibugariya, Chiburma, Greek, Hindi, Persian ndi Urdu). Zinthu zimakhala zovuta kwambiri ndi Amharic, Cambodian, Czech, Finnish, Hebrew, Icelandic ndi Russian - zidzafunika maola a 720 ochita. Gulu 1100 lili ndi zilankhulo zovuta kwambiri kwa olankhula Chingerezi: Chiarabu, Chitchaina, Chijapani ndi Chikorea - zidzatenga maola 4 kuti wolankhula Chingerezi azitha kulankhula bwino.
Ngakhale ndalama nthawi, akatswiri amakhulupirira kuti chinenero chachiwiri ndi ofunika kuphunzira, osachepera ubwino chidziwitso. "Imakulitsa ntchito zathu zazikulu, kuthekera kokumbukira zambiri ndikuchotsa zidziwitso zosafunika. Zimatchedwa ntchito zazikulu chifukwa chofanana ndi luso la CEO: kuyang'anira gulu la anthu, kusanthula zambiri, ndi kuchita zinthu zambiri," akutero Julie Fieze, pulofesa wa sayansi ya ubongo pa yunivesite ya Pittsburgh.
Ubongo wa zilankhulo ziwiri umadalira ntchito zazikulu - monga kuletsa kuletsa, kukumbukira ntchito, ndi kusinthasintha kwachidziwitso - kusunga bwino pakati pa zilankhulo ziwiri, malinga ndi kafukufuku wa yunivesite ya Northwestern. Popeza kuti zilankhulo zonse ziwirizi zimakhala zogwira ntchito komanso zimapikisana, njira zoyendetsera ubongo zimalimbikitsidwa nthawi zonse.
Lisa Meneghetti, wosanthula deta wochokera ku Italy, ndi hyperpolyglot, kutanthauza kuti amadziwa bwino zilankhulo zisanu ndi chimodzi kapena kuposerapo. Kwa iye, English, French, Swedish, Spanish, Russian and Italian. Pamene akusamukira ku chinenero chatsopano, makamaka chomwe chili ndi zovuta zochepa zomwe zimafuna kupirira pang'ono mwachidziwitso, ntchito yake yaikulu ndikupewa kusakaniza mawu. “N’kwachibadwa kuti ubongo usinthe n’kugwiritsa ntchito njira zake. Izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri ndi zilankhulo zomwe zimachokera m'banja limodzi chifukwa kufanana kumakhala kwakukulu," akutero. Njira yabwino yopeŵera vutoli, akutero Meneghetti, ndiyo kuphunzira chinenero chimodzi panthaŵi imodzi ndi kusiyanitsa mabanja a zinenero.
Ola lokhazikika
Kuphunzira zofunikira za chinenero chilichonse ndi ntchito yofulumira. Mapulogalamu apaintaneti ndi mapulogalamu akuthandizani kuti muphunzire moni pang'ono ndi mawu osavuta pa liwiro la mphezi. Kuti mudziwe zambiri, polyglot Timothy Doner amalimbikitsa kuwerenga ndi kuwonera zomwe zimakopa chidwi chanu.
“Ngati mumakonda kuphika, gulani buku lophikira la chinenero china. Ngati mumakonda mpira, yesani kuwonera masewera akunja. Ngakhale mutangotenga mawu pang’ono patsiku ndipo ambiri akamamveka ngati opanda pake, adzakhalabe osavuta kukumbukira pambuyo pake,” akutero.
M’pofunika kumvetsetsa bwino lomwe mmene mukukonzekera kugwiritsira ntchito chinenerocho m’tsogolo. Zolinga zanu za chinenero chatsopano zikatsimikiziridwa, mukhoza kuyamba kukonzekera ndondomeko yanu ya tsiku ndi tsiku ya ola yomwe ili ndi njira zingapo zophunzirira.
Pali malangizo ambiri amomwe mungaphunzirire bwino chinenero. Koma akatswiri onse ndi otsimikiza za chinthu chimodzi: kuchoka pa kuphunzira mabuku ndi mavidiyo ndi kuthera osachepera theka la ola kulankhula ndi wolankhula mbadwa, kapena ndi munthu wodziwa bwino chinenero. “Ena amaphunzira chinenerocho poyesa kuloweza mawu ndi kuyeseza katchulidwe katchulidwe payekha, mwakachetechete, ndiponso mwa iwo eni. Sapita patsogolo kwenikweni, sizingawathandize kugwiritsa ntchito chinenerocho,” akutero Fieze.
Mofanana ndi luso la chida choimbira, ndi bwino kuphunzira chinenero kwa nthawi yochepa, koma nthawi zonse, kusiyana ndi kawirikawiri, koma kwa nthawi yaitali. Popanda chizolowezi chokhazikika, ubongo suyambitsa njira zozama zachidziwitso ndipo sukhazikitsa mgwirizano pakati pa chidziwitso chatsopano ndi kuphunzira m'mbuyomu. Chifukwa chake, ola limodzi patsiku, masiku asanu pa sabata, lidzakhala lothandiza kuposa kuguba mokakamizidwa kwa maola asanu kamodzi pa sabata. Malinga ndi FSI, zimatenga sabata imodzi kapena pafupifupi zaka ziwiri kuti mukwaniritse chilankhulo cha Gulu 1.
IQ ndi EQ
“Kuphunzira chinenero china kudzakuthandizaninso kukhala munthu womvetsetsa ndi wachifundo, kukupatsani zitseko za kaganizidwe ndi kamvedwe kosiyana. Ndi za IQ ndi EQ (nzeru zam'maganizo) zophatikizidwa," akutero Meneghetti.
Kulankhulana m'zilankhulo zina kumathandizira kukulitsa luso la "luso lachikhalidwe". Malinga ndi Baker, luso la zikhalidwe ndi kuthekera kopanga ubale wabwino ndi anthu osiyanasiyana azikhalidwe zina.
Ola limodzi patsiku lophunzira chinenero chatsopano likhoza kuwonedwa ngati chizolowezi chothetsa kusiyana pakati pa anthu ndi zikhalidwe. Zotsatira zake zidzakhala luso lolankhulana bwino lomwe lingakufikitseni pafupi ndi anthu kuntchito, kunyumba kapena kunja. "Mukakumana ndi malingaliro osiyana a dziko, munthu wa chikhalidwe chosiyana, mumasiya kuweruza ena ndikukhala ogwira mtima kuthetsa mikangano," akutero Baker.