Kodi adzukulu athu, poyang’ana m’mbuyo zaka zambiri pambuyo pake, adzakumbukira nthaŵi yathu monga nthaŵi imene anthu ankadya zamoyo zina, pamene agogo awo anaphatikizika m’kukhetsa mwazi ndi kuvutika kosafunikira? Kodi zakale - zathu zamakono - zidzakhala kwa iwo chiwonetsero chosayerekezeka komanso choyipa chachiwawa chosatha? Kanemayo, yemwe adatulutsidwa ndi BBC mu 2017, akufunsa mafunso ngati awa. Filimuyi ikufotokoza za utopia yomwe idabwera mu 2067, pamene anthu amasiya kuweta nyama kuti adye.
Carnage ndi kanema wanyimbo wotsogozedwa ndi woseketsa Simon Amstell. Koma tiyeni tiganizire mozama za uthenga wake kwa kanthaŵi. Kodi dziko la "post-nyama" lingatheke? Kodi titha kukhala gulu lomwe nyama zowetedwa zili zaufulu ndi kukhala ndi udindo wofanana ndi ife komanso kukhala momasuka pakati pa anthu?
Pali zifukwa zingapo zomveka zomwe tsogolo loterolo liri losatheka. Poyamba, chiwerengero cha nyama zomwe zikuphedwa padziko lonse lapansi ndi chochulukadi pakali pano. Nyama zimafera m’manja mwa anthu chifukwa chosaka nyama, kupha nyama popanda chilolezo komanso kusafuna kusamalira ziweto, koma nyama zambiri zimafa chifukwa cha ulimi wa mafakitale. Ziwerengerozi ndi zodabwitsa: pafupifupi nyama 55 biliyoni zimaphedwa pamakampani azaulimi padziko lonse lapansi chaka chilichonse, ndipo chiwerengerochi chikukulirakulira chaka chilichonse. Ngakhale nkhani zamalonda zokhudzana ndi umoyo wa ziweto zaulimi, ulimi wa fakitale umatanthauza chiwawa, kusapeza bwino ndi kuzunzika kwakukulu.
Ndicho chifukwa chake Yuval Noah Harari, mlembi wa bukhulo, akutcha mmene timachitira nyama zoweta m’mafamu a fakitale “mwinamwake upandu woipitsitsa m’mbiri yonse.”
Ngati mumamvetsera kudya nyama, utopia yamtsogolo ikuwoneka ngati yosatheka. Chowonadi ndi chakuti anthu ambiri omwe amadya nyama amadandaula za ubwino wa zinyama ndipo akuda nkhawa kuti imfa ya nyama kapena kusapeza bwino kumakhudzana ndi nyama yomwe ili pa mbale yawo. Koma, komabe, samakana nyama.
Akatswiri a zamaganizo amatcha mkangano umenewu pakati pa zikhulupiriro ndi khalidwe "kusagwirizana kwa chidziwitso." Dissonance iyi imatipangitsa kukhala osamasuka ndipo timayang'ana njira zochepetsera, koma, mwachilengedwe, nthawi zambiri timagwiritsa ntchito njira zosavuta zochitira izi. Choncho m'malo mosintha khalidwe lathu, timasintha maganizo athu ndikupanga njira zodzilungamitsa (zinyama sizingathe kuvutika monga ife; zinali ndi moyo wabwino) kapena kukana udindo wa izo (ndimachita zomwe ndikuchita zonse; ndizofunikira. ; Ndinakakamizika kudya nyama; ndi chilengedwe).
Njira zochepetsera dissonance, modabwitsa, nthawi zambiri zimabweretsa kuwonjezeka kwa "khalidwe losasangalatsa", pankhaniyi kudya nyama. Mtundu uwu wa khalidwe umasanduka njira yozungulira ndipo imakhala gawo lodziwika bwino la miyambo ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu.
Njira yopita kudziko lopanda nyama
Komabe, pali zifukwa zokhalira ndi chiyembekezo. Choyamba, kafukufuku wamankhwala akutitsimikizira kuti kudya nyama kumakhudzana ndi matenda ambiri. Pakadali pano, zolowa m'malo mwa nyama zikukhala zokopa kwambiri kwa ogula pomwe ukadaulo ukupita patsogolo komanso mitengo yamafuta opangidwa ndi zomera imatsika pang'onopang'ono.
Komanso, anthu ambiri akudandaula za ubwino wa zinyama ndipo akuchitapo kanthu kuti asinthe. Zitsanzo zikuphatikizapo ndawala zachipambano zolimbana ndi anamgumi ogwidwa akapolo ndi nyama zochitira maseŵero, mafunso ofala ponena za makhalidwe a malo osungiramo nyama, ndi kuwonjezereka kwa kayendetsedwe ka ufulu wa zinyama.
Komabe, nyengo ikhoza kukhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chimayambitsa vutoli. Kupanga nyama sikuthandiza kwambiri (chifukwa nyama zaulimi zimadya chakudya chomwe chingadyetse anthu okha), pomwe ng'ombe zimadziwika kuti zimatulutsa methane yambiri. Kuweta ziweto m'mafakitale akuluakulu ndi chimodzi mwa "zomwe zikuthandizira kwambiri ku mavuto aakulu a chilengedwe m'madera onse, kuyambira kumaloko mpaka padziko lonse lapansi". Kuchepetsa kudya nyama padziko lonse lapansi ndi njira imodzi yabwino kwambiri yothanirana ndi kusintha kwa nyengo. Kudya nyama posachedwapa kungayambe kuchepa mwachibadwa chifukwa cha kusowa kwazinthu zopangira.
Palibe mwazochitika izi zomwe zimawonetsa kusintha kwa chikhalidwe pakukula kwa Carnage, koma pamodzi zitha kukhala ndi zotsatira zomwe mukufuna. Anthu omwe amadziwa kuipa konse kwa kudya nyama nthawi zambiri amakhala osadya komanso osadya zamasamba. Zomera zomwe zimamera zimawonekera makamaka pakati pa achinyamata - zomwe ndizofunikira ngati tikuyembekezera kuwona kusintha kwakukulu pambuyo pa zaka 50. Ndipo tivomereze, kufunikira kochita zonse zomwe tingathe kuti pamodzi tichepetse kutulutsa mpweya wa kaboni ndikuchepetsa zovuta zoyipa zakusintha kwanyengo zikhala zovuta kwambiri tikamayandikira chaka cha 2067.
Choncho, zochitika zamakono zimapereka chiyembekezo chakuti kugwirizanitsa maganizo, chikhalidwe ndi chikhalidwe zomwe zimatipangitsa kuti tizidya nyama nthawi zonse zikhoza kuyamba kuchepa. Mafilimu monga Carnage amathandizanso kuti izi zitheke potsegula malingaliro athu ku masomphenya a tsogolo lina. Ngati mudawonapo filimuyi, ipatseni madzulo amodzi - ikhoza kukuseketsani ndikukupatsani malingaliro.