Kuwerengera Nthawi Yachikhulupiriro mu Excel

Excel imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochita ntchito zosiyanasiyana zowerengera, imodzi mwazo ndikuwerengera nthawi yodalirika, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yoyenera kwambiri yosinthira mfundo yokhala ndi chitsanzo chaching'ono.

Tikufuna kuzindikira nthawi yomweyo kuti njira yowerengera nthawi yodalirika ndiyovuta, komabe, mu Excel pali zida zingapo zomwe zidapangidwa kuti zithandizire ntchitoyi. Tiyeni tionepo.

Kuwerengera Kwanthawi Yachikhulupiriro

Pafunika nthawi yodalirika kuti mupereke chiyerekezo chanthawi yake ku data yokhazikika. Cholinga chachikulu cha ntchitoyi ndikuchotsa kusatsimikizika kwa mfundoyi.

Pali njira ziwiri zochitira ntchitoyi mu Microsoft Excel:

• Woyendetsa CHIZINDIKIRO NORM - amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kubalalitsidwa kumadziwika;
• Woyendetsa KUKHULUPIRIRA.WOPHUNZIRApamene kusiyana sikudziwika.

M'munsimu ife pang'onopang'ono kusanthula njira zonse mchitidwe.

Njira 1: TRUST.NORM statement

Ntchitoyi idayambitsidwa koyamba mu gulu lankhondo mu kope la Excel 2010 (lisanachitike, idasinthidwa ndi woyendetsa "WOKHULUPIRIKA”). Wothandizira akuphatikizidwa mu gulu la "statistical".

Ntchito Formula CHIZINDIKIRO NORM zikuwoneka choncho:

=ДОВЕРИТ.НОРМ(Альфа;Станд_откл;Размер)

Monga tikuonera, ntchitoyi ili ndi zifukwa zitatu:

• "Alpha" ndi chizindikiro cha mlingo wa kufunikira, komwe kumatengedwa ngati maziko a kuwerengera. Mulingo wodalirika umawerengedwa motere:
  • 1-"Альфа". Mawuwa amagwira ntchito ngati mtengo "Alpha" kuwonetsedwa ngati koyefithi. Mwachitsanzo, 1-0,7 0,3 =, kumene 0,7=70%/100%.
  • (100-"Альфа")/100. Mawuwa adzagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati tilingalira za chikhulupiliro ndi mtengo wake "Alpha" mu maperesenti. Mwachitsanzo, (100-70) / 100 = 0,3.
• “Standard deviation” - motero, kupatuka koyenera kwa chitsanzo chosanthula deta.
• "Kukula" ndiye kukula kwachitsanzo cha data.

Zindikirani: Pa ntchitoyi, kukhalapo kwa mikangano yonse itatu ndikofunikira.

Wothandizira "WOKHULUPIRIKA”, yomwe idagwiritsidwa ntchito m'matembenuzidwe akale a pulogalamuyi, imakhala ndi mfundo zomwezo ndipo imagwira ntchito zomwezo.

Ntchito Formula WODALIRA motere:

=ДОВЕРИТ(Альфа;Станд_откл;Размер)

Palibe kusiyana mu formula yokha, dzina lokha la woyendetsa ndilosiyana. Mu Excel 2010 ndi zosintha zamtsogolo, wogwiritsa ntchitoyu ali mgulu la Compatibility. M'mitundu yakale ya pulogalamuyi, ili mu gawo la static function.

Malire a nthawi yodalirika amatsimikiziridwa ndi njira iyi:

X+(-)ДОВЕРИТ.НОРМ

kumene Х ndi mtengo wapakati pa mulingo wotchulidwa.

Tsopano tiyeni tiwone momwe tingagwiritsire ntchito mafomuwa pochita. Chifukwa chake, tili ndi tebulo lomwe lili ndi data yosiyana kuchokera ku miyeso 10 yotengedwa. Pankhaniyi, kupatuka kokhazikika kwa seti ya data ndi 8.

Ntchito yathu ndikupeza mtengo wanthawi yodalirika yokhala ndi chidaliro cha 95%.

1. Choyamba, sankhani selo kuti muwonetse zotsatira. Kenako dinani batani "Isert ntchito" (kumanzere kwa formula bar).
2. Zenera la Function Wizard limatsegulidwa. Mwa kuwonekera pagulu lamakono la ntchito, onjezerani mndandanda ndikudina pamzere womwe uli momwemo "Statistical".
3. Pamndandanda womwe waperekedwa, dinani woyendetsa "CONFIIDENCE NORM", kenako panikizani OK.
4. Tidzawona zenera ndi zoikamo za mikangano ntchito, kudzaza zomwe ife akanikiza batani OK.
   • m'munda "Alpha" onetsani mulingo wa kufunikira. Ntchito yathu imakhala yodalirika 95%. Kuyika mtengowu m'chiwerengero chowerengera, chomwe takambirana pamwambapa, timapeza mawu akuti: (100-95)/100. Timazilemba m'munda wotsutsa (kapena mutha kulemba nthawi yomweyo zotsatira za kuwerengera kofanana ndi 0,05).
   • m'munda "std_off" malinga ndi zikhalidwe zathu, timalemba nambala 8.
   • mu gawo la "Kukula", tchulani kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe ziyenera kuyesedwa. Kwa ife, miyeso 10 idatengedwa, kotero timalemba nambala 10.
5. Kuti mupewe kukonzanso ntchitoyo data ikasintha, mutha kuyisintha. Kwa izi timagwiritsa ntchito "CHENANI”. Ikani cholozera m'malo olowera pazokambirana "Kukula", kenako dinani chizindikiro cha makona atatu kumanzere kwa kapamwamba kapamwamba ndikudina chinthucho "Zowonjezera zina ...".
6. Zotsatira zake, zenera lina la Function Wizard lidzatsegulidwa. Posankha gulu "Statistical", dinani ntchitoyo "CHEKANI”, ndiye chabwino.
7. Chophimbacho chidzawonetsa zenera lina ndi zoikamo za mikangano ya ntchitoyo, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa maselo mumtundu woperekedwa womwe uli ndi deta.

   Ntchito Formula ZAKE kwalembedwa motere: =СЧЁТ(Значение1;Значение2;...).

   Chiwerengero cha mikangano yomwe ilipo pa ntchitoyi ikhoza kufika pa 255. Pano mukhoza kulemba manambala enieni, kapena ma adilesi a selo, kapena magulu a selo. Tidzagwiritsa ntchito njira yomaliza. Kuti muchite izi, dinani pagawo lolowera zidziwitso pa mkangano woyamba, kenako, gwira batani lakumanzere, sankhani ma cell onse amtundu umodzi wa tebulo lathu (osawerengera mutu), kenako dinani batani. OK.

8. Chifukwa cha zomwe zachitika, zotsatira za kuwerengera kwa wogwiritsa ntchito zidzawonetsedwa mu selo losankhidwa CHIZINDIKIRO NORM. Muvuto lathu, mtengo wake udakhala wofanana ndi 4,9583603.
9. Koma ichi sichinali chotsatira chomaliza cha ntchito yathu. Kenako, muyenera kuwerengera mtengo wapakati pa nthawi yomwe mwapatsidwa. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito "MTIMA”A yomwe imagwira ntchito yowerengera avareji pamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya data.

   Fomula ya opareshoni yalembedwa motere: =СРЗНАЧ(число1;число2;...).

   Sankhani selo lomwe tikukonzekera kuyika ntchitoyo ndikudina batani "Isert ntchito".

10. Mgulu "Statistical" kusankha wotopetsa woyendetsa “MTIMA” ndipo dinani OK.
11. Mu ntchito mikangano mu mtsutso mtengo "Nambala" tchulani mtundu, womwe umaphatikizapo ma cell onse okhala ndi miyeso yonse. Kenako timadina CHABWINO.
12. Chifukwa cha zochita zomwe zachitidwa, mtengo wapakati udzawerengedweratu ndikuwonetsedwa mu selo ndi ntchito yomwe yangoyikidwa kumene.
13. Tsopano tiyenera kuwerengera malire a CI (nthawi yachidaliro). Tiyeni tiyambe ndi kuwerengera mtengo wa malire oyenera. Timasankha selo lomwe tikufuna kuwonetsa zotsatira zake, ndikuwonjezera zotsatira zomwe tapeza pogwiritsa ntchito ogwiritsira ntchito "MTIMA” ndipo "ZINTHU ZOKHULUPIRIKA”. Kwa ife, ndondomekoyi ikuwoneka motere: A14+A16. Mukatha kuyilemba, dinani Lowani.
14. Zotsatira zake, kuwerengera kudzachitidwa ndipo zotsatira zake zidzawonetsedwa nthawi yomweyo mu selo ndi ndondomeko.
15. Kenaka, mofananamo, timawerengera kuti tipeze mtengo wa malire akumanzere a CI. Pokhapokha mtengo wa zotsatira "ZINTHU ZOKHULUPIRIKA” simuyenera kuwonjezera, koma chotsani pazotsatira zomwe mwapeza pogwiritsa ntchito opareshoni "MTIMA”. Kwa ife, ndondomekoyi ikuwoneka motere: =A16-A14.
16. Mukakanikiza Enter, tipeza zotsatira mu cell yomwe tapatsidwa ndi fomula.

Zindikirani: M'ndime pamwambapa, tayesera kufotokoza mwatsatanetsatane momwe tingathere masitepe onse ndi ntchito iliyonse yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Komabe, njira zonse zolembedwera zitha kulembedwa pamodzi, monga gawo limodzi lalikulu:

• Kuti mudziwe malire oyenera a CI, chilinganizo chonse chidzawoneka motere:

  =СРЗНАЧ(B2:B11)+ДОВЕРИТ.НОРМ(0,05;8;СЧЁТ(B2:B11)).

• Momwemonso, kumalire akumanzere, m'malo mwa kuphatikiza, muyenera kuyika minus:

  =СРЗНАЧ(B2:B11)-ДОВЕРИТ.НОРМ(0,05;8;СЧЁТ(B2:B11)).

Njira 2: TRUST.STUDENT wogwiritsa ntchito

Tsopano, tiyeni tizolowerane ndi wogwiritsa ntchito wachiwiri kuti adziwe nthawi yodalirika − KUKHULUPIRIRA.WOPHUNZIRA. Ntchitoyi idayambitsidwa mu pulogalamuyi posachedwa, kuyambira ku Excel 2010, ndipo cholinga chake ndi kudziwa CI ya data yosankhidwa pogwiritsa ntchito kugawa kwa Wophunzira, ndikusiyana kosadziwika.

Ntchito Formula KUKHULUPIRIRA.WOPHUNZIRA motere:

=ДОВЕРИТ.СТЬЮДЕНТ(Альфа;Cтанд_откл;Размер)

Tiyeni tiwunike kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka wogwiritsa ntchito uyu pachitsanzo cha tebulo lomwelo. Pokhapokha sitikudziwa kupatuka kokhazikika molingana ndi momwe vutoli lilili.

1. Choyamba, sankhani selo lomwe tikufuna kuwonetsa zotsatira. Kenako dinani chizindikirocho "Isert ntchito" (kumanzere kwa formula bar).
2. Zenera lodziwika kale la Function Wizard lidzatsegulidwa. Sankhani gulu "Statistical", kenako kuchokera pamndandanda wazinthu zomwe mukufuna, dinani woyendetsa “WOPHUNZIRA WOKHULUPIRIKA”, ndiye - OK.
3. Pawindo lotsatira, tifunika kukhazikitsa zifukwa zogwirira ntchito:
   • Mu "Alpha" monga m'njira yoyamba, tchulani mtengo 0,05 (kapena "100-95)/100").
   • Tiyeni tipitirire kukangana. "std_off". Chifukwa molingana ndi momwe vutoli lilili, mtengo wake sudziwika kwa ife, tiyenera kuwerengera koyenera, komwe woyendetsa "STDEV.B”. Dinani pa Add ntchito batani ndiyeno pa katunduyo "Zowonjezera zina ...".
   • Pazenera lotsatira la Function Wizard, sankhani woyendetsa ".STDEV.B” mu gulu "Statistical" ndipo dinani OK.
   • Timalowa muwindo la zoikamo zotsutsana, zomwe zimawoneka ngati izi: =СТАНДОТКЛОН.В(число1;число2;...). Monga mtsutso woyamba, timatchula mndandanda womwe umaphatikizapo maselo onse mugawo la "Value" (osawerengera mutu).
   • Tsopano muyenera kubwerera ku zenera ndi mfundo zogwirira ntchito "KUKHULUPIRIRA.WOPHUNZIRA”. Kuti muchite izi, dinani kulembedwa kwa dzina lomwelo mugawo lolowetsa fomula.
   • Tsopano tiyeni tipitirire ku mkangano womaliza "Kukula". Monga momwe zilili mu njira yoyamba, apa mutha kungotchula ma cell angapo, kapena kuyika woyendetsa "CHEKANI". Timasankha njira yomaliza.
   • Pamene mikangano yonse yadzazidwa, dinani batani OK.
4. Selo yosankhidwa idzawonetsa mtengo wa nthawi yodalirika malinga ndi magawo omwe tatchula.
5. Kenako, tiyenera kuwerengera mitengo ya malire a CI. Ndipo chifukwa cha izi muyenera kupeza mtengo wapakati pamtundu wosankhidwa. Kuti tichite izi, timagwiritsanso ntchito "MTIMA”. Algorithm ya zochita ndi yofanana ndi yomwe yafotokozedwa mu njira yoyamba.
6. Nditalandira mtengo "MTIMA”, mukhoza kuyamba kuwerengera malire a CI. Ma formula omwewo sali osiyana ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi "ZINTHU ZOKHULUPIRIKA”:
   • Malire akumanja CI=AVERAGE+SUDENT CONFIDENCE
   • Omangidwa Kumanzere CI=KUKHULUPIRIKA KWA WOPHUNZIRA WAWONSE

Kutsiliza

Zida za Excel ndizokulu kwambiri, ndipo pamodzi ndi ntchito zofala, pulogalamuyi imapereka ntchito zosiyanasiyana zapadera zomwe zingapangitse kugwira ntchito ndi deta kukhala kosavuta. Mwina njira zomwe tafotokozazi zitha kuwoneka zovuta kwa ogwiritsa ntchito ena poyang'ana koyamba. Koma pambuyo pophunzira mwatsatanetsatane za nkhaniyi ndi ndondomeko ya zochita, zonse zidzakhala zosavuta.