Matenda opatsirana pogonana, omwe masiku ano amatchedwa matenda opatsirana pogonana, ndi matenda opatsirana omwe amabwera chifukwa chofalitsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda panthawi yogonana. Matenda opatsirana pogonana amafunika kuwazindikira msanga kuti muchepetse zovuta.

STD ndi chidule cha matenda opatsirana pogonana. Matenda omwe amatchedwa matenda opatsirana pogonana, matenda opatsirana pogonana ndi matenda opatsirana omwe angayambitsidwe ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana. Izi zimafalikira pogonana, kaya ndi mtundu wanji, pakati pa anthu awiri kapena awiri. Matenda ena opatsirana pogonana amathanso kufalikira kudzera m'magazi ndi mkaka wa m'mawere.

Opatsirana pogonana ndi chidule cha matenda opatsirana pogonana. M'zaka zaposachedwa, dzina loti IST lakhala likuyikapo chidule cha MST. Malinga ndi oyang'anira zaumoyo wa anthu, "kugwiritsa ntchito chidule cha IST ndikulimbikitsa kuwunika (ngakhale) pakakhala zizindikiritso". Chifukwa chake, kusiyana kokha pakati pa matenda opatsirana pogonana ndi STD ndi pamawu omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito. Zizindikiro za IST ndi MST zimatchulanso matenda omwewo.

Matenda opatsirana pogonana amatha kuyambitsidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda opitilira XNUMX. Izi zitha kukhala:

• mabakiteriya, Monga Treponema pallidum, Neisseria gonorrhoeae et Chlamydia trachomatis ;
• mavairasi, monga kachilombo ka HIV (kachilombo ka HIV), kachilombo ka hepatitis B (HBV), Herpes simplex (HSV) ndi papillomavirus yaumunthu (PHV);
• Tizirombokuphatikizapo Trichomonas vaginalis.

Malinga ndi World Health Organisation (WHO), tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tomwe tatchulidwa pamwambapa timakhudzidwa ndimatenda ambiri opatsirana pogonana. Zina mwa izi ndi izi:

• syphilis, matenda opatsirana ndi mabakiteriya treponema pallidum, yomwe imawonekera ngati chancre ndipo yomwe imatha kupita patsogolo ndikubweretsa zovuta zina ngati sizisamaliridwa munthawi yake;
• chinzonono, yotchedwanso chinzonono kapena "hot-piss", yomwe imafanana ndi matenda a bakiteriya Neisseria gonorrhoeae;
• chlamydiose, omwe nthawi zambiri amatchedwa chlamydia, omwe amayamba chifukwa cha matenda a bakiteriya Chlamydia trachomatis ndipo yomwe ndi imodzi mwa matenda opatsirana pogonana omwe amapezeka m'mayiko akumadzulo;
• trichomoniasis, Matenda ndi tiziromboti Trichomonas vaginalis, yomwe imawonekera kwambiri mwa amayi potulutsa ukazi limodzi ndi kuyabwa ndi kuwotcha;
• kutenga kachilomboka chiwindi B (VHB), zomwe zimapangitsa kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi;
• maliseche, yoyambitsidwa ndi kachilomboka Herpes simplex, makamaka mtundu wa 2 (HSV-2), womwe umawonekera ngati zotupa zotsekemera kumaliseche;
• matenda ndi kachilombo ka HIV (HIV), yomwe imayang'anira Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS);
• matenda ndi papillomavirus ya anthu, zomwe zingayambitse condyloma, zotupa zakunja, komanso zomwe zingalimbikitse kukula kwa khansa ya pachibelekero.

Matenda opatsirana pogonana amatha kufalikira panthawi yogonana, yamtundu uliwonse, pakati pa anthu awiri ogonana. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka mwa achinyamata. Matenda opatsirana pogonana amathanso kupatsirana kuchokera kwa mayi kupita kwa mwana.

Zizindikiro zimasiyanasiyana kuchokera ku STD kupita kwina. Akhozanso kukhala osiyana amuna ndi akazi. Komabe, pali zizindikilo zina za matenda opatsirana pogonana, monga:

• kuwonongeka kwa maliseche, komwe kumatha kubweretsa kuyabwa, kuyabwa, kufiira, kutentha, zotupa kapena ziphuphu;
• kutuluka kwachilendo kumaliseche, mbolo kapena kumatako;
• kutentha pa pokodza;
• dyspaneuria, ndiko kuti kupweteka ndi / kapena kutentha komwe kumamveka panthawi yogonana;
• kupweteka pamimba pamunsi;
• Zizindikiro zogwirizana monga malungo ndi mutu.

Choopsa chachikulu cha matenda opatsirana pogonana ndi kugonana koopsa, ndiye kuti, kugonana kosaziteteza.

N'zotheka kuteteza chitukuko cha matenda opatsirana pogonana poletsa chiopsezo cha matenda:

• chitetezo chokwanira panthawi yogonana, makamaka mwa kuvala kondomu yamwamuna kapena wamkazi;
• Katemera wa matenda opatsirana, monga matenda a hepatitis B (HBV) ndi papillomavirus (HPV).

Ngati mukukaikira, tikulimbikitsidwanso kuti mukayezetse matenda opatsirana pogonana. Kuzindikira msanga kumapereka chithandizo chamankhwala mwachangu komanso kumachepetsa chiopsezo chotenga matenda.

Kuyezetsa matenda opatsirana pogonana ndikulimbikitsidwa ngati mukukayika kapena mukugonana koopsa. Kuwunika kumeneku ndikofunikira kwambiri chifukwa ndizotheka kukhala wonyamula matenda opatsirana pogonana osazindikira. Kuti mumve zambiri pamayesowa, mutha kupeza zambiri kuchokera ku:

• katswiri wa zaumoyo monga dokotala, mzimayi kapena mzamba;
• chidziwitso chaulere, malo owunikira ndi matenda (CeGIDD);
• malo olera komanso maphunziro (CPEF).

Chithandizo chamankhwala cha STD chimatengera wothandizirayo wopatsidwayo. Ngakhale matenda opatsirana pogonana amachiritsidwa, ena ndi osachiritsika ndipo amafunikirabe kafukufuku wasayansi.

Matenda ena opatsirana pogonana ndi syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, ndi trichomoniasis. Kafukufuku wasayansi akupitilizabe kupeza chithandizo chamankhwala opatsirana pogonana osachiritsika monga matenda opatsirana a immunodeficiency virus (HIV), matenda a papillomavirus (HPV), hepatitis B ndi maliseche.