Mukathyola bowa, mutha kukumana ndi njoka mwangozi. Pafupifupi mitundu 7 ya njoka zapoizoni imakhala m'dziko lathu:
Common njoka. Iyi ndi njoka yodziwika kwambiri. Amakhala paliponse mu Dziko Lathu.
Njoka ya steppe. Zimapezeka kwambiri kum'mwera kwa Dziko Lathu - m'dera la steppe ndi nkhalango-steppe: m'madera a Rostov, Saratov, ku Kalmykia, ku Caucasus, South Siberia.
Njoka ya ku Caucasus. Mtundu wake ndi Greater Caucasus. M'dziko Lathu, amapezeka ku Adygea ndi Krasnodar Territory.
Common muzzle. Amakhala kumwera kwa Dziko Lathu - kuchokera kumunsi kwa Don ndi Volga kupita ku Primorsky Territory. Shchitomordnik stony, Shchitomordnik Ussuri amakhala ku Far East.
Gyurza. M'dziko Lathu, mutha kukumana naye ku Dagestan.
Kambuku kale. Amapezeka ku Far East.
Nthawi zambiri njoka sizikhala zaukali ndipo zimaluma pokhapokha podziteteza, motero, kulumidwa ndi anthu omwe akufuna kugwira kapena kupha njoka, nthawi zambiri ana ndi achinyamata. Nthawi zambiri, amaukira munthu pokhapokha atamugwira mwangozi (atakhala kapena masitepe).
Kuopsa kwa zizindikiro kudzadalira malo oluma - pafupi kwambiri ndi mutu, ndizoopsa kwambiri. Kuluma m'manja kapena kumapazi sizowopsa, koma ndizofala kwambiri. Komanso, kukhalapo kwa zizindikiro zachipatala kumagwirizanitsidwa ndi kutentha kwa mpweya - kutentha kwapamwamba, kumakhala kolimba kwambiri.
Popereka chithandizo choyamba kwa ozunzidwa, kutsika kwa mwendo wokhudzidwa ndi tourniquet, cauterization ya malo oluma ndi ma acid, alkalis, mafuta otentha, ndi zina zotero zimatsutsana. Njira zonsezi sikuti zimangofooketsa kapena kuchedwetsa kuchitapo kanthu kwa poizoni, koma, m'malo mwake, zimakulitsa mawonekedwe onse am'deralo komanso amderalo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zovuta zingapo (zilonda zam'mimba, zilonda zam'mimba, ndi zina zambiri. ).
Thandizo loyamba liyenera kuyamba ndi kuyamwa mwachangu zomwe zili m'mabala, zomwe zimakulolani kuchotsa 28 mpaka 46% ya poizoni onse omwe amalowa m'thupi. Kuyamwa kungathe kuchitidwa pakamwa (chiwopsezo cha njoka chomwe chagwera pa mucous nembanemba sichimayambitsa kuledzera). Kuyamwa kuyenera kupitilizidwa kwa mphindi 15-20 (m'mphindi 6 zoyambirira, pafupifupi 3/4 ya poizoni yonse yotulutsidwa imachotsedwa).
Pambuyo pake, mabala amathandizidwa ndi zobiriwira zobiriwira, ayodini kapena mowa.
Popereka chithandizo choyamba, chiwalo chokhudzidwacho chimakhala chosasunthika ndipo wovulalayo amapatsidwa mpumulo wathunthu pamalo opingasa, omwe amachepetsa kutuluka kwa lymph yomwe ili ndi poizoni kuchokera ku mbali yomwe yakhudzidwa ya thupi.
Zakumwa zambiri (tiyi, khofi, msuzi) ndizothandiza. Mowa mumtundu uliwonse ndi contraindicated. Mwa mankhwala, antiallergic mankhwala amalembedwa, omwe amachepetsa komanso amakhudza kamvekedwe ka mtima.
Kutumiza mwachangu kwa odwala ku chipatala chapafupi ndi kofunika, komwe chithandizo choyambirira chotheka ndi antivenin sera ndi chotheka.
Kupewa kwa munthu aliyense kulumidwa ndi njoka zapoizoni kumaperekedwa ndi kutetezedwa kwa miyendo ndi nsapato zazikopa zazitali ndi zovala zolimba, kuyang'anitsitsa bwino malo oimikapo magalimoto kapena kugona usiku wonse.