Mwambi wachi Russia
Tchuthicho chinakhazikitsidwa mu 2006 poyambitsa bungwe la International Union of Bakers and Pastry Bakers. Ndipo kusankha kwa tsikuli ndi chifukwa chakuti pa October 16, 1945, bungwe la United Nations la Food and Agriculture Organization lidapangidwa, lomwe likuchita kuthetsa mavuto pa chitukuko cha ulimi ndi kupanga kwake. Mwa njira, holide ina imayikidwa pazochitika zomwezo -.
Masiku ano, monga nthawi zonse, m’dziko lililonse padziko lapansili amasangalala ndi chikondi chosasintha. Ngakhale tsopano, pamene ambiri amatsatira zakudya zosiyanasiyana, m'malo mkate ndi otsika kalori crispbreads, masikono kapena crackers. Anthu amitundu yosiyanasiyana nthawi zonse akhala akuchitira mkate ndi wowapezera chakudya mosamala komanso modera nkhawa. Anapatsidwa malo olemekezeka kwambiri patebulo, anali ndipo amakhalabe chizindikiro cha moyo. Ndipo m'masiku akale mkate unalinso chizindikiro chachikulu cha chitukuko m'banja ndi moyo wabwino m'nyumba. Ndipotu, sikuli chabe kuti pali mawu ambiri okhudza iye: "Mkate ndiye mutu wa chirichonse," "Popanda mchere, wopanda mkate - theka la ufa", "Popanda mkate ndi uchi simudzakhuta" ena.
Mwa njira, mbiri ya mkate imabwerera zaka zikwi zingapo. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wasayansi, zoyamba za mkate zidawonekera zaka 8 zapitazo. Kunja, zinkawoneka ngati makeke athyathyathya, okonzedwa kuchokera ku chimanga ndi madzi ndi kuwotcha pamiyala yotentha. Mkate woyamba wa yisiti unaphunziridwa kupanga ku Egypt. Ngakhale apo, mkate unkaonedwa kuti ndi wopezera chakudya ndipo unkagwirizanitsidwa ndi dzuwa ndipo unkadziwikanso nawo (poyamba kulemba) ndi chizindikiro chimodzi - bwalo lokhala ndi dontho pakati.
Komanso, m'masiku akale, mkate woyera unkadyedwa makamaka ndi anthu ochokera kumtunda, ndipo mkate wakuda ndi imvi (chifukwa cha mtundu wake) unkaonedwa kuti ndi chakudya cha osauka. Pokhapokha m'zaka za zana la 20, ataphunzira za ubwino ndi zakudya za rye ndi mkate wa tirigu, zidadziwika kwambiri.
Ndiyenera kunena kuti ku Russia mankhwalawa adachitidwa mosamala ndi chikondi kuyambira kalekale, kutamanda nthaka yachonde yomwe imapereka chakudya chachikulu, ndipo miyambo yophika ku Russia imakhala ndi mizu yayitali. Njira imeneyi inkaonedwa ngati sakramenti ndipo inali yovuta kwenikweni. Asanaukane mtandawo, mwininyumbayo ankapemphera nthaŵi zonse ndipo nthaŵi zambiri ankafika pokanda mtandawo ali wosangalala, akuimba nyimbo zolimbikitsa mtima. Nthaŵi yonseyi m’nyumbamo kunali koletsedwa kulankhula mokweza, kutukwana ndi kumenyetsa zitseko, ndipo asanatumize mkatewo ku chitofu, mtanda unapangidwa pamwamba pake. Ngakhale tsopano, m’matchalitchi Achikristu, okhulupirira amalandira mgonero ndi vinyo ndi mkate, achichepere amakumana pakhomo ndi makolo awo ndi buledi ndi mchere, ndipo potumiza achibale awo paulendo wautali, anthu achikondi nthaŵi zonse amapereka nyenyeswa ya mkate. ndi iwo.
Ngakhale kuti masiku ano miyambo yambiri yaiwalika, chikondi chenicheni cha mkate sichinathe. Komanso ulemu wosungidwa kwa iye. Ndi iko komwe, amatiperekeza kuyambira kubadwa mpaka ku ukalamba. Koma mkate usanafike patebulo, umapita kutali (kuyambira pakukula mbewu, kukolola mpaka kupanga ufa ndi mankhwala omwewo), antchito ambiri ndi zipangizo zimakhudzidwa. Chifukwa chake, sizosadabwitsa kuti mkate uli ndi tchuthi chake.
Mwa njira, maholide ambiri amaperekedwa ku mkate, ndipo mtundu uliwonse uli ndi zake. Ku Russia, kuwonjezera masiku ano, amakondwereranso (pakati pa anthu holideyi imatchedwa Mkate kapena Nut Savior), yomwe ikuimira kutha kwa zokolola. M’mbuyomo, pa tsikuli, mkate unkaphikidwa kuchokera ku tirigu wa zokolola zatsopano, wounikiridwa ndi kudyedwa ndi banja lonse. Panalinso mwambi watsiku lino: "Wachitatu wopulumutsidwa - pali mkate wasungidwa." Ndipo mu February, Russia anakondwerera Tsiku la Mkate ndi Mchere, pamene iwo anapatulira mkate ndi mchere shaker monga zizindikiro za pamoto ndi kuwasunga chaka chonse monga zithumwa kuteteza nyumba ku tsoka: moto, mliri, etc.
Tchuthi chamasiku ano - Tsiku la Mkate Padziko Lonse - ndi tchuthi la akatswiri ogwira ntchito m'makampani awa, ndipo, ndithudi, kupereka msonkho kwa mankhwala, pamene akatswiri onse okhudzana ndi kupanga mkate amalemekezedwa, ndi mkate wokha. Kuonjezera apo, ichi ndi chifukwa china chokopera chidwi cha anthu onse ku mavuto a njala, umphawi ndi kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi padziko lapansi.
Choncho, pachikhalidwe, pa World Bread Day, mayiko ambiri amachitira ziwonetsero zosiyanasiyana za mkate, misonkhano ya akatswiri zophikira, ophika mkate ndi confectioners, fairs, makalasi ambuye, zikondwerero wowerengeka, komanso kugawa kwaulere mkate kwa onse osowa, zochitika zachifundo. ndi zina zambiri. Aliyense sangangolawa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi mitundu ya mkate ndi zophika mkate, komanso kuphunzira za momwe mkate unawonekera, mbiri yake ndi miyambo yake, zomwe zimapangidwira, kumene zinakulira, momwe zimaphikidwa, etc. Pa chikondwererochi ndi chowala tsiku la anthu onse, ophika mkate ochokera padziko lonse lapansi amavomereza kuyamikira ndi kuyamikira mu bizinesi yovuta komanso yodalirika - kuphika mkate wokoma, wonunkhira komanso wathanzi.
Chitani nawo mbali patchuthi cha dziko chowonadi. Mwina izi zikuthandizani kuti muyang'anenso MKATE wathu watsiku ndi tsiku. Tchuthi chosangalatsa kwa aliyense - yemwe ali mkate, ndipo amaika mphamvu ndi moyo mu chilengedwe chake!