10 mfundo zosangalatsa za Alexander Radishchev ndi maganizo ake kusintha

Alexander Radishchev - wolemba ndakatulo wotchuka, Russian prose wolemba, komanso wafilosofi. Mu 1790, adadziwika padziko lonse lapansi pambuyo pa buku lofalitsidwa lotchedwa ".Ulendo wochokera ku St. Petersburg kupita ku Moscow». Zambiri mwa zolemba zake zimaphatikizapo ndakatulo komanso malamulo. Koma zina zinali zoletsedwa ku Russia. Koma, komabe, izi sizinalepheretse wolemba kusindikiza ntchito zake m'malemba olembedwa pamanja.

Chopereka chachikulu chamtengo wapatali cholemba mbiri ya Radishchev chinapangidwa ndi ana ake aamuna. Ndi iwo omwe adatha kupanga nkhani yathunthu yomwe imafotokoza za moyo wa abambo awo.

Tikukudziwitsani mfundo 10 zosangalatsa za Radishchev: mbiri yaifupi ya wolemba ndi nkhani zodabwitsa za munthu wokhala ndi malingaliro osintha.

10 Bambo ake anali odzipereka, odziwa zilankhulo

Mnyamatayo pafupifupi ubwana wake wonse pa malo a bambo ake m'chigawo Kaluga. Poyamba, Sasha anaphunzira kunyumba.

bambo Alexander anali munthu wopembedza, ankadziwa zilankhulo zambiri. Pa nthawiyo, aliyense ankaphunzitsidwa molingana ndi Bukhu la Maola ndi Masalimo, ndiko kuti, malinga ndi mabuku achipembedzo. Pamene mnyamatayo anali ndi zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi, mphunzitsi wachifalansa anayamba kumchezera. Koma bambowo sanasankhe mphunzitsi waluso. Pambuyo pake, zinapezeka kuti munthu uyu anali msilikali wothawa.

Pamene yunivesite inatsegulidwa ku Moscow, bambo ake adaganiza zotengera Alexander kumeneko kuti apitirize maphunziro. Amalume a mayi ake a mnyamatayo ankakhala mumzindawu. Ndi iye amene anavomera pobisalira Sasha nthawi ino.

Kumeneko mlangizi wakale anatumizidwa kwa iye, amene anathawa chizunzo cha boma lake. Iye anayamba kumuphunzitsa Chifalansa.

Dziwani kuti mchimwene wa amalume ake Alexander Radishchev anali mwana wopeza wotchuka wa Count Matveev. Nyumba yawo nthawi zonse inkapezeka maprofesa ndi aphunzitsi a malo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi. Anaphunzitsa ana. Tingaganize kuti Alexander, amene anali woyang'anira apa, komanso analandira maphunziro kwa anthu awa.

9. Anapatsidwa tsamba

Mu 1762, mfumu Catherine II inachitika. Zitangochitika izi Alexander anatumizidwa ku Corps of Pages ku St. Bungweli linakonzekeretsa anthu omwe pambuyo pake adayenera kukatumikira Empress m'malo opezeka anthu ambiri, pamipira, m'malo owonetsera.

8. Anaphunzira ku yunivesite ya Leipzig

Pambuyo pa maphunziro a Corps of Pages, Alexander, pamodzi ndi olemekezeka ena, anatumizidwa ku yunivesite ya Leipzig.. All the time while he spent there, allowed him to learn a lot of new things, and thereby expand his horizons. Fedor Ushakov, who wrote the “life”, had a great influence.

Anali munthu wokhwima maganizo komanso wodziwa zambiri. Nthawi yomweyo ambiri anazindikira ulamuliro wake. Kwa ophunzira ambiri, iye anali chitsanzo. Anathandiza abwenzi ake kuphunzira zowunikira zaku France ndi malingaliro awo.

Koma thanzi lake linawonongeka kwambiri. Iye ankadya bwino, nthawi zambiri ankakhala kwa nthawi yaitali ndi mabuku. Asanamwalire, Ushakov anatsanzikana ndi anzake. Alexandru anapereka mapepala ake, pamene maganizo ake aakulu analembedwa.

Nditamaliza maphunziro, Sasha anabwerera ku St. Petersburg, kumene analowa ntchito ya kalaliki protocol. Koma sanakhale kumeneko nthawi yaitali.

After that, he decided to go to the headquarters of General-in-Chief (military rank) Bruce. Here he was able to prove himself as a brave and conscientious worker. In 1775 he retired. Subsequently, for a long time he worked at the customs in St. Petersburg, where he was able to rise to the rank of chief.

7. Kusindikiza koyamba kwa Ulendo watsala pang'ono kugulitsidwa.

Si anthu ambiri amene amadziwa kuti kope loyamba la ntchito "Ulendo" anachotsedwa kugulitsa, chifukwa kwambiri kukwiyitsa Mfumukazi..

Pambuyo pa kulanda, idawonongedwa. Koma zimadziwika kuti buku limene Mfumukazi Catherine II anawerenga linapulumuka. Mutha kuwonanso ndemanga za Empress zolembedwa paliponse pamenepo.

6. Mwa lamulo la Catherine, adamangidwa chifukwa cha "Ulendo"

Mpaka pomwe Radishchev adatulutsa ntchito "Ulendo", zonse zidamuyendera bwino. Analowa ntchito, yomwe inali ndi udindo wa malonda ndi mafakitale.

Iye analemba bukuli panthawi ya nkhondo ya ku America yofuna ufulu wodzilamulira, komanso pamene French Revolution inali ponseponse. Zonsezi zinasiya chizindikiro pa ntchito yake. Radishchev anafotokoza kugulitsa alimi ngongole za eni malo awo.

Bukuli linali ndi zojambula zoyambirira za moyo ndi miyambo ya oimira magulu osiyanasiyana. Koma iye anaika maganizo ake pa anthu wamba wamba ndi mkhalidwe umene iwo anali.

Wolembayo sanadziwike pa makopewo. Koma Catherine II adatha kumuzindikira. Patapita nthawi yochepa kwambiri. Radishchev anamangidwa. Anatumizidwa ku linga la Peter ndi Paul. Kufufuzako kunapitirira kwa mwezi umodzi, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti wolembayo aphedwe.

Radishchev panthawiyo analemba chifuniro, ndipo anayamba ntchito pa mwaluso watsopano. Koma chigamulocho sichinakwaniritsidwe, popeza Sweden idachita mgwirizano wamtendere ndi Empress. Ndi iye amene anathetsa chilango cha imfa.

5. Paul I adabweza wolembayo kuchokera ku Siberia

Koma Catherine sakanangosiya chilichonse. Anamvera chisoni wolembayo, koma chifukwa cha ichi adamutumiza ku Siberia. Kumeneko anafunikira kukhala ndi moyo pafupifupi zaka khumi, zosacheperapo.

Koma mu 1796, Paulo Woyamba anatha kubwerera kwawo Alexander Radishchev..

4. Pushkin ankatsutsa ntchito yake

Lingaliro la Pushkin linagwirizana ndi ndemanga ya Catherine II ya buku la Radishchev. Iye sanali wotsutsa za ntchito yake "Ulendo", komanso wolemba mwiniyo..

Nthawi zambiri, Alexander Sergeevich amatchedwa Radishchev ".woimira weniweni wa theka-kuunika“. Iye ankakhulupirira kuti maganizo a wolemba adatengedwa kuchokera kwa olemba onse nthawi imodzi.

Koma, komabe, anapeza limodzi la makopewo. Mtengo wa bukhuli unali pafupifupi ma ruble mazana awiri, ndipo panthawiyo inali ndalama zambiri.

3. Mkazi wachiwiri anali mlongo wake wa mkazi woyamba

Mkazi woyamba wa Alexander Radishchev anali Anna Vasilievna Rubanovskaya. Mtsikanayo anamaliza maphunziro a Smolny Institute. Ndinapatsa mwamuna wanga ana aamuna atatu ndi mwana wamkazi mmodzi. Ukwati unatha pafupifupi zaka 3. Koma kenako pa kubadwanso, mkaziyo anamwalira.

Ukwati wachiwiri wa Alexander unachitika ndi mlongo wa mkazi wake malemu Elizaveta Vasilievna Rubanovskaya. Monga iye mwini adalemba, ndi kufika kwa mkazi uyu m'nyumba mwake, adawoneka kuti waukitsidwa, adafuna kukhala ndi moyo, adayambanso kumva chisangalalo ndi chisangalalo.

2. Funso Logwiritsa Ntchito Mwangozi Kapena Mwadala Poizoni

Pafupifupi aliyense amene anaphunzira mbiri ya wolemba akudziwa mmene anafera. Wolembayo anafa ndi poizoni. Koma palibe amene akudziwa ngati zidachitika mwangozi kapena mwadala..

Panali mphekesera kuti Radishchev yekha kumwa poizoni. Ana ake anafotokoza tsikuli mwatsatanetsatane. Pa September 11, anali kunyumba. Anatenga sedative, ndiyeno adagwira galasi la "royal" vodka. Sanakhalepo mwangozi, m'mbuyomu mwana wamkulu amatsuka nazo zitsulo.

Radishchev atamwa, sanathe kuthawa ululu umene unamubaya ngati mipeni yakuthwa. Wansembe wina anabweretsedwa kwa Alexandra, wolembayo anapita kukaulula machimo, kenako anamwalira.

Koma, komabe, anaikidwa m’mpanda wa tchalitchi. Ndipo amene adadzipha alibe ufulu woikidwa m'manda malinga ndi tchalitchi cha Orthodox. Mtundu wovomerezeka wa imfa yake ukuwonetsedwa m'malemba ngati matenda - kumwa.

1. Malo omwe adayikidwa mlembi sakudziwika.

Pa gawo la manda a Volkovsky ku St. Petersburg pali chipilala cha wolemba wodabwitsa wa ntchito zambiri - Alexander Radishchev.

Mwala wamanda ndi chikumbutso chabe kwa munthu wamkulu uyu. Koma palibe amene akudziwa kumene anaikidwa.