Matenda a chiwindi a mowa ndi matenda otupa kwambiri a chiwindi chifukwa cha kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso. Nthawi zambiri asymptomatic, imatha kukhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa.

Hepatitis ndi matenda otupa a chiwindi omwe amawononga kwambiri chiwindi. Amadziwika ndi kukula kwa zotupa zomwe zimagwirizana ndi kufa kwa maselo a chiwindi omwe amasintha magwiridwe antchito ake komanso magawo ake achilengedwe. Pali mitundu ingapo. Matenda a chiwindi amatha kuyambitsidwa ndi kachilombo, monga hepatitis A, B ndi C mwachitsanzo. Zitha kukhalanso ndi zifukwa zina monga kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'maselo a chiwindi osagwirizana ndi mowa (tikulankhula za matenda a chiwindi a steatotic osakhala mowa) kapena kumwa mowa. Ndi yotsirizira yomwe tikukamba pano.

Pali mitundu iwiri ya hepatitis ya mowa:

• pachimake, mwadzidzidzi chiwindi mwamsanga pambuyo chachikulu mowa poyizoni. Nthawi zambiri symptomatic, imatha kukhala yowopsa kwambiri. Mtundu uwu wa matenda a chiwindi ndi wosowa kwambiri ku France;
• Matenda a chiwindi omwe amayamba ndi kumwa mopitirira muyeso komanso pafupipafupi. Ikhoza kutsatiridwa ndi magawo ovuta kwambiri. Matenda a chiwindi amatha kusanduka cirrhosis ndipo amalumikizidwa ndi chiopsezo cha kufa kwakanthawi kochepa. Ndilo mawonekedwe omwe amapezeka kwambiri ku France.

Popeza kuti matenda a chiwindi a mowa nthawi zambiri amakhala opanda zizindikiro, n'kovuta kuwunika kuchuluka kwake. Zimaganiziridwa kuti zimakhudza munthu mmodzi mwa anthu asanu omwe amamwa mowa kwambiri. Zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kulephera kwa chiwindi komanso kufa kwakukulu.

Choyambitsa chachikulu cha matenda a chiwindi ndi kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso. Pali zifukwa zomveka zokhalira kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso. Zoonadi, mowa ndi poizoni m’thupi. Mlingo wochepa, umasefedwa ndi chiwindi ndikuchotsedwa. Mlingo waukulu, mowa umawononga ziwalo zingapo: kugaya chakudya komwe kumautenga, impso yomwe imasefa kachigawo kakang'ono kake ndikukatulutsa mumkodzo, mapapo omwe amachotsa kachigawo kakang'ono mumpweya wotuluka ndipo pamapeto pake chiwindi chimasefa. zambiri (90%) za mowa womwe umamwedwa. Chiwindi chimatopa ndipo pamapeto pake chikhoza kudwala ndipo sichikhoza kugwira ntchito zake moyenera. Kuopsa kwa mowa pachiwindi kumatha kuchitika pamilingo yomwe ingawoneke yotsika: 20 mpaka 40 magalamu a mowa patsiku, kapena zakumwa 2 mpaka 4 mwa akazi ndi magalamu 40 mpaka 60 a mowa patsiku, kapena magalasi 4 mpaka 6 mwa anthu.

Zotsatira zake pachiwindi ndi izi, potengera kuopsa kwake:

• steatosis kapena mowa wa hepatitis: mafuta amaikidwa m'maselo a chiwindi;
• hepatomegaly: kuchuluka kwa chiwindi chodwala kumawonjezeka;
• fibrosis: kutupa kwa chiwindi kumabweretsa mapangidwe a minofu;
• cirrhosis: minofu ya chiwindi ikupitirizabe kusintha ndipo imakhala yovuta;
• khansa ya chiwindi.

Mitundu inayi ya zilondazi imatha kuwonedwa nthawi imodzi kapena kudzipatula. Steatosis ndi hepatomegaly zitha kusinthidwa ngati musiya kumwa mowa nthawi yomweyo.

Chiwopsezo chokhala ndi matenda a chiwindi choledzeretsa ndi chachikulu mwa amayi kuposa amuna. Chiwopsezochi chimawonjezeka ngati munthu akunenepa kwambiri kapena kunenepa kwambiri. Palinso ma genetic predisposition.

Matenda a chiwindi a mowa amatha kukhala opanda zizindikiro kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo amangowonekera pamlingo wapamwamba. Zizindikiro zikawoneka, zitha kukhala:

• jaundice kapena jaundice: chikasu pakhungu, maso ndi mucous nembanemba chifukwa cha kudzikundikira kwa bilirubin (kuwonongeka kwa maselo ofiira amagazi omwe amasefedwa ndi chiwindi ndikutulutsidwa ndi mkodzo, womwe umayambitsa mtundu);
• ascites: kukulitsa pamimba chifukwa cha kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mitsempha yomwe imapereka magazi ku chiwindi;
• hepatic encephalopathy: kusokonezeka kwa minyewa komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa ubongo komwe kumachitika pambuyo pa kulephera kugwira ntchito kwa chiwindi.

Chinthu choyamba pa chithandizo ndicho kuchepetsa kapena kusiya kumwa mowa. Pakakhala kudalira, kutsatiridwa muutumiki wosokoneza bongo ndi / kapena ndi katswiri wa zamaganizo akhoza kukhazikitsidwa. Pali mankhwala omwe amatsagana ndi kusiya.

Kuchotsa kumatha kutsatiridwa ndi chithandizo cha diuretic ngati kuli kofunikira. Wodwalayo athanso kulandira vitamini wowonjezera. Chithandizo cha Corticosteroid chingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuchepetsa kutupa.

Pambuyo kuyamwa ndi kuchiza, ngati kuwonongeka kosasinthika komwe kumachitika pachiwindi, ndizotheka kulingalira za kumuika. Odwala omwe ali ndi ufulu wopititsa patsogolo amasankhidwa mwamphamvu ndipo kusamwa mowa ndikofunikira.

Chiwopsezo cha kufa chifukwa cha matenda a chiwindi cha uchidakwa chidakali chokwera. Zowonadi, njira zochiritsira sizili zambiri. Matendawa nthawi zambiri limodzi ndi matenda aakulu ndi kusowa kwa zakudya m'thupi. Chiwopsezo choyambiranso ngati chizoloŵezicho chidzakhala chokwera.