Mwala wa Alum uli ndi (pafupifupi) zabwino zokha. Chokhachokha (pafupifupi) chokha ndichakuti ili ndi mchere wa aluminiyamu womwe ungakhale wowononga thanzi, koma funsoli silinayankhidwe.

Osayang'ana pa mapu a geography. Alun palibe mzinda kapena dera kuposa Pyrrhea ndi munthu. Mawu oti alum amachokera ku Greek "als" kapena "aléos", kutanthauza mchere kapena kuchokera ku Chilatini "alumen" chomwe m'Chilatini chimatanthauza mchere wowawa.

Mwala wa Alum ndi mchere wopangidwa ndi ma sulphates awiri omwe amatchedwa mchere awiri: potaziyamu sulphate ndi aluminium sulphate. Mawu okwiya amayambitsidwa. Kodi mchere wa aluminiyamu uli ndiwothandiza kapena wowononga thanzi? Chifukwa inde, mwala wa alum watchulidwa kale m'buku la Dioscorides, dokotala wachi Greek wobadwa mchaka cha 30 AD (De Materia Medica) chifukwa chazovuta zake zamankhwala (wopalasa ali ndi malo olimbitsira minyewa ndi ina. Youma) makamaka. Koma kuyambira Antiquity, ndi Middle Ages, yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo ambiri:

• ndi utoto, kukonza utoto wovala nsalu (alum imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mordant, yomwe tsopano yasinthidwa ndi mchere);
• ndi omanga, kuonetsetsa kuti nkhuni zamoyo zizitetezedwa kosatha (alum ndi mkaka amawonjezeredwa ndi laimu kuti aziphimba nkhuni);
• ndi osoka, kulimbikitsa kugundana kwa mapuloteni (hemostatic property) panthawi yachikopa ndi "agro-food" (kuyanika nsomba m'makina am'madzi, kusandutsa madzi matope kukhala madzi akumwa (alum amatenga zipsera zosafunika zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuzichotsa) );
• mwa "ochiritsa" a mikwingwirima yonse m'minda ya ufiti, kukhala ndi diso loyipa.
• mwangozi kuti abwezeretse unamwali wake.

Mwala wa alum udachokera ku Syria, Yemen, Persia, Italy (Mont de la Tolfa) koma tsopano umachokera makamaka ku Asia.

Ndi "mwala wa ukoma chikwi".

Amagulitsidwa m'njira zingapo:

• Chachikale kwambiri chimakhala ngati mwala, waiwisi, wolemera 70 mpaka 240g;
• Itha kupukutidwa: kutchinga ngati ingot, poterera kwambiri;
• Maonekedwe ena oyenera kuyenda: silinda wopukutidwa wogulitsidwa mu chikwama;
• Palinso ufa: ngati ufa wa talcum wowaza kukhwapa, mapazi komanso nsapato kapena masokosi;
• Pomaliza, imapezeka ngati chopopera: zotengera zanzeru komanso zanzeru, zolowetsedwa mthumba kapena thumba lanu la "kukhudza" nthawi zina zofunika masana.

Nawa maupangiri athu ogwiritsira ntchito mwala wa Alum:

• Ndikofunikira kuyamba ndikunyowetsa mwala wa alum (waiwisi kapena wopukutidwa) poupitilira pansi pamadzi ozizira;
• Kenako pakani pamakhwapa (pansi pa mikono);
• Kenako mchere umathira pakhungu;
• Mchere wamcherewu umachepetsa thukuta ndikulimbana ndi mabakiteriya omwe amachititsa fungo loipa;
• Ndimakhwapa omwe nthawi zambiri amakhudzidwa koma nkhope ndi chinthu chachiwiri chomwe amakonda mwalawo, makamaka atameta;
• Pukutani ngati chodzikongoletsera;
• Tengani chinthu ichi ngati chinthu chaukhondo (monga mswachi);
• Osachigwetsa: ndi chosalimba kwambiri ndipo chimadziphulika chokha.

Mwala wokhala ndi ukoma chikwi ndi:

• ndalama, zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zaka zingapo pamiyeso ya mwala wa 240g;
• zachilengedwe, ndi 100% zachilengedwe, zogulitsidwa popanda kulongedza, popanda gasi (pomwe ma deodorants ambiri amaperekedwa mu botolo la kutsitsi);
• ogwira, zochita zake kumatenga maola angapo ndipo nthawi zina maola 24;
• amalekerera bwino kupatula amchere a ammonium akawonjezeredwa m'mchere wa aluminium, mankhwalawa amatchedwa "ammonium-alum" ndipo zovuta zomwe zimayambika chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito ammonium. Fomuyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pakagwa "lumo". Zimalepheretsa kupanga mabatani ang'onoang'ono, kuyimitsa magazi pang'ono ndikuchepetsa nthawi yometa.

Chosavuta choyamba cha mankhwalawa ndikuti imatseka timadontho thukuta ndikuti kuchepetsa kutuluka thukuta (chifukwa chake) sikunakonzedwe. Thukuta ndi njira yachilengedwe: thupi limachotsa poizoni wopangidwa usana ndi usiku kudzera thukuta.

Koma sikoza kutsutsa kofunikira kwambiri:

• mu 2009, mtundu wa nyama (in vitro) udapangitsa kuti azindikire kuti mchere wa aluminium umayambitsa zotupa mu mbewa (ziyenera kudziwika poyerekeza kuti kuyesa kwa nyama mu cosmetology pakuletsedwa pano);
• mu 2011, bungwe la ANSM (bungwe lachitetezo cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo) lidalengeza kuti palibe kulumikizana komwe kulipo pakati pa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa miyala ya alum ndi mchere wake wa aluminiyamu komanso mawonekedwe a khansa malinga ngati kuchuluka kwawo kuli kochepera 0,6%;
• mu 2014, CSSC (komiti yasayansi yaku Europe yokhudzana ndi chitetezo cha ogula) yalengeza kuti "posowa chidziwitso chokwanira, kuopsa kogwiritsa ntchito mchere wa aluminium sikungayesedwe".

Ponena za zodzikongoletsera, mumtundu uliwonse zomwe zimaperekedwa, mchere wa aluminiyamu sungathe kupitilira kuchuluka kwa 0,6% yazomwe zimapangidwira.

European Commission (CSSC) ikupitilizabe kufufuza zavuto laminga ili, lomwe lingothetsa vutoli.

Ndi "maubwino zikwi" amwala wa alum, ndi kwanzeru kuwonjezera lakuthwa, werengani mosamala malangizo amchere a aluminium ndikudikirira moleza mtima malingaliro a akatswiri aku Europe.