Kodi muli ndi pakati? Palibe konse!

Anthu akhala akukumana ndi vuto la kulera kuyambira kalekale. Munthawi yosasamala imeneyo, njira yophweka inali kupha ana - kupha ana: kupereka ana nsembe kwa milungu ndi mizimu, kuwasiya kuti adyedwa ndi nyama, kusowa chisamaliro kwa ana odwala ndi ofooka komanso kuwonongedwa kwa nthawi ndi nthawi kwa pafupifupi makanda onse - monga, mwachitsanzo, pakati pa fuko la anthu oyendayenda a ku Angola okonda nkhondo - Jags, kumene mkazi sankaonedwa ngati mayi kwambiri ngati msilikali wabwino kwambiri, yemwe safunikira kukhala ndi ana oposa awiri.

Ku India ndi China, njira za "Spartan-demographic" zotere zidapitilira mpaka pakati pazaka za zana la XNUMX. M’chenicheni, makhalidwe abwino Achiyuda ndi Achikristu okha ndi amene anatsutsa kuletsa kulera koteroko. Komabe, njira zina za kulera sizinayambitsenso chidwi pakati pa atsogoleri achipembedzo: kugonana kukanatha kulungamitsidwa ndi cholinga chapamwamba kwambiri - kubadwa kwa chiwerengero chosalamulirika cha ana, omwe ndi ochepa okha omwe anapulumuka. Ku Victorian England, mkazi adawonetsedwa ngati "mngelo woyera", wosadziwika bwino ndi zilakolako za thupi, komanso makamaka ndi kafukufuku wachipatala waposachedwapa wa momwe mimba imakhalira komanso chifukwa chake mimba imapezeka. Komabe, zaka mazana ambiri za kusalabadira kwa Afarisi za mkhalidwe wa anthu zapita, ngakhale kuti nthanozo zidakalipobe. Chifukwa chake, ngakhale lero, mayanjano ambiri osasangalatsa amalumikizidwa ndi mawu oti "sterilization": chinthu chowopsa, kuchokera m'mbiri ya zoyeserera zankhanza pa anthu, chimamveka m'mawu omwewo. Koma popeza mdani wa choonadi si bodza, koma nthano, ndi bwino kufotokoza chisokonezo m'mitu ya nzika anzawo.

Nthano 1

Kuthena kumasokonezeka nthawi zonse ndi kuthena - kuchotsa thumba losunga mazira pazifukwa zachipatala. Iwo sali chinthu chomwecho nkomwe. Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa kutsekereza ndikuti sikumasintha momwe mahomoni amakhalira: mkazi amakhalabe mkazi, monganso mwamuna amakhalabe mwamuna. Ngakhale opareshoni ilinso pafupifupi yosasinthika, monga kuthena: kubwezeretsa chonde pambuyo pafupifupi zosatheka.

Nthano 2

Kulera ndi ntchito ya amayi. Ambiri mwa amuna ndi akazi amatsimikiza za izi. Chifukwa chake, malingaliro ena amawuka: ngakhale mwamuna ali wokonzeka kutsekereza kapena kumwa mapiritsi oletsa kubereka, mnzake amatsutsa mwamphamvu izi. Amayi akuwopa kuti chitetezo chingavulaze mwamuna ndikudzimva kuti ndi wolakwa pakusintha ntchitoyi pa mapewa a amuna osalimba. Malingaliro awa amachimwa osati ku Russia kokha, komanso mu chikhalidwe cha ku Ulaya, ndipo ndi amayi okha a ku America omwe amaona kuti kulera kwa amuna ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yothetsera vutoli.

Nthano 3

"Ndilibe chiberekero - zikutanthauza kuti ndine wocheperapo." Mkhalidwe wamaganizo wa mayi yemwe adavomera kulera ndi wofanana ndi kupsinjika kwa amayi omwe aphunzira za kusabereka kwawo kwachilengedwe. Mkazi wosabereka amamva chisonkhezero chosakwaniritsidwa cha umayi, mkazi wosabala, amene wakana mwadala, amadzipezanso ali mumkhalidwe umene umunthu umatsutsana ndi pulogalamu yachilengedwe, chibadwa cha kubereka. Thupi ladzaza ndi mahomoni opsinjika, nkhawa, kukhumudwa, kukwiya kumawonjezeka kwambiri kotero kuti muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito antidepressants. Mutha kulimbana ndi malingaliro oyipa ndi ma decoctions azachipatala, koma nthawi zina muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kapena masewera olimbitsa thupi kuti muchepetse kupsinjika.

Nthano 4

"Kutsekera ndi kwa okalamba ndi odwala." Anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti kulera ndi njira yowonjezereka, pamene mkazi, chifukwa cha thanzi, palibe chifukwa chokhalira ndi ana, palibe njira za kulera zomwe zili zoyenera kwa iye, ndipo chifukwa cha izi nthawi zonse amakhala ndi pakati ndipo amachotsa mimba nthawi zonse. Ndipotu, kutseketsa kumasonyezedwa kwa amayi okhwima, koma osati kwa okalamba komanso osati chifukwa chachipatala, komanso pa chisankho chaufulu cha mkazi mwiniwakeyo kapena mwamunayo.

Nthano 5

Anthu ambiri amakhulupirira izi akazi ndi amuna opitirira msinkhu winawake sangathenso kubereka mwana… Koma thupi limatha kupangitsa mkazi wazaka 45-55 kukhala wosangalala ndi mimba. Pambuyo pake kwambiri kubala kumapezekanso, ndipo chonde (kuthekera kwa umuna) umuna wamphongo ulibe malire a msinkhu nkomwe.

Chifukwa chake, tidalowa mu Zakachikwi zatsopano ndi mkangano wowopsa wokhudza kulera mwakufuna: kodi njira yakulera iyi ndiyovomerezeka kapena iyenera kuletsedwa pazifukwa zamakhalidwe abwino. Pakadali pano, mu 2000, amayi 145 miliyoni ndi amuna 45 miliyoni padziko lonse lapansi adatsekeredwa. Ku Ulaya ndi ku America, mayi wachinayi aliyense wopitirira zaka 30 amagwiritsira ntchito njira yolerera imeneyi. Ku Russia, malinga ndi malamulo a Russian Federation, kulera mwaufulu kumaloledwa pokhapokha ngati palibe zotsutsana - zolakwika zazikulu, matenda a mtima, kupuma, mkodzo ndi mitsempha, zotupa zowopsa, matenda a magazi, komanso ngati pali ana awiri m’banjamo. Amaloledwa kuchitidwa opaleshoni ndi omwe ali ndi mwana mmodzi yekha, koma mkaziyo ayenera kukhala osachepera zaka 32. Mu chipatala cha amayi oyembekezera komanso ku dipatimenti ya gynecology, iwo angayesetse kupeza kuzama kwa zolinga zanu ndipo, mwinamwake, adzayesa kukulepheretsani inu: chisankho choterocho chiyenera kukhala choyenera osati cha kanthawi.

Tsopano za opareshoni yokha. Kutseketsa kwachikazi kumawoneka motere: chida chapadera chimalowetsedwa m'mimba mwa m'mimba kudzera m'mabowo ang'onoang'ono pansi pa mchombo - laparoscope, yomwe ma clamps kapena mphete za silikoni zimayikidwa pamimba. Chifukwa chake, kutsekeka kochita kupanga kwa machubu amapangidwa, dzira limasiyanitsidwa ndi nyini, ndipo kutenga pakati kumakhala kosatheka. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa laparoscope kumapangitsa kuti kulera kukhale kosinthika. Zomangamanga zimatha kuchotsedwa ndipo chonde chibwezeretsedwe - koma iyi ndi njira yovuta komanso yosapambana. Panthawi ya opaleshoni, njira zina zimagwiritsidwa ntchito: kulumikiza, ndiyeno kuwoloka mapaipi; kutsekereza mapaipi pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yotentha; kuyambika kwa machubu ochotseka machubu, mankhwala amadzimadzi omwe amapangitsa kupanga chilonda chosadutsika.

Kutsekereza kwa amuna kumatchedwa vasectomy. Vasectomy imaphatikizapo kudula kachidutswa kakang'ono ka vas deferens, chubu chomwe chimanyamula umuna kuchokera ku machende kupita ku prostate. Ubwamuna umasiya kubereka, ndipo mwamuna amataya mphamvu ya umuna, kusungabe mphamvu zina zonse ndi gamut yonse ya chilakolako chogonana. Pali njira ya Chinese postoperative vasectomy ndi wapadera achepetsa, akufuna mu 1974: amachepetsa chiopsezo cha postoperative mavuto. Panthawi ya kugonana kwa 10-12 pambuyo pa kulera, amuna amalimbikitsidwabe kuti adziteteze: kuchuluka kwa spermatozoa kumakhalabe mu prostate. Panalinso zochitika zapadera pamene sutures mu ducts adatengeka ndipo mphamvu ya feteleza inabwezeretsedwa. Opaleshoni yobwezeretsanso chonde ndi ntchito yodula kwambiri, kotero muyenera kuganizira mozama za chisankho chanu.