Wolankhula Bent (Infundibulicybe geotropa) chithunzi ndi kufotokozera

Wolankhula wopindika (Infundibulicybe geotropa)

• Clitocybe yatsekedwa
• Clitocybe gilva var. geotropic

Dzina lapano: Infundibulicybe geotropa (Bull. ex DC.) Harmaja, Annales Botanici Fennici 40 (3): 216 (2003)

Wolankhulayo, wopindika ngati kagalu, amakula mosiyanasiyana. Choyamba, mwendo wamphamvu umatuluka, kenako chipewa chimayamba kukula. Choncho, kuchuluka kwa bowa kumasinthasintha nthawi zonse pakukula.

mutu: ndi mainchesi 8-15 cm, imatha kukula mpaka 20 komanso mpaka 30 centimita. Poyamba convex, lathyathyathya otukukirani, ndi yaing'ono lakuthwa tubercle pakati ndi woonda m'mphepete mwamphamvu anatembenuka. Mu bowa waung'ono, kapu imawoneka yaying'ono mosagwirizana ndi tsinde lalitali komanso lalitali. Pamene ikukula, kapuyo imawongoka, imakhala poyamba ngakhale, kenako imakhumudwa kapena ngati funnel, pamene tubercle yaing'ono pakati, monga lamulo, imakhalabe. Ikhoza kutchulidwa mochuluka kapena mocheperapo, koma imakhalapo nthawi zonse.

Zouma, zosalala. Mtundu wa kapu ya wokamba wopindika umasinthasintha kwambiri: ukhoza kukhala pafupifupi woyera, woyera, minyanga ya njovu, fawn, wofiira, wakuda wachikasu, bulauni, wachikasu-bulauni, nthawi zina ndi mawanga a dzimbiri.

Records: pafupipafupi, ndi mbale pafupipafupi, zoonda, zotsika. Mu zitsanzo zazing'ono, zoyera, kenako - zonona, zachikasu.

spore powder: woyera.

Mikangano: 6-10 x 4-9 microns (malinga ndi Italiya - 6-7 x 5-6,5 microns), ellipsoid, oval kapena pafupifupi kuzungulira.

mwendo: zamphamvu kwambiri, zimawoneka makamaka zazikulu mu bowa wachichepere wokhala ndi zipewa zazing'ono, zomwe sizinakule.

Kutalika kwa 5-10 (15) masentimita ndi 1-3 masentimita m'mimba mwake, pakati, cylindrical, mofananamokulitsidwa kumunsi, wandiweyani, wolimba, wonyezimira, wokhala ndi pubescence yoyera pansipa:

Kuphedwa (olimba), kawirikawiri (mwa anthu akuluakulu olankhula) ndi kabowo kakang'ono kapakati. Wamtundu umodzi wokhala ndi chipewa kapena chopepuka, chofiirira pang'ono m'munsi. Mu bowa wamkulu, ukhoza kukhala wakuda kuposa kapu, wofiira, thupi pakati pa tsinde limakhalabe loyera.

Pulp: wandiweyani, wandiweyani, womasuka mu tsinde, wopindika pang'ono mu zitsanzo za akuluakulu. Choyera, choyera, nyengo yamvula - yamadzi-yoyera. Ndime za mphutsi zimatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wa brownish, wa dzimbiri-bulauni.

Futa: Zolimba kwambiri, za bowa, zokometsera pang'ono, zimatha kukhala 'zowawa' pang'ono, nthawi zina zimafotokozedwa ngati 'nati' kapena 'amondi owawa', nthawi zina ngati 'fungo lokoma lamaluwa'.

Kukumana: wopanda mawonekedwe.

Wolankhula wopindika amakhala m'nkhalango zowirira komanso zosakanikirana pa dothi lolemera (humus, chernozem), kapena ndi zinyalala zamasamba osatha, m'malo owala, m'mphepete, mu zitsamba, mu moss, limodzi ndi magulu, m'mizere ndi mphete, kupanga. "njira za elf" ndi "mabwalo amatsenga".

Ndi kuphatikiza kopambana kwa zochitika, pakuyeretsa kumodzi, mutha kudzaza madengu angapo akulu.

Imakula kuyambira zaka khumi zoyambirira za Julayi mpaka kumapeto kwa Okutobala. Misa fruiting kuyambira m'ma August kuti mochedwa September. M'nyengo yofunda komanso kumadera akumwera, imapezekanso mu November-December, mpaka chisanu komanso ngakhale chisanu choyamba ndi chisanu choyamba.

Infundibulicybe geotropa mwachiwonekere imachokera ku cosmopolitan: mitunduyi imagawidwa kwambiri m'madera onse kumene nkhalango kapena kubzalidwa koyenera kulipo.

Wolankhula wopindika amatengedwa ngati bowa wodyedwa wokhala ndi kukoma kwapakati (gulu lachinayi). Kuphika kusanachitike kumalimbikitsidwa, malinga ndi magwero osiyanasiyana - kuchokera kumodzi mpaka kawiri kapena katatu, wiritsani kwa mphindi zosachepera 20, kukhetsa msuzi, osagwiritsa ntchito. Pa nthawi yomweyo, m'buku lakuti "Bowa. Illustrated Reference Book (Andreas Gminder, Tania Bening) amati ndi "Bowa Wamtengo Wapatali", koma zipewa za bowa zazing'ono zimadyedwa.

Ndingatsutsane… ndi mawu onsewa.

Choyamba, bowa ndi chokoma kwambiri, chimakhala ndi zokometsera zake, palibe zokometsera zowonjezera zomwe zimafunikira mukazinga. Kukoma kumakumbutsa kukoma kwa bowa wa oyisitara, mwina mizere ya miyendo ya lilac: yosangalatsa, yofewa. Maonekedwe abwino kwambiri, sayandama, sagwa.

Kachiwiri, palibe kwenikweni chilichonse mu zisoti za bowa achichepere, ndizochepa. Koma miyendo ya achinyamata, ngati munayenera kusonkhanitsa, kwambiri ngakhale kanthu. Wiritsani, kudula mu mphete ndi - mu poto yokazinga. Mu olankhula achikulire, mwa iwo omwe zipewa zawo zakula kale kukula molingana ndi tsinde, ndi bwino kusonkhanitsa zipewa zokha: miyendo yonse imakhala yolimba-fibrous mu wosanjikiza wakunja ndi thonje-ubweya pakati.

Ndimawiritsa kawiri: nthawi yoyamba yomwe ndimawiritsa kwa mphindi zingapo, ndimatsuka bowa ndikuwiritsa kachiwiri, kwa mphindi 10.

Ndipo ku funso la edability. Patsamba lina lachingerezi lonena za Infundibulicybe geotropa, palembedwa zinthu monga izi (kumasulira kwaulere):

Gawo laling'ono la anthu satenga bowa, zizindikiro zimawonekera mu mawonekedwe a kusanza bwino. Komabe, iyi ndi bowa wokoma kwambiri, wamnofu kotero kuti muyenera kuyesa pang'ono, ndikofunikira kuti muphike bwino. Machenjezo oterowo [okhudza kusalolera] amanyansidwa ndi ofalitsa amantha. Simudzawona mabuku ophika akuchenjeza za kusagwirizana kwa gluten mu njira iliyonse.

Fryani zisotizo ngati nyama mpaka zitayamba kuphulika, kutulutsa kukoma kwawo kwa umami.

Malo omwewo amalimbikitsa kuyatsa zipewa, ndi "kutumiza miyendo ku poto", ndiko kuti, kuzigwiritsa ntchito kwa supu.

Wokamba wopindika akhoza yokazinga (monga aliyense, ine ndikuyembekeza, anamvetsa pambuyo otentha koyambirira), mchere, marinated, stewed ndi mbatata, masamba kapena nyama, okonzeka soups ndi gravies zochokera izo.

Clitocybe gibba

zitha kuwoneka ngati chithunzi ndipo pokhapokha ngati palibe chilichonse pafupi ndi sikelo. Wolankhula faniyo ndi wocheperako m'mbali zonse.

Mbalame yotchedwa Club-footed warbler (Ampulloclitocybe clavipes)

Zitha kukhalanso zofanana ndi chithunzi chokha. Wokamba za club-footed ndi wocheperako, ndipo chofunika kwambiri - monga momwe dzinalo limatanthawuzira - mwendo wake umawoneka ngati mace: umakula kwambiri kuchokera pamwamba mpaka pansi. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti musamadule zipewa zokha mukakolola, koma kuchotsa bowa wonse.

Nkhumba yaikulu (Leucopaxillus giganteus)

Zitha kuwoneka ngati Govorushka yayikulu yopindika, koma ilibe tubercle yapakati yowoneka bwino, ndipo Leucopaxillus giganteus nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi chipewa "chosakhazikika". Kuphatikiza apo, Nkhumba Yaikulu imakula "molingana" kuyambira ali mwana, ana ake samawoneka ngati misomali yokhala ndi miyendo yokhuthala ndi zipewa zazing'ono.

Bowa wa Royal oyster (Eringi, Steppe oyster bowa) (Pleurotus eryngii)

ali wamng'ono, zingawoneke ngati Govorushka wamng'ono wopindika - chipewa chopanda chitukuko chomwecho ndi mwendo wotupa. Koma Eringa ali kwambiri kutsika mbale, iwo kutambasula kutali ndi mwendo, pang'onopang'ono kuzimiririka. Mwendo wa Eringa umadyedwa popanda kuwira kwanthawi yayitali, ndipo chipewa nthawi zambiri chimakhala cha mbali imodzi (dzina lodziwika bwino ndi "Steppe Single Barrel"). Ndipo, potsirizira pake, Eringi, komabe, amapezeka kwambiri m'sitolo kuposa m'nkhalango yodula.

Wokamba wopindika ndi wosangalatsa chifukwa amatha kuwonetsedwa mumitundu yosiyana kwambiri: kuyambira yoyera, yoyera yamkaka mpaka yakuda yachikasu-yofiira-bulauni. Sizopanda pake kuti amodzi mwa mayinawo ndi "Wolankhula Wofiira".

Kawirikawiri zitsanzo zazing'ono zimakhala zopepuka, ndipo zachikulire zimakhala ndi mitundu yofiira.

Mafotokozedwe osiyanasiyana nthawi zina amanena kuti zisoti zofiirira zimatha kufota mu bowa wokhwima.

Amakhulupirira kuti bowa "wachilimwe" ndi mdima, ndipo amakula nyengo yozizira - yopepuka.

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