Cacosmia ndi vuto la fungo lomwe limatanthauzidwa ndi malingaliro a fungo losasangalatsa kapena loipa popanda fungo loterolo m'malo akunja a wodwalayo. Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala nsonga ya madzi oundana: matenda, vuto la m'mimba kapena kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha nthawi zambiri zimakhala maziko a cacosmia.

Tanthauzo la cacosmia

Cacosmia ndi vuto la fungo lomwe limatanthauzidwa ndi malingaliro a fungo losasangalatsa kapena loipa popanda kukhala ndi fungo loterolo m'malo akunja a wodwalayo komanso popanda kukanika kwa dongosolo lake lonunkhira.

Nthawi zambiri ndi fungo lochokera m'thupi la wodwalayo. Komabe, fungo lodziwika lingakhalenso zotsatira za kusintha kwa neuronal.

Mitundu ya cacosmias

Mitundu iwiri ya cacosmia imatha kusiyanitsa:

• Cholinga cha cacosmia: kununkhira, kwenikweni, kumapangidwa ndi wodwala yekha. Itha kumveka ndi anthu ena pafupi. Timalankhula za fungo lamkati;
• The subjective cacosmia: kununkhira komwe kumamveka sikowona komanso sikudziwika ndi omwe akuzungulirani. Mtundu uwu wa cacosmia umakhalabe wosowa.

Zifukwa za cacosmia

Zifukwa zazikulu za cholinga cacosmia ndi:

• Matenda a mano, sinuses - sinus aspergillosis, sinusitis, nthawi zambiri amayamba chifukwa cha matenda a mano -, tonsils (tonsillitis), etc.;
• Kutupa kwa mphuno monga rhinitis - makamaka otchedwa atrophic;
• Kufalikira kwa mafangasi m'miyendo kudzera mukulima bowa monga Scedosporium apiospermum kapena Pseudallescheria boydii;
• Matenda a reflux a gastroesophageal;
• Ndipo kawirikawiri, kumwa esomeprazole: osamvetsetseka bwino komanso osadziwika bwino, kumwa esomeprazole, monga gawo la chithandizo cha gastroesophageal reflux, kungayambitse cacosmia.

Panthawi ya cacosmia yokhazikika, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zokopa zakunja - fungo la duwa mwachitsanzo - lomwe limawoneka ngati fungo loipa. Subjective cacosmia imalumikizidwa ndi zifukwa zamaganizidwe kapena zamitsempha. Pamapeto pake, mafotokozedwe awiri ndi otheka: mwina chizindikirocho chimaperekedwa molakwika ku dongosolo lapakati la mitsempha, kapena chimaperekedwa mokwanira, koma chimatanthauzidwa molakwika ndi dongosolo lapakati la mitsempha. Zifukwa za kuyerekezera zinthu m`maganizo kununkhiza kungakhale chifukwa:

• Kuwonongeka kwa ubongo, makamaka mu lobe yanthawi;
• Zotupa za muubongo zomwe zimakhudza cortex ya olfactory kapena mitsempha yokhudzana ndi izo.

Kuzindikira kwa cacosmia

Kuzindikira kwa cacosmia kumapangidwa poyamba pamalingaliro a wodwalayo komanso malingaliro ake a fungo losasangalatsa. Katswiri wazachipatala akuyenera kuwonetsetsa kaye kuti palibe chotsekereza njira ya mphuno. Mayesero osiyanasiyana amachitidwa kuti awone chomwe chimayambitsa cacosmia:

• Kufufuza kwa ENT kuti muwone zotupa zowoneka kapena matenda monga ma tonsils kapena ndime zam'mphuno;
• Chithunzi chojambulidwa ndi maginito maginito imaging kapena ndi CT scan, kapena endoscopy kuti apeze, ngati alipo, kuyang'ana kwa matenda, zotupa muubongo kapena chotupa;
• Chikhalidwe cha chitsanzo cha minofu kusonyeza kukhalapo kwa bowa;
• pH-impedancemetry kuyeza acidity ya m'mimba ndikuzindikira gastroesophageal reflux;
• Ndi zina zambiri

Anthu okhudzidwa ndi cacosmia

10% ya anthu ambiri ali ndi vuto la fungo, lomwe limayimira cacosmia.

Zinthu zomwe zimathandizira cacosmia

Zinthu zomwe zimathandizira cacosmia zimachepetsedwa malinga ndi zomwe zimayambitsa matenda:

• Matenda a m'mano: matenda a mano osasamalidwa bwino omwe amapita kumphuno, ngozi panthawi ya chithandizo cha mano - mwachitsanzo kung'ambika pansi pa sinus ndi implants za mano - mano ovunda;
• Matenda a sinus: mphumu, kusuta kapena kusuta fodya;
• Kutupa kwa mphuno: kuipitsidwa kwa mpweya;
• Matenda a tonsil: kukhalapo kwa bakiteriya wamtundu wa streptococcal m'thupi;
• Kugwidwa ndi bowa: AIDS, neutropenia - chiwerengero chochepa kwambiri cha neutrophils, mtundu wa maselo oyera a magazi, m'magazi -, matenda a khansa a m'magazi ndi m'mafupa, kuyika;
• Matenda a reflux a gastroesophageal: kunenepa kwambiri, kunenepa kwambiri, fodya, zakudya zokhala ndi mafuta ambiri;
• Kuvulala muubongo: kugwa, ngozi, kuphulika.
• Zotupa muubongo: radiation, immunosuppression - kufooketsa chitetezo chathupi;
• Ndi zina zambiri

Kuzindikira fungo losasangalatsa

Wodwala cacosmia amaona zosasangalatsa fungo palibe mu chilengedwe ndipo popanda kukanika kwa dongosolo lake kununkhiza.

Kuwona bwino kukoma

Kumbali inayi, cacosmia ilibe mphamvu pamalingaliro a kukoma.

Zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana

Zizindikiro za cacosmia zimasiyana malinga ndi zomwe zimayambitsa:

• Nthenda ya m'mphuno: kuchulukana kwa ntchentche, mphuno yachikasu kapena yofiira, kupweteka pamene kukanikiza mphuno, mutu;
• Matenda a mano: kupweteka - komwe kumakula kwambiri pamene matendawa akukula -, kumva kutentha ndi kuzizira;
• Matenda a fungal: chifuwa, kutentha thupi kotheka;
• Tonsil matenda: zilonda zapakhosi, malungo, kupuma pa kudzoza (stridor), kuvutika kupuma, hyper-salivation, dushed mawu, ngati wodwalayo ali ndi chinthu chotentha mkamwa;
• Kutupa kwa minyewa ya m'mphuno: kuyabwa, kutulutsa magazi m'mphuno, mphuno, kutsekemera;
• Matenda a reflux a gastroesophageal: kutentha kwa mtima, acid reflux, kulawa kowawa mkamwa, kusokonezeka tulo;
• Kuwonongeka kwaubongo mumtundu wanthawi yayitali: kupweteka mutu, kusokonezeka kwa maso, kusokonezeka kwa kukumbukira, kusokonezeka kwa magalimoto, nseru kapena kusanza, kutopa, chizungulire;
• Zotupa muubongo mu olfactory cortex: kununkhiza kununkhiza, khunyu khunyu.

Chithandizo cha cacosmia chimadalira chifukwa chake.

Chithandizo cha sinusitis chikhoza kuchitidwa motere:

• Mafuta ofunika: ndimu bulugamu, kuchepetsa kutupa, tsabola wakuda chifukwa analgesic ndi hyperthermizing tingati, munda timbewu, chifukwa decongestant tingati, bulugamu radiata, chifukwa odana infective mphamvu;
• Mankhwala: maantibayotiki, monga penicillin kuti athane ndi matenda a bakiteriya, analgesics, monga paracetamol kuti achepetse ululu, corticosteroids, kuti achepetse edema ngati kuli kofunikira;
• Opaleshoni: kutsuka nkusani, kuchotsa dzino ngati kuli kofunikira, endonasal microsurgery.

Matenda a mano adzachiritsidwa mwa:

• Kuchotsedwa kwa malo omwe ali ndi kachilomboka ndi katswiri wa zaumoyo;
• The makonzedwe a maantibayotiki kuwonjezera ngati n`koyenera.

Kutengera ndi kutupa kwa mphuno, dokotala atha kukupatsani mankhwala awa:

• Humidification wa mpweya wozungulira;
• Kugwiritsa ntchito vasoconstrictors kapena antihistamines.

Kuchiza kwa tonsils kumachepetsedwa ndi:

• kugwiritsa ntchito ibuprofen kapena paracetamol;
• Gargling ndi madzi otentha amchere;
• Zopopera pakhosi potengera mankhwala oletsa kukomoka;
• Kuyamwa kwa zakudya zosavuta kumeza, zopatsa thanzi komanso zonyowa: supu ndi yabwino.

Chithandizo cha cacosmia pambuyo pa reflux yam'mimba kwambiri ndi:

• Opaleshoni, kuika valavu pakati kum'mero ​​ndi m'mimba motero umakaniko kutsekereza kutuluka kwa chakudya;
• Mankhwala ochizira kuwonjezera pa opaleshoni chifukwa amangochita pa zizindikiro osati chifukwa cha reflux: maantacids kapena chapamimba mavalidwe, omwe amadekha popanda machiritso, H2 antihistamines, kuchepetsa kupanga hydrochloric acid , proton pump inhibitors, kuti atseke. maselo omwe amapanga asidi.

Kupatula zotupa zazikulu, pulasitiki yachilengedwe yaubongo - kuthekera kwaubongo kudzikonza - kungathandize kuchiza kuvulala kwaubongo. Kupanda kutero, kutengera malo ndi kukula kwa kuvulala kwaubongo, wodwalayo atha kulandira chithandizo chosiyanasiyana:

• Neurosurgery, kuti atseke gawo lowonongeka la ubongo;
• Thandizo la ntchito, ngati kuli kofunikira, kuti aphunzirenso machitidwe a moyo watsiku ndi tsiku;
• Physiotherapy, kugwira ntchito moyenera ngati kuli kofunikira;
• Thandizo la kulankhula, kupititsa patsogolo kulankhulana pakamwa ngati kuli kofunikira.

Chithandizo cha cacosmia pambuyo pa chotupa muubongo ndi:

• Chemotherapy;
• Radiotherapy;
• Njira yochiritsira
• Kuchotsa chotupacho ndi opaleshoni ngati chotupacho ndi chachikulu, ndipo izi sizimawonedwa ngati zowopsa ndi akatswiri azaumoyo.

Kuchuluka kwa bowa, chithandizo chachikulu ndikutenga antifungal.

Ngakhale pali zifukwa zingapo, cacosmia imatha kupewedwa ndi:

• Kupewa kukhudzana ndi anthu omwe ali ndi matenda omwe amatha kupatsirana;
• Kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi - chakudya, mano etc.;
• Kupeŵa kugona mwamsanga pamene chakudya chatha;
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mu synergy, pa supuni ya uchi, mafuta ofunikira a basil, peppermint ndi Roman chamomile kuti apititse patsogolo m'mimba;
• Ndi zina zambiri