Mtengo wa thanzi komanso kapangidwe ka mankhwala.
| Zakudya zabwino | kuchuluka | Zachikhalidwe ** | % yazizolowezi mu 100 g | % ya zachilendo mu 100 kcal | 100% yachibadwa |
| Mtengo wa calorie | Tsamba 164 | Tsamba 1684 | 9.7% | 5.9% | 1027 ga |
| Mapuloteni | 16.4 ga | 76 ga | 21.6% | 13.2% | 463 ga |
| mafuta | 10.9 ga | 56 ga | 19.5% | 11.9% | 514 ga |
| Water | 71.4 ga | 2273 ga | 3.1% | 1.9% | 3183 ga |
| ash | 1.3 ga | ~ | |||
| mavitamini | |||||
| Vitamini A, RE | Makilogalamu 60 | Makilogalamu 900 | 6.7% | 4.1% | 1500 ga |
| Retinol | 0.06 mg | ~ | |||
| Vitamini B1, thiamine | 0.05 mg | 1.5 mg | 3.3% | 2% | 3000 ga |
| Vitamini B2, riboflavin | 0.13 mg | 1.8 mg | 7.2% | 4.4% | 1385 ga |
| Vitamini C, ascorbic | 1.1 mg | 90 mg | 1.2% | 0.7% | 8182 ga |
| Vitamini E, alpha tocopherol, TE | 2.1 mg | 15 mg | 14% | 8.5% | 714 ga |
| Vitamini PP, NO | 5.6 mg | 20 mg | 28% | 17.1% | 357 ga |
| niacin | 1.7 mg | ~ | |||
| Ma Macronutrients | |||||
| Potaziyamu, K | 280 mg | 2500 mg | 11.2% | 6.8% | 893 ga |
| Calcium, CA | 50 mg | 1000 mg | 5% | 3% | 2000 ga |
| Mankhwala a magnesium, mg | 75 mg | 400 mg | 18.8% | 11.5% | 533 ga |
| Sodium, Na | 100 mg | 1300 mg | 7.7% | 4.7% | 1300 ga |
| Sulufule, S | 164 mg | 1000 mg | 16.4% | 10% | 610 ga |
| Phosphorus, P. | 270 mg | 800 mg | 33.8% | 20.6% | 296 ga |
| Tsatani Zinthu | |||||
| Iron, Faith | 0.7 mg | 18 mg | 3.9% | 2.4% | 2571 ga |
| sterols | |||||
| Cholesterol | 80 mg | pa 300 mg | |||
| Mafuta okhutira | |||||
| Mafuta okhutira | 2.4 ga | maulendo 18.7 г |
Mphamvu ndi 164 kcal.
- vitamini E ali ndi zida za antioxidant, ndizofunikira pakugwira ntchito kwa ma gonads, mtima waminyewa, ndikukhazikika kwazingwe zam'manja. Ndi kuchepa kwa vitamini E, hemolysis ya erythrocyte ndi matenda amitsempha amaonedwa.
- Vitamini PP amachita nawo zochita redox mphamvu kagayidwe. Kusakwanira kudya mavitamini kumatsagana ndi kusokonekera kwa khungu, m'mimba komanso m'mitsempha.
- potaziyamu ndiye ion yama cell yayikulu yomwe imagwira nawo ntchito yoyang'anira madzi, asidi ndi ma elektrolyte, amatenga nawo mbali pazokhumba zamitsempha, malamulo opanikizika.
- mankhwala enaake a amatenga nawo gawo pamagetsi amagetsi, kaphatikizidwe ka mapuloteni, ma acid a nucleic, ali ndi mphamvu zolimba pakhungu, ndikofunikira kukhalabe ndi calcium home, potaziyamu ndi sodium. Kuperewera kwa magnesium kumabweretsa hypomagnesemia, chiopsezo chowonjezeka chokhala ndi matenda oopsa, matenda amtima.
- Phosphorus amatenga nawo gawo pazinthu zambiri zakuthupi, kuphatikiza mphamvu yamagetsi, kuwongolera kuyamwa kwa asidi, ndi gawo la phospholipids, nucleotides ndi nucleic acid, ndikofunikira pakuchepetsa mafupa ndi mano. Kuperewera kumabweretsa matenda a anorexia, kuchepa magazi, ziphuphu.
Mtengo wamagetsi, kapena zopatsa kalori Ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe zimatulutsidwa m'thupi la munthu kuchokera ku chakudya panthawi ya chimbudzi. Mphamvu yamphamvu ya chinthu imayesedwa mu kilocalories (kcal) kapena kilojoules (kJ) pa 100 magalamu. mankhwala. Kilocalorie yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeza kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya chakudya imatchedwanso "calorie yachakudya," chifukwa chake mawu oyambira pa kilo nthawi zambiri samasiyidwa akamanena zopatsa mphamvu mu (kilo) zopatsa mphamvu. Mutha kuwona matebulo atsatanetsatane amagetsi pazinthu zaku Russia.
Mtengo wa zakudya - zili ndi chakudya, mafuta ndi mapuloteni.
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi - gulu lazinthu zopangira chakudya, pamaso pazomwe thupi limakwaniritsa zosowa zamunthu ndi mphamvu.
mavitamini, zinthu zakuthupi zomwe zimafunikira pang'ono pang'ono pazakudya za anthu komanso zinyama zambiri. Mavitamini nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi zomera m'malo mwa nyama. Chosowa cha anthu tsiku ndi tsiku cha mavitamini ndi mamiligalamu ochepa kapena ma micrograms ochepa. Mosiyana ndi zinthu zopanda pake, mavitamini amawonongeka ndi kutentha kwakukulu. Mavitamini ambiri amakhala osakhazikika komanso "amatayika" pophika kapena pokonza chakudya.