Chondrosarcoma ndi imodzi mwa khansa ya m'mafupa yofala kwambiri mwa akuluakulu opitirira zaka 50. Zitha kupezeka pamiyezo yosiyanasiyana ya thupi. Opaleshoni ndi chithandizo cha chisankho choyamba.

Tanthauzo la chondrosarcoma

Chondrosarcoma ndi mtundu wa khansa ya m'mafupa. Chotupa choopsacho chimakhala ndi tsatanetsatane woyambira pamphambano pakati pa mafupa awiri pamlingo wa articular cartilage (minofu yosinthika komanso yosamva yomwe imaphimba mfundo).

Chondrosarcoma imatha kukula mumtundu uliwonse wolumikizana. Nthawi zambiri amawonedwa pamlingo wa:

• mafupa aatali monga femur (fupa la ntchafu), tibia (fupa la mwendo), ndi humerus (fupa la mkono);
• mafupa osalala ngati scapula (fupa lakumbuyo), nthiti, msana ndi mafupa a m'chiuno.

Gulu la chondrosarcoma

Khansara imatha kugawidwa molingana ndi magawo ambiri.

Mwachitsanzo, n'zotheka kusiyanitsa chondrosarcoma choyambirira ndi chondrosarcoma yachiwiri. Akuti ndi yachiwiri pamene ndi chifukwa cha chitukuko cha chotupa china.

Makhansa amagawidwanso malinga ndi kuchuluka kwawo. Timalankhula za siteji mu mawu azachipatala. Kukula kwa khansa ya m'mafupa kumawunikidwa m'magawo anayi. Pokwera siteji, khansara imafalikira thupi lonse.

Nthawi zambiri, chondrosarcoma imakhala yotsika kwambiri. Magawo 1 mpaka 3 amagwirizana ndi mafomu omwe ali kwawoko. Gawo 4 limatchula mitundu ya metastatic: maselo a khansa asamukira kuzinthu zina m'thupi.

Zindikirani: gawo la khansa ya m'mafupa siligwiritsidwa ntchito pa zotupa za msana ndi m'chiuno.

Zifukwa za chondrosarcoma

Monga mitundu ina yambiri ya khansa, chondrosarcomas ali ndi chiyambi chomwe sichinamveke bwino.

Mpaka pano, zawonedwa kuti kukula kwa chondrosarcoma kungakhale chifukwa kapena kuyanjidwa ndi:

• zotupa zapafupa (zopanda khansa) monga chondroma kapena osteochondroma;
• retinoblastoma ya mayiko awiri, mtundu wa khansa ya m'maso;
• Matenda a Paget, matenda oopsa a mafupa;
• Li-Fraumeni syndrome, matenda osowa omwe amayambitsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zotupa.

Kuzindikira kwa chondrosarcome

Mtundu uwu wa khansa ukhoza kuganiziridwa pazochitika zomwe tazitchula pamwambapa, kapena pamaso pa zizindikiro zina zachipatala. Kuzindikira kwa chondrosarcoma kumatha kutsimikiziridwa ndikuzama ndi:

• kuyezetsa zithunzi zachipatala monga x-ray, CT scans, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ndi bone scintigraphy;
• biopsy yomwe imakhala ndi kutenga chidutswa cha minofu kuti aunike, makamaka ngati akukayikira khansa.

Mayeserowa angagwiritsidwe ntchito kutsimikizira matenda a osteosarcoma, kuyeza kukula kwake ndikuwona kukhalapo kapena kusapezeka kwa metastases.

Anthu okhudzidwa

Chondrosarcoma nthawi zambiri amapezeka mwa akuluakulu azaka zopitilira 50. Khansa izi zimatha kuwoneka kuyambira zaka makumi atatu. Siziwoneka kawirikawiri mwa ana ndi achinyamata.

Kupweteka kwa mafupa

Kupweteka kwa mafupa nthawi zambiri kumakhala chizindikiro choyamba cha khansa ya m'mafupa. Ululu ukhoza kukhala wokhazikika kapena wosakhalitsa, wochuluka kapena wocheperapo, wokhazikika kapena wofalikira.

Kutupa kwanuko

Kukula kwa chondrosarcoma kumatha kupangitsa kuti minyewa yokhudzidwa iwonekere ngati chotupa kapena chosalala.

Zizindikiro zina zogwirizana

Ululu ukhoza kutsagana ndi zizindikiro zina malinga ndi malo, mtundu ndi njira ya khansara. Mwachitsanzo :

• kusokonezeka kwa magalimoto, makamaka pamene mafupa a m'chiuno amakhudzidwa;
• vuto la kupuma pamene khansa yayamba m'nthiti.

Kuthandizira opaleshoni

Opaleshoni ndi chithandizo cha chisankho choyamba. Kukonzekera kungagwiritse ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo:

• yotakata excision, ndiko kuchotsa chotupa pamodzi ndi mbali ya fupa ndi yachibadwa minofu yozungulira izo;
• curettage, ndiko kuchotsa chotupacho mwa kukanda popanda kukhudza fupa.

Radiotherapy

Njira imeneyi imaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito ma radiation kuti awononge maselo a khansa. Zimaganiziridwa pamene chondrosarcoma sichikhoza kuchotsedwa ndi opaleshoni.

Opaleshoni ndi chemotherapy

Pamene chondrosarcoma ndi yaukali, chemotherapy ikhoza kuganiziridwa kuphatikizapo opaleshoni. Chithandizo cha chemotherapy chimagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kuti aletse maselo a khansa kukula.

immunotherapy

Iyi ndi njira yatsopano yochizira khansa. Zitha kukhala zowonjezera kapena njira zina zochiritsira zomwe tazitchula pamwambapa. Kafukufuku wambiri akuchitika. Cholinga cha immunotherapy ndikulimbikitsa chitetezo cha mthupi kuti chiteteze kukula kwa maselo a khansa.

Chiyambi cha chondrosarcoma sichidziwika bwino. Nthawi zambiri, kupewa khansa pakali pano kumadalira kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi.

Ndikulimbikitsidwanso kufunsira upangiri wamankhwala mosakayikira pang'ono. Kuzindikira msanga kumalimbikitsa chithandizo chamankhwala ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cha zovuta.