Cushing's Syndrome ndi vuto la endocrine lomwe limalumikizidwa ndi kukhudzidwa kwa thupi ndi kuchuluka kwa cortisol, timadzi timene timatulutsa timadzi ta adrenal. Makhalidwe ake kwambiri ndi kunenepa kwambiri kwa thupi lapamwamba ndi nkhope ya munthu wokhudzidwayo. Nthawi zambiri, Cushing's syndrome amayamba chifukwa chomwa mankhwala oletsa kutupa. Koma itha kukhalanso ndi chifukwa cha amkati chiyambi, monga matenda a Cushing, amene ndi osowa kwambiri, kuchokera mmodzi mpaka khumi ndi atatu latsopano milandu anthu miliyoni ndi pachaka, malinga ndi magwero. (1)

Kuchuluka kwa cortisol kumabweretsa zizindikiro ndi zizindikiro zambiri. Chochititsa chidwi kwambiri ndi kulemera kwa thupi ndi kusintha kwa maonekedwe a munthu wodwala: mafuta amadziunjikira pamwamba pa thupi ndi khosi, nkhope imakhala yozungulira, yotupa komanso yofiira. Izi zimatsagana ndi kutayika kwa minofu m'manja ndi miyendo, kotero kuti "atrophy" iyi ikhoza kulepheretsa kuyenda kwa munthu amene akukhudzidwa.

Zizindikiro zina zimawonedwa monga kupatulira khungu, maonekedwe a kutambasula (pamimba, ntchafu, matako, mikono ndi mawere) ndi mikwingwirima pamiyendo. Kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwamaganizidwe chifukwa cha ubongo wa cortisol sikuyenera kunyalanyazidwanso: kutopa, nkhawa, kukwiya, kugona ndi kusokonezeka maganizo ndi kuvutika maganizo zimakhudza umoyo wa moyo ndipo zingayambitse kudzipha.

Azimayi amatha kukhala ndi ziphuphu komanso kukula kwa tsitsi komanso kusokonezeka kwa msambo, pamene kugonana kwa amuna ndi kubereka kumachepa. Osteoporosis, matenda, thrombosis, kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi matenda a shuga ndizovuta zofala.

Cushing's syndrome imayamba chifukwa cha kuwonekera kwambiri kwa minofu m'thupi ku mahomoni a steroid, kuphatikiza cortisol. Cushing's syndrome nthawi zambiri imabwera chifukwa chomwa ma synthetic corticosteroids chifukwa cha anti-inflammatory effect pochiza mphumu, matenda otupa, etc., pakamwa, ngati kutsitsi kapena ngati mafuta onunkhira. Ndiye ndi chiyambi exogenous.

Koma chiyambi chake chikhoza kukhala chamkati: matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha kutulutsidwa kwakukulu kwa cortisol ndi chimodzi kapena zonse za adrenal glands (zomwe zili pamwamba pa impso). Izi zimachitika pamene chotupa, choopsa kapena chowopsa, chikukula mu adrenal gland, mu pituitary gland (yomwe ili mu chigaza), kapena kwina kulikonse m'thupi. Pamene Cushing's syndrome imayambitsidwa ndi chotupa chosaopsa mu pituitary gland (pituitary adenoma), amatchedwa Cushing's disease. Chotupacho chimatulutsa timadzi tambiri ta corticotropin ACTH zomwe zimalimbikitsa ma adrenal glands komanso mosadukiza kutulutsa kochulukirapo kwa cortisol. Matenda a Cushing ndi omwe amakhudza 70 peresenti ya matenda onse (2)

Matenda ambiri a Cushing's syndrome satengera kwa makolo. Komabe, izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa chotengera chibadwa chotengera kukula kwa zotupa mu endocrine, adrenal, ndi pituitary gland.

Akazi ali ndi mwayi wochuluka kuwirikiza kasanu kuti atenge matenda a Cushing's syndrome obwera chifukwa cha adrenal kapena pituitary chotupa. Kumbali ina, amuna amakhala okhudzidwa kuwirikiza katatu kuposa akazi pomwe choyambitsa chake ndi khansa ya m'mapapo. (2)

Cholinga cha chithandizo chilichonse cha Cushing's syndrome ndicho kubwezeretsanso kutulutsa kochuluka kwa cortisol. Cushing's syndrome ikayambitsidwa ndi mankhwala, katswiri wa endocrinologist amakonzanso chithandizo chamankhwala. Zikakhala zotsatira za chotupa, chithandizo cha opaleshoni (kuchotsa adenoma mu pituitary gland, adrenalectomy, etc.), radiotherapy ndi chemotherapy, amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ngati sizingatheke kuthetseratu chotupa choyambitsa matendawa, mankhwala omwe amaletsa cortisol (anticortisolics) kapena inhibitors ya hormone ACTH angagwiritsidwe ntchito. Koma ndizosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ndipo zotsatira zake zimakhala zovuta kwambiri, kuyambira ndi chiopsezo cha adrenal insufficiency.