Imfa ya hypothermia. Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani mthupi pakazizira kwambiri?

Mkati mwa chisanu choopsa, kutentha kwa thupi lathu kumatsika ndi madigiri 2 Celsius ola lililonse. Zimenezi n’zoopsa kwambiri chifukwa ngakhale thupi likazizira mpaka kufika madigiri 24 Celsius, munthu akhoza kufa. Imfa, yomwe sitikuidziwa, chifukwa munthu yemwe ali ndi hypothermia amamva kutentha kufalikira m'thupi.

1. Chimvula champhamvu chikubwera ku Poland. M’madera ena a dzikoli kutentha kwa usiku kumatha kutsika ngakhale madigiri angapo pansi pa ziro
2. Ngakhale kuti anthu amene amavutika ndi chisanu nthawi zambiri amamwa mowa mwauchidakwa, amatha kufa chifukwa cha hypothermia akabwerera kwawo mochedwa kapena ulendo wa kumapiri.
3. Tikamapita ku chisanu m'nyengo yozizira, zala zathu zimayamba dzanzi. Mwanjira imeneyi, thupi limapulumutsa mphamvu ndipo limayang'ana kwambiri kuti ziwalo zofunika kwambiri zigwire ntchito, monga ubongo, mtima, mapapo ndi impso.
4. Pamene kutentha kwa thupi lathu kutsika kufika pa 33 digiri Celsius, mphwayi ndi dementia zimawonekera. Thupi likazizira, limasiya kuzizira. Anthu ambiri amangotaya mtima ndikungogona, kapena kukomoka
5. Zambiri zofananira zitha kupezeka patsamba lanyumba la TvoiLokony

Kodi n'chiyani chimachitikira thupi pakatentha kwambiri chonchi?

Mwamuna yemwe ali pafupi ndi hypothermia yakupha sadziwa zenizeni za chilengedwe chozungulira. Ali ndi ziwonetsero komanso zowonera. Amavula chifukwa amayamba kumva kutentha, ngakhale kutentha. Maulendo opulumutsa anthu anapeza okwera pamwamba omwe anamwalira ndi hypothermia opanda jekete zawo. Komabe, anthu owerengeka anapulumuka ndipo anatha kugawana nawo zomwe anakumana nazo.

Pa -37 digiri Celsius, kutentha kwa thupi la munthu kumatsika ndi 2 digiri Celsius ola lililonse. Ichi ndi chiwopsezo chowopsa, chifukwa ngakhale kutentha kwa thupi kutsika kufika madigiri 24 Celsius, imfa imatha kuchitika. Ndipo mwina sitingadziwe za chiwopsezo chomwe chikubwera, chifukwa kuzizira kolowera ndi dzanzi la miyendo, kutentha kosangalatsa kumafika.

Poland yozizira

Tikamapita ku chisanu m'nyengo yozizira, zala zathu zimayamba dzanzi. N’zoonekeratu kuti ziwalo zotuluka m’thupi zimaundana kwambiri. Koma sichowonadi chonsecho. Thupi, kudziteteza ku hypothermia, "limachepetsa kutentha" kwa ziwalo zomwe sizili zofunikira kuti tikhale ndi moyo, ndipo limayang'ana kwambiri pakuthandizira ntchito ya ziwalo zofunika kwambiri, mwachitsanzo, ubongo, mtima, mapapo ndi impso. Anthu ambiri alibe ulamuliro pa izi, ngakhale ambuye odziwa yoga akuti amatha kupirira kuzizira bwino komanso motalika.

Koma tikhoza kudziteteza. Kafukufuku wa ku America wasonyeza kuti mwa kutentha thupi timachepetsa "kukhetsa kutentha" kuchokera ku miyendo ndi zala. Pakafukufukuyu, mkhalidwe wa chamoyo cha anthu omwe amavala ndi kuvala zovala zotentha adafaniziridwa. Izi ndi zofunika kuzipeza chifukwa zimathandiza anthu ogwira ntchito kumalo otentha kwambiri kuti akonzekere bwino ntchito yamanja yotalikirapo komanso yogwira ntchito bwino.

Ndikoyeneranso kusamala bwino khungu lanu kuti lidyetse bwino ndikulisamalira bwino. Pachifukwa ichi, yitanitsa Emulsion yokhala ndi vitamini E ya Banja lonse la Panthenol.

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Kupulumuka mwachibadwa

Chaka chilichonse ku Poland anthu pafupifupi 200 amafa ndi hypothermia. Mowa, anthu opanda pokhala amaundana nthawi zambiri. Mwa anthuwa, ngakhale kusintha kwa thupi kusanachitike chifukwa cha kutentha kochepa, chibadwa chokhala ndi moyo wathanzi chimasweka. N’chimodzimodzinso ndi anthu ambiri amene amaponda pa ayezi wopyapyala n’kufa pansi pake. Koma chisanu chikamapitirira -15 digiri Celsius, aliyense wa ife amatha kuzizira - ngakhale popita kuntchito, osatchulapo kukwera m'mapiri.

Nthawi yomwe thupi la munthu limadziteteza ku zotsatira za zinthu zoziziritsa kukhosi zimadalira mphamvu ya njira zake zodzitetezera. Poyambirira, mitsempha ya magazi imagwira ntchito ndipo kagayidwe kake "amasinthidwa", zomwe zimabweretsa kupsinjika kwa minofu ndi kuzizira, ndikusuntha kwa madzi kuchokera ku bedi la mitsempha kupita ku maselo. Komabe, chitetezo choterechi chimapangitsa kuti magazi aziyenda bwino komanso kuthamanga kwa magazi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi aziyenda kwambiri. Pakakhala chisanu kwa nthawi yayitali, thupi limayambitsa chitetezo china: limagaya chakudya kwambiri, ndipo glucose wochulukirapo amapangidwa kuposa masiku onse.

Claude Bernard, dokotala wa ku France komanso physiologist, adapeza kuti kuzizira kwambiri, kusonkhanitsa chakudya cham'madzi kumawonjezeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti shuga m'magazi ayambe kukwera mu zomwe adazitcha "chiwindi chozizira". Mu gawo lotsatira la chitetezo, thupi limagwiritsa ntchito glycogen kuchokera ku chiwindi, minofu, ndi ziwalo zina ndi minofu.

Thupi likapitiriza kuzizira, chitetezo chimatha ndipo thupi limayamba kufooka. Kutsika kutsika kwa kutentha kudzalepheretsa njira zama biochemical. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa okosijeni mu minofu kudzachepa. Kusakwanira kwa carbon dioxide m'magazi kungayambitse kuvutika maganizo. Zotsatira zake, padzakhala kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa kupuma ndi kuyendayenda kwa magazi, zomwe zidzachititsa kuti kupuma kulekeke komanso kutha kwa dongosolo la mtima, lomwe lidzakhala chifukwa cha imfa. Ndiye munthuyo adzakhala chikomokere. Imfa idzachitika pamene kutentha kwa mkati kwa thupi kumatsitsidwa kufika pafupifupi madigiri 22-24. Ngakhale anthu okomoka omwe amafa ndi hypothermia nthawi zambiri amapindika "mumpira".

Pakhungu la wokwera

Kutentha kwa thupi lathu kutsika ndi 1 ° C, minofu yathu imakhala yolimba. Miyendo ndi zala zimayamba kupweteka kwambiri, nthawi zina khosi limauma. Ndi kutayika kwa digiri ina, kusokonezeka kwamalingaliro kumawonekera. Tili ndi mavuto owoneka ndi fungo, kumva ndi maso, koma ndithudi kumverera ndiko koipa kwambiri.

Pa 33 digiri Celsius, mphwayi ndi dementia zimawonekera. Kutentha kumeneku, thupi limazizira kwambiri moti silimvanso kuzizira. Anthu ambiri amangotaya mtima ndikungogona, kapena kukomoka. Imfa ikubwera mofulumira kwambiri. Kuli bata ndi mtendere.

Koma zimenezi zisanachitike, chinthu chodabwitsa kwambiri chingachitike. Ena okwera mapiri amanena za izo. Mwamuna yemwe ali pafupi ndi hypothermia yakupha sadziwa zenizeni za chilengedwe chozungulira. Kuwona kuyerekezera zinthu m'makutu ndi kofala kwambiri. Zikatero, nthawi zambiri timakumana ndi zomwe tikufuna - pamenepa, kutentha. Nthawi zina kutengeka kumakhala kwamphamvu kwambiri kotero kuti anthu omwe ali ndi hypothermia amamva ngati khungu lawo likuyaka moto. Maulendo opulumutsa anthu nthawi zina amapeza okwera mapiri omwe amwalira ndi hypothermia popanda jekete zawo. Kumva kutentha kunali kwamphamvu kwambiri kotero kuti anaganiza zovula zovala zawo. Komabe, anthu angapo otere anapulumutsidwa pa mphindi yotsiriza, chifukwa chimene iwo akanatha kunena za maganizo awo.

Kutentha kwa thupi kukatsika, kagayidwe kake kamachepa ndipo kusintha kosasinthika muubongo kumawoneka mochedwa kwambiri. Choncho, munthu wopezeka mu mkhalidwe supercooling, amene n'kovuta ngakhale kumva kugunda ndi mpweya, akhoza kupulumutsidwa chifukwa mwaluso anachita resuscitation kanthu.

Zotsatira za kuziziritsa pansi - frostbites

Kuzizira komweko kumayambitsanso chisanu. Kusintha kumeneku kumachitika kawirikawiri m'madera a thupi omwe ali ndi magazi ochepa, makamaka omwe amatha kutentha kwambiri, monga mphuno, auricles, zala ndi zala. Frostbites ndi zotsatira za kusokonezeka kwa kayendedwe ka magazi komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwa khoma ndi lumen ya mitsempha yaying'ono.

Chifukwa cha chikhalidwe ndi kuchuluka kwa kuuma kwawo, 4-level frostbite sikelo imatengedwa. Gulu loyamba limadziwika ndi "kuyera" kwa khungu, kutupa komwe kumakhala kofiira. Machiritso angatenge masiku 5-8, ngakhale ndiye kuti pamakhala kukhudzika kwa dera lomwe laperekedwa pakhungu ku zotsatira za kuzizira. Mu yachiwiri digirii frostbite, ndi kutupa ndi bluish-wofiira khungu kupanga matuza subepidermal osiyanasiyana makulidwe odzazidwa ndi wamagazi nkhani. Zidzatenga masiku 15-25 kuti zichiritsidwe ndipo palibe zipsera zomwe zidzachitike. Apanso, ndi hypersensitivity ku ozizira.

Gawo III amatanthauza khungu necrosis ndi chitukuko cha kutupa. Minofu yachisanu imazungulira pakapita nthawi, ndipo kusintha kumakhalabe m'malo owonongeka. Mitsempha ya sensory imawonongeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziwalo izi za thupi zisamve bwino. Mu digiri yachinayi frostbite, kwambiri necrosis akufotokozera, kufika fupa minofu. Khungu ndi lakuda, minofu ya subcutaneous ndi yotupa ngati odzola, ndipo kuthamanga kumatulutsa magazi, serous madzimadzi. Ziwalo zozizira, monga zala, zimatha kufota kapena kugwa. Nthawi zambiri, kudula chithoko kumafunika.

1. XNUMX mankhwala kunyumba chimfine. Iwo akhala akudziwika kwa zaka zambiri

Pambuyo pa imfa ya hypothermia

Pa autopsy ya munthu amene anamwalira ndi hypothermia, katswiri wa matenda amapeza kutupa kwa ubongo, kusokonezeka kwa ziwalo zamkati, kukhalapo kwa magazi omveka bwino m'mitsempha ndi mitsempha ya mtima, komanso kusefukira kwa chikhodzodzo cha mkodzo. Chizindikiro chotsiriza ndi zotsatira za kuchuluka kwa diuresis, zomwe zimachitika ngakhale pakuyenda bwino pa tsiku lozizira la autumn. Pamimba mucosa, pafupifupi 80 mpaka 90 peresenti. milandu, katswiri wa matenda adzazindikira sitiroko otchedwa mawanga a Wiszniewski. Madokotala amakhulupirira kuti iwo anapanga chifukwa cha kuphwanya malamulo ntchito vegetative mantha dongosolo. Ichi ndi chizindikiro chenicheni cha imfa kuchokera ku hypothermia.

Kuzizira kwathunthu kwa ubongo kumawonjezera kuchuluka kwake. Izi zimatha kuwononga chigaza chamutu ndikupangitsa kuti chiphulike. Kuwonongeka kwa postmortem koteroko kungaganizidwe molakwika ngati kuvulala kochitika.

Mlingo wa mowa m'thupi la munthu amene anamwalira ndi hypothermia ukhoza kutsimikiziridwa, koma kawirikawiri kuyesa kwa magazi sikungasonyeze kuchuluka kwenikweni komwe kumadyedwa ndipo kudzawonetsa mtengo wotsika. Izi ndichifukwa choti thupi loteteza limayesa kusokoneza mowa mwachangu. Ndipo 7 kcal pa gramu imodzi. Kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa kuledzera kwa munthu yemwe wamwalira chifukwa cha kuzizira, kuyesa mkodzo ndi chizindikiro chodalirika.

Zikuoneka kuti ngozi zoopsa zoterezi zimachitika pafupi ndi Arctic Circle. Palibe chomwe chingakhale cholakwika kwambiri. Anthu okhala m’malo ozizirirapo chisanu amakhala okonzekera bwino kuluma chisanu ndipo amadziwa mmene angakhalire ndi mikhalidwe yoteroyo. Kuzizira sikuyenera kunyalanyazidwa, chifukwa tsoka likhoza kuchitika nthawi yosayembekezereka, mwachitsanzo, pobwerako usiku kuchokera kuphwando.

Werenganinso:

1. M'nyengo yozizira, titha kukhala pachiwopsezo chotenga matenda a coronavirus. Chifukwa chiyani?
2. N'chifukwa chiyani timazizira m'dzinja ndi m'nyengo yozizira?
3. Osati kutenga matenda pa otsetsereka? Kalozera kwa osambira