DPI: zomwe muyenera kudziwa

Kodi pre-implantation diagnosis ndi chiyani?

DPI imapereka mwayi kwa okwatirana kukhala nawo mwana amene sadzakhala ndi chibadwa matenda zomwe zikanakhoza kuperekedwa kwa iye. 

PGD ​​​​imapangidwa ndi kusanthula ma cell omwe amachokera ku miluza yochokera ku in vitro fertilization (IVF), kutanthauza kuti asanakule m'chiberekero, kuti athetse omwe akukhudzidwa ndi matenda amtundu kapena chromosomal.

Kodi matenda a pre-implantation amagwira ntchito bwanji?

Poyamba, monga momwe zinalili ndi IVF yapamwamba. Mayiyo amayamba ndi kukondoweza kwa ovarian (mwa jakisoni wa tsiku ndi tsiku wa mahomoni), zomwe zimapangitsa kuti apeze ma oocyte ambiri. Kenako amabowola ndi kukhudzana ndi umuna wa mwamuna kapena mkazi wake mu chubu choyesera. Sipanapite masiku atatu pamene matenda a pre-implantation anachitikadi. Akatswiri a zamoyo amatenga selo limodzi kapena awiri kuchokera ku miluza (yokhala ndi maselo osachepera asanu ndi limodzi), pofufuza jini yokhudzana ndi matenda omwe amafunidwa. Kenako IVF imapitilizidwa: ngati miluza imodzi kapena ziwiri sizikuvulazidwa, zimasamutsidwa ku chiberekero cha amayi.

Kodi matenda a pre-implantation amaperekedwa kwa ndani?

Le Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (kapena PGD) ndi njira yomwe imatheketsa kuzindikira zolakwika zomwe zingatheke - chibadwa kapena chromosomal - m'miluza yobadwa pambuyo pa umuna wa m'mimba (IVF). Zaperekedwa maanja omwe ali pachiwopsezo chopatsira ana awo matenda oopsa komanso osachiritsika. Iwo angakhale odwala kapena onyamula thanzi, ndiko kuti, amanyamula jini yomwe imayambitsa matendawa, koma osadwala. Jini imeneyi nthawi zina sichidziwika mpaka mwana woyamba kudwala atabadwa.

PGD: ndi matenda ati omwe tikuyang'ana?

Nthawi zambiri, izi ndi cystic fibrosis, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, hemophilia, Steinert myotonic dystrophy, fragile X syndrome, Huntington's chorea, ndi kusalinganika kwa chromosomal komwe kumayenderana ndi kusuntha, koma palibe mndandanda wokwanira. zafotokozedwa. Chiweruzo chasiyidwa kwa madokotala. Kuphatikiza apo, palibenso kuyesa kwa matenda pa maselo a embryonic matenda onse chibadwa zovuta komanso zosachiritsika.

Kodi matenda a pre-implantation amachitikira kuti?

Ku France, malo ochepa okha ndi omwe ali ndi chilolezo chopereka PGD: chipatala cha Antoine Béclère, chipatala cha Necker-Enfants-Malades m'chigawo cha Paris, ndi Reproductive Biology Centers yomwe ilipo ku Montpellier, Strasbourg, Nantes ndi Grenoble.

Kodi pali zoyezetsa zilizonse asanalowetsedwe?

Nthawi zambiri, awiriwa adapindula kale ndi upangiri wa majini omwe adawatumiza ku PGD Center. Pambuyo pa kuyankhulana kwanthawi yayitali komanso kuyezetsa bwino zachipatala, mwamuna ndi mkazi ayenera kuyezetsa magazi kwa nthawi yayitali komanso yocheperako, yofanana ndi yomwe iyenera kutsatira onse ofuna njira yoberekera mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala, chifukwa palibe PGD yotheka popanda mu vitro feteleza.

PGD: timatani ndi miluza ina?

Amene akhudzidwa ndi matendawa amawonongedwa nthawi yomweyo. Zikachitika kuti dzira loposa aŵiri labwino silinavulazidwe, dzira limene silinabzalidwe (kuchepetsa chiopsezo chotenga mimba kangapo) likhoza kuzizira ngati okwatiranawo anena kuti akufuna kukhala ndi ana ambiri.

Kodi makolo ali otsimikiza kuti adzakhala ndi mwana wathanzi pambuyo pa PGD?

PGD ​​imangoyang'ana matenda enaake, mwachitsanzo cystic fibrosis. Chotsatiracho, chomwe chilipo pasanathe maola 24, kotero chimangotsimikizira kuti mwana wamtsogolo sadzadwala matendawa.

Kodi mwayi wokhala ndi pakati ndi wotani pambuyo pozindikira matenda a pre-implantation?

Ponseponse, amakhala 22% pambuyo pobowola ndi 30% pambuyo potengera mwana wosabadwayo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, zofanana ndi za amayi omwe ali ndi pakati panthawi yachibadwa, koma zotsatira zake zimasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wa oocyte komanso msinkhu wa mayi. mkazi.

Kodi amagwiritsidwanso ntchito posankha "makanda amankhwala"?

Ku France, lamulo la bioethics limavomereza kuyambira Disembala 2006, koma pokhapokha mwana woyamba ali ndi matenda osachiritsika omwe amafunikira kuperekedwa kwa mafupa ngati palibe wopereka wogwirizana m'banja lake. Makolo ake atha kulingalira, ndi mgwirizano wa Biomedicine Agency, kuti agwiritse ntchito PGD kuti asankhe mwana wosabadwayo wopanda matendawa komanso wogwirizana ndi mwana wodwala. Njira yoyang'aniridwa mosamalitsa.