Ndizotheka komanso kwachilendo kusintha mafuta amafuta ndi njira yotchedwa esterification. Chifukwa chiyani? Kulekeranji ? Mtsutsowo upitilira mukawerenga nkhaniyi.

Mafuta a masamba ndi mafuta amadzimadzi otentha otentha ochokera kuchomera chofewa, ndiye kuti chomera chomwe mbewu zake, mtedza kapena ma almond ake ali ndi lipids (mafuta).

Chifukwa chiyani muyenera kuchita chidwi ndi gawo la zodzoladzola? Chifukwa pamwamba pa khungu (the epidermis) limapangidwa ndimaselo (keratocytes) otsekedwa ndi simenti ya phospholipids, cholesterol ya masamba ndi polyunsaturated fatty acids.

Mafuta ambiri azamasamba amakhalanso ndi mafuta a polyunsaturated acids, chifukwa chake amagwiritsidwa ntchito kulimbitsa chilengedwe cha khungu kapena kuwachotsa ngati atasowa.

Komabe, pali zina zosiyana monga mwachitsanzo mafuta a kokonati omwe akuti ndi "konkriti" ndipo amakhala ndi mafuta okhathamira (sizikulimbikitsidwa).

Pali mbewu zopitilira 50 zopalasa zomwe mafuta amwali kapena ma macerate atsopano kapena opangidwa amatulutsa. Zodzoladzola zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi izi:

• Argan, yemwe amakula ku Morocco ndipo amatulutsa mafuta ofunikira;
• Jojoba, wobzalidwa m'chipululu ku South America;
• Shea, yomwe imachokera ku Africa (olimba kutentha kwapakati);
• Mtengo wa amondi, wokhala mozungulira nyanja ya Mediterranean koma wotchuka ku Malaga, womwe umathandiziranso kuchepetsa mafuta ofunikira.

Koma mafuta omwe ali ndi mayina osangalatsa amachokera kuzomera zambiri zabwino kwambiri zomwe zikukula mmbali zonse za dziko lapansi.

Rosehip (South America), Castor (India), Kamanja (Pongolotte mtengo wochokera ku India), Camellia kapena Tiyi (India), Sea buckthorn (Tibet), ndi zina zambiri, osatinso za macerates a daisies kapena monoi (maluwa aku Tahitian tiare) . Tiyenera kuyima, koma mndandandawo ndi wautali.

Koma mafuta osavomerezeka amabwera makamaka kuchokera kumanjedza (madera otentha, madoko ndi mapiri) ndi coconut (Asia ndi Oceania).

Kutali ndi ndakatulo yazomera, tiyeni tione zaumboni.

Kuwonjezeka kumakhudza umagwirira wa organic, ndikusintha kwa chinthu kukhala ester poyambitsa asidi wokhala ndi mowa kapena phenol.

Pogwira ntchito yomwe imatisangalatsa pano, mafuta acids (ma almond, mtedza kapena mbewu za mbewu zomwe zikufunsidwa) zimatsimikizika kuti zisinthe mafuta (zakumwa) kapena mafuta (zolimba) kukhala esters. Dziwani kuti mafuta ali ndi mafuta ambiri osakwanira kuposa mafuta.

Mafuta amafuta amafuta amasamba amathandizidwa ndi mowa wamafuta kapena polyol monga glycerol, wachilengedwe kapena wopanga.

Kuyendetsa uku kumatha kuchitidwa kozizira kapena kotentha. Kuzizira kozizira kumatha kuchititsa kuti zinthu zisungidwe (zomwe zimagwira ntchito) zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndikugwiritsa ntchito zosungunulira zachilengedwe zitha kuchititsa kuti asachepetse mphamvu zawo mwa kusungunula.

Chidziwitso: zofunikira zasokoneza mawuwo. Zowonadi, opanga ndi opanga zisankho amatsutsidwa. Zolemba zamagetsi zimaperekedwa mosasamala. Kumbukirani kuti zodzoladzola zachilengedwe zimayamika mafuta osakanizidwa, pomwe zodzoladzola zodziwika bwino zimagwiritsa ntchito ma silicone ndi mafuta amchere.

Mafuta amchere amachokera ku petrochemicals: ndiotsika mtengo, okhazikika, otetezeka, okhala ndi mphamvu zofewetsa komanso zowoneka bwino, koma opanda mphamvu yazakudya komanso kuchepa kwa biodegradability. Ponena za silicones, ndizopangidwa kwathunthu, chifukwa cha kusinthika kwa quartz.

Tiyenera kuyamba ndi mafotokozedwe omveka bwino omwe amatsutsana komanso otsutsana kotheratu.

• Mafuta otsimikizika ndi mafuta a masamba omwe asinthidwa ndimankhwala omwe amapangitsa kuti uzilowerera, kukhazikika komanso kutsika mtengo;
• Mtsutso woyamba ndi chitsanzo cha mafuta a kokonati kapena a kanjedza omwe ali ndi mavitamini, phytosterols (chomera "katundu") ndi mafuta osalimba ofunikira (omega 3 ndi 6) omwe esterification yotentha imawononga;
• Chachiwiri chimakhudza mtengo wawo wotsika. Koma kupanga mafakitale a mgwalangwa kapena mafuta a coconut ndi omwe amachititsa kuti nkhalango zitheke, makamaka ku South-East Asia (Indonesia, Malaysia) komanso ku Africa (Cameroon ndi Democratic Republic of Congo);
• Lachitatu ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo kosavuta: mafuta osakanikirana amaphatikizidwa mosavuta mumafuta opanda ntchito yotenthetsera. Mafutawo motero amakhala okhazikika komanso amakhala bwino.

Pazovuta zilizonse, zitsanzo ndi zotsutsana zimatsutsidwa. Mwina njira yabwino yopezera lingaliro sikutanthauza kutsutsana mwadongosolo magulu awiri amafuta koma kuwaganizira m'modzi m'modzi pamtengo wake, katundu wawo, kapangidwe kake ka chilengedwe komanso gawo lina lazachilengedwe.

Mafuta opangidwa ndi masamba adapangidwa kuti atonthoze khungu koma osati mizimu. Wisdom amalangiza kuti asawatsutse koma kuti muwagwiritse ntchito iliyonse pazabwino zawo, ngakhale kuwagwiritsa ntchito mosiyanasiyana malinga ndi zosowa za khungu.