Chilichonse chomwe muyenera kudziwa zokhudza alubino mwa ana

Kodi alubino ndi chiyani?

Anthu odwala alubino nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi khungu komanso tsitsi labwino kwambiri. Ndi a matenda chibadwa chomwe nthawi zambiri chimawononga kwambiri masomphenya. Zimakhudza pafupifupi 20,000 anthu ku France.

Kodi chialubino chingayambitse chiyani?

Choyambitsa chachikulu cha alubino ndi chilema kupanga melanin m'thupi la omwe akhudzidwa. Ntchito yake ndikuteteza khungu ku cheza cha ultraviolet. Zimapangitsanso kuti maso azitha kuyamwa ultraviolet. Ndilo makamaka lomwe limatanthawuza mtundu wa maso.

Kodi alubino amatengera kwa makolo?

Ulubino ndi matenda amene angathe kupatsirana kuchokera kwa makolo a munthuyo. Jini yomwe ili ndi vuto lopanga melanin imatha kupatsira mwanayo. 

Ma albinism amaso ndi oculo-cutaneous albinism

Chikondi chimakhudzanso khungu, komanso tsitsi ndi maso, okhala ndi mtundu wotuwa kwambiri. Zimayambitsa a kuwonongeka kwamphamvu kwamaso. Kukula kwake kuli pafupifupi 5% padziko lonse lapansi.

Malingana ndi ziwalo za thupi zomwe zakhudzidwa ndi alubino, mtunduwo umasintha. Ulubino wamaso umakhudza maso okha. Zimachokera chromosome X ndipo amavalidwa ndi akazi. Ana awo aamuna okha ndi amene angakhudzidwe.

Pamene matendawa amakhudza mbali zina za thupi (khungu, tsitsi, tsitsi), ndi oculocutaneous albinism (AOC). Amasiyanitsidwa ndi a kuwala kwambiri pigmentation kapena kusapezeka kwa mtundu m'maso, tsitsi, tsitsi ndi khungu.

Kusapeza bwino kwa matendawa ndikokongola komanso kutha kuonjezera chiopsezo cha khansa. Oculocutaneous albinism imatha kugwirizana ndi kusokonezeka kwa magazi-immunological, pulmonary, digestive ndi minyewa.

Onani tsamba la Haute Autorité de Santé kuti mumve zambiri zazizindikiro za AOC.

Zotsatira za chialubino ndi chiyani? Osaona

La kusawona bwino ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zazikulu za alubino.

Ikhoza kukhala yapakati mpaka yoopsa. Kupatula ma pathologies omwe amagwirizana nawo, kuwonongeka kwamaso kumeneku kumakhalabe kokhazikika. Kuwona mitundu nthawi zambiri kumakhala koyenera. Kuwoneka bwino kumawonjezeka pafupi ndi masomphenya, zomwe zimalola maphunziro kusukulu yodziwika bwino.

Mu mtundu wonse wa alubino (AOC), khanda limachedwa kupeza psychovisual reflexes. M'mawonekedwe osakwanira, kuwonongeka kwamaso kumeneku kumatha kuchepa ndi zaka.

Ana omwe ali ndi alubino: nystagmus ndi chiyani?

Le congenital nystagmus, omwe amapezeka nthawi zambiri mwa ma albino, omwe nthawi zambiri samakhalapo pakubadwa, amatha kupezeka m'miyezi yoyamba atabadwa, panthawi yakukhwima kwa fovea, dera la retina komwe masomphenya atsatanetsatane amakhala olondola. Ndi kusuntha kodzidzimutsa, kogwedezeka kwa diso. Kuwoneka bwino kumatengera izi.

Itha kuzindikirika panthawi yoyeserera. Ikhoza kutsimikiziridwa ndi glare ndikuchepetsedwa ndi kuvala magalasi owongolera.

Albinism: kodi photophobia ndi chiyani?

Photophobia ndi kutengeka kwambiri kwa maso pakuwala. Mwachialubino, photophobia imachokera ku kuchepa kwa kusefera kwachiwiri mpaka kuchepa kwa melanin. Imapezeka m'matenda ena a retinal kapena ocular monga l'aniridie et chromatopsie.

Albinism: ndi zosokoneza zotani, kapena ametropia?

Kaya ali ndi zaka zingati, alubino ayenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi maso awo. Inde, a ametropia Nthawi zambiri ndi matendawa: strabismus, hyperopia, presbyopia, astigmatism.

Chialubino: kodi chimakhalapo kangati?

Ulubino ndi matenda omwe amapezeka padziko lonse lapansi, koma ndi osowa kwambiri ku Ulaya. Komabe, zimasiyanasiyana malinga ndi mawonekedwe komanso kuchokera ku kontinenti kupita ku kontinenti.

Malinga ndi HAS, pafupifupi 15% ya odwala alubino alibe matenda a maselo. Chifukwa chake ? Pali zotheka ziwiri: masinthidwewo amatha kupezeka m'madera osazindikirika a majini odziwika ndipo samazindikiridwa ndi njira zoyambira kapena pali majini ena omwe amayambitsa alubino mwa anthuwa.

Albinism: chithandizo chanji?

Kuzindikira, kuyang'anira ndi kusamalira matenda obwera chifukwa cha alubino, dermatologist, ophthalmologist, geneticist, ENT, amagwira ntchito limodzi. Udindo wawo ? Lingalirani ndi kuonetsetsa a chisamaliro chamitundumitundu kwa odwala omwe ali ndi AOC.

Ana ndi akuluakulu omwe akhudzidwa ndi vutoli amayesedwa padziko lonse lapansi (dermatological, ophthalmological and genetic) yochitidwa ndi madokotala osiyanasiyanawa m'chipatala masana. Komanso, odwala amapindula ndi maphunziro achirengedwe okhudzana ndi alubino wamba komanso AOC, makamaka.

Pali malo osungiramo zachipatala komanso chibadwa cha albinism ya oculocutaneous, kotero kuti matenda amatha kupangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito gulu lotsatizana lolola kusanthula majini omwe amadziwika kuti amakhudzidwa ndi matenda a alubino oculocutaneous.

Albinism: chithandizo chanji?

Pali palibe chithandizo kuthetsa alubino. Kutsata kwa ophthalmological ndi dermatological ndikofunikira kuti athe kukonza zolakwika zowoneka zomwe zimalumikizidwa ndi matendawa.

Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi alubino, kupeŵa dzuwa ndikofunikira, kuti apewe ngozi ya khansa, khungu limakhala lolimba kwambiri komanso losavuta kumva kuwala kwa UV. Chitetezo cha khungu ndi maso ndichofunika pamaso pa dzuwa. Njira zodzitetezera: khalani pamthunzi, valani zovala zodzitchinjiriza, zipewa, magalasi adzuwa, ndikupaka 50+ index cream pakhungu lowonekera.