Nsomba za ku Siberia ndi Kum'mawa kwa Russia: kufotokoza ndi chithunzi, usodzi

Kwa oimira ambiri a theka lamphamvu laumunthu, kusodza ndi ntchito yosangalatsa, koma osati njira yopezera phindu. Ngakhale kuti, posachedwapa, zaka 100 zapitazo, kusodza kunali kosafunikira kwa anthu ambiri, monga ntchito yongoseŵera basi. Kwa ambiri, kusodza kunali njira yopulumukira.

Masiku ano, asodzi ambiri amabwera kumalo ena, osangalatsa kuti agwire chitsanzo chosowa koma chamtengo wapatali chomwe chingasiye kukumbukira moyo wonse. Siberia ndi Far East amayenderanso ndi anthu ambiri okonda nsomba ndikugwira nsomba zokoma komanso zamtengo wapatali, makamaka popeza pali mitundu yambiri ya nsomba komanso yokwanira. Kuphatikiza apo, malowa amakopanso asodzi chifukwa kusodza kuno nthawi zambiri kumakhala kwaulere.

Pano, zigawo zina zimasiyana chifukwa ndizotheka kufika kuno m'nyengo yozizira. Tsoka ilo, palibe chochita pano chokha, popeza malowa amasiyanitsidwa ndi zovuta, ndipo muyenera kudziwa malowo. Choncho, ndi bwino kugula mtundu wina wa voucher ndikupita kukawedza ndi gulu lonse pamodzi ndi woperekeza.

Mpikisano wopha nsomba m'nyengo yozizira umachitika pafupipafupi pa Nyanja ya Baikal. Pali malo ambiri ofanana, osangalatsa ku Siberia ndi Far East, muyenera kusankha malo oyenera.

Asodzi ambiri amalota kusodza pa Baikal, chifukwa apa pali imvi ndi omul, komanso pike, ide, catfish, nsomba ndi nsomba zina, zonse zolusa komanso zosadya. Kuphatikiza apo, pali malo okongola komanso osangalatsa okhala ndi nyama zakutchire.

Malo enieni a nsomba ku Siberia ndi Far East

Malo osungiramo madzi aku Western Siberia amaonedwa kuti ndi amodzi mwa nsomba zolemera kwambiri potengera kuchuluka kwa nsomba zomwe zimakhalamo. Mtsinje wa Ob umaonedwanso kuti ndi umodzi mwa nsomba zolemera kwambiri. Zimaphatikizaponso mayendedwe ake. M'mitsinje monga Yenisei, Tom, Amur, Yaya, Lena, Kia, Mris Su, Ters, Uryuk ndi ena, pali mitundu yambiri ya nsomba.

Malo osungiramo madzi ku Far East amapereka mitundu yambiri ya nsomba, zomwe zimafanana ndi nsomba zoposa 60% zomwe zimagwidwa ku Russia. Nyanja za ku Far East zimadzaza nsomba zamalonda ndi cod ndi salimoni, zomwe zimayamikiridwa kwambiri chifukwa cha nyama yokoma. Monga lamulo, amagwidwa mu Nyanja ya Okhotsk, Nyanja ya Japan ndi Nyanja ya Bering, yomwe ili ku Pacific expanses.

Mitundu iyi ya nsomba imagwidwa ku Far East:

• 40% herring.
• 100% nkhanu.
• 99% nsomba.
• 90% flounder.
• 60% nsomba.

Mwa kuyankhula kwina, nsomba zosachepera 80% za nsomba zonse zomwe zimagwidwa pamakampani ku Russia zimagwidwa pano. Kuwonjezera pa nsomba, pali nsomba za algae, zomwe ziri pafupifupi 90% ya chizindikiro, makamaka, ku Russia.

Mitundu ya nsomba zomwe zimakhala ku Siberia ndi Far East

Grayling

Grayling ndi yamtundu wa nsomba za salimoni ndipo ndi mitundu yodziwika bwino yomwe imakhala m'madzi omwe ali pafupi ndi madera akumpoto. Chiwerengero chachikulu cha nsombazi chimapezeka m'mitsinje ya Siberia. Amakonda mitsinje ndi nyanja zokhala ndi madzi oyera, pomwe madzi azikhala ozizira.

Anthu ambiri amalemera pafupifupi kilogalamu imodzi, ngakhale kuti zitsanzo zolemera mpaka ma kilogalamu 1 zimadutsa. Ngakhale izi, imvi yolemera ma kilogalamu 3 idagwidwa.

Nsomba imeneyi imatengedwa kuti ndi omnivorous, chifukwa zakudya zake zimaphatikizapo ntchentche, ziwala, ntchentche, algae, molluscs, ndi mphutsi za tizilombo. Akapeza caviar ya mitundu ina ya nsomba panjira, amadya.

Amakonda kukhala pafupi ndi ming'alu, pafupi ndi miyala ikuluikulu, pamtunda, ndi zina zotero, kumene ang'ono omwe ali ndi zida akumuyembekezera. Grayling imagwidwa pa ndodo yoyandama nthawi zonse, komanso popota kapena kusodza ntchentche. Pankhani yogwiritsa ntchito ma spinner osiyanasiyana, tizitsanzo tating'onoting'ono tikuyenera kukhala bwino. Ngati mutenga nyambo yayikulu, ndiye kuti mutha kugwira nsomba zazikulu, ngakhale pamenepa muyenera kudikirira nthawi yayitali kuti mulumidwe.

Muksun

Ndi wa banja la whitefish, komanso ndi nsomba zamtengo wapatali zamakampani. Nsomba imeneyi imapezeka mumtsinje uliwonse waukulu ku Siberia. Nsomba zimayamikiridwa chifukwa chokhala ndi zakudya zokwanira mu nyama.

Muksun amakula mpaka 75 cm m'litali ndipo amatha kulemera mpaka ma kilogalamu 12, ngakhale, anthu ambiri amakumana, osalemera ma kilogalamu awiri. Ngakhale zili choncho, asodzi amagwira zitsanzo zomwe zimakhala zolemera kwambiri, zolemera mpaka 2 kilogalamu. Ngati msodzi adagwira nsomba yolemera pafupifupi ma kilogalamu atatu, ndiye kuti izi ndizopambana kwambiri kwa iye. Amapha nsombazi ndi maukonde ngati palibe choletsa, chifukwa m’madera ena adakali oletsedwa.

Nsombazi siziyenera kugwidwa ndi maukonde, chifukwa muksun amayankha bwino nyambo zopanga monga ntchentche.

Chilonda

Nsomba ina yomwe imayimira whitefish. Chiwerengero chachikulu cha nsombazi chimapezeka m'mitsinje ya Ob ndi Yenisei. Nsomba zimakonda madzi abwino, ngakhale zimatha kukhala m'madzi ozizira. Chir amapezekanso ku Kamchatka. Monga lamulo, anthu amakumana, osapitirira theka la mita kutalika ndi kulemera kwa 3 kilogalamu. Ngakhale izi, nsomba inagwidwa, yolemera makilogalamu 11, yomwe inakula m'litali mpaka 84 centimita.

Kwenikweni, nsomba imeneyi imagwidwa ndi maukonde, koma imaluma bwino pa ndodo kapena kupota. Monga nyambo, mutha kutenga zonse zamoyo monga mollusks, tizilombo ndi mphutsi, komanso nyambo zopanga zomwe zimatsanzira mayendedwe a zinthu zamoyo m'madzi. Nyambo za rabara zodyedwa ndizotchuka kwambiri.

Malingaliro

Nsomba iyi ndi nthumwi yodziwika bwino ya banja la carp, ndipo imagawidwa kwambiri, ku Ulaya ndi ku Siberia. Ide imatengedwa ngati nsomba yamchere, koma imakonda mitsinje kapena nyanja zomwe zili ndi madzi ofunda. Choncho, malo akuluakulu omwe mungapezeko malingaliro ndi maiwe, nyanja ndi mitsinje, koma osati m'mapiri, kumene madzi amakhala ozizira komanso omveka bwino.

Lingalirolo limakula mpaka theka la mita, lolemera pafupifupi ma kilogalamu 3, ngakhale anthu olemera mpaka ma kilogalamu 9 amapezeka m'mitsinje ina ya Siberia. Ide imagwidwa pa zida zoyandama wamba kapena ndodo zopota zokhala ndi nyambo zopangira.

Nthawi yabwino kwambiri kuigwira ndi kuyamba kwa mdima. Amagwidwanso pa nyongolotsi wamba.

Nelma

Nsomba iyi imayimiranso nsomba zoyera, koma zazikulu kwambiri mwazo. Imakonda mitsinje ndi mitsinje yomwe ili pafupi ndi nyanja ya Arctic, komanso mabwalo amadzi a Siberia.

Pafupifupi, anthu amalemera pafupifupi ma kilogalamu 10, ndipo nelma imakula mpaka ma kilogalamu 50. Zimasiyana mu mawonekedwe a kukoma kosayerekezeka. Chifukwa cha kukoma kotereku, mtundu uwu umagwidwa mwamphamvu kwambiri, choncho, m'madera ena a Siberia ndizoletsedwa kuugwira.

N’zosatheka kugwira nsomba imeneyi pandodo yopota, choncho imagwidwa ndi mafakitale.

Mwamuna

Woimira wina wa nsomba zoyera, anthu ambiri omwe amalembedwa ku Nyanja ya Baikal.

Omul amakula mpaka ting'onoting'ono ndipo satha kulemera ma kilogalamu 8. Omul amagwidwa chaka chonse, kuchokera kumphepete mwa nyanja komanso kuchokera m'ngalawa. Amatenga nyambo zazing'ono, zomwe zimasiyanitsidwa ndi mitundu yowala. Nthawi zambiri amagwidwa pa nsomba wamba, pa nyama kapena pa mphira wa thovu. M'nyengo yozizira, nsomba iyi imapezeka mozama mpaka mamita 200, zomwe zimafuna zida zapadera. Chifukwa chake, kusodza kwa omul m'nyengo yozizira kumakhala ndi zovuta zambiri.

Pyzhyan

Pyzhyan imapezeka m'madambo osiyanasiyana a ku Siberia. Imakula kutalika mpaka 0,8 metres ndipo imatha kulemera pafupifupi ma kilogalamu 5. Nsomba imeneyi imagwidwa pa maukonde oponyedwa kapena m’madzi. Ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi amagwiritsa ntchito zingwe zokhazikika komanso nyambo. Zakudya za nsombazi zimaphatikizapo tizilombo ndi mphutsi zawo, komanso molluscs.

Wachibale

Nsomba imeneyi imakonda mitsinje yomwe ili pafupi ndi kumpoto. Zambiri mwa nsombazi zili m'mitsinje ikuluikulu monga Lena, Yenisei, Ob, ndi zina zotero. Nthawi zina, koma mukhoza kupeza zitsanzo zoposa mita kutalika ndi kulemera pafupifupi 100 kilogalamu. Nsomba imeneyi imagwidwa bwino nthawi ya masika ndi chilimwe ndi ukonde.

Lenok

Iyi ndi nsomba yomwe ili m'gulu la nsomba za salimoni, ndipo imakonda malo osungira madzi opanda mchere. Lenok imafalikira ku Siberia ndi Far East. Amakonda kukhala pamipata, komanso m'mitsinje yamapiri. Lenok imatengedwa kuti ndi nsomba yolusa yokha yomwe imadya zamoyo monga ntchentche, molluscs, tizilombo, nyongolotsi, ndi zina zotero. Lenok amagwidwa popota, pogwiritsa ntchito masipina osiyanasiyana, mawotchi kapena ntchentche kuti azipha nsomba mogwira mtima.

Taimen

Woimira salimoni uyu walembedwa mu Red Book. Ndizoletsedwa kugwira taimen pafupifupi m'madamu onse. Amakonda kukhala m'madzi atsopano, koma ozizira. Sapita kunyanja. Imatha kukula mpaka 2 metres m'litali ndikulemera pafupifupi ma kilogalamu 80.

Pike

Pike ndi nsomba yolusa yomwe imakhala pafupifupi m'madzi onse a Russia ndi Siberia, komanso Far East. Pano, zitsanzo za munthu sizili zachilendo, zolemera mpaka ma kilogalamu 35 ndi kutalika kwa mita imodzi. Kasupe ndi autumn zimatengedwa kuti ndi nthawi zopindulitsa kwambiri posaka pike. Pike imagwidwa makamaka pakupota, pogwiritsa ntchito nyambo zosiyanasiyana.

Dace

Yelets amakonda malo osungira omwe ali ndi madzi oyenda komanso owoneka bwino. Zimagwidwa pa ndodo zamba zoyandama. Monga nozzle pa mbedza, mukhoza kutenga nyongolotsi, mphutsi, magazi, mkate wamba kapena phala.

Burbot

Burbot ndi mtundu wokhawo wokhala ngati cod womwe umakonda madzi abwino. Imafalikira kwambiri m'malo omwe amayandikira nyanja ya Arctic. Kuphatikiza apo, imapezeka pafupifupi madera onse a taiga. Nthawi zambiri anthu olemera osapitirira 1 kg amabwera pa mbedza, ngakhale pali zitsanzo zolemera mpaka ma kilogalamu 25.

Burbot imakonda kwambiri nyengo yozizira, ndipo imabereka m'nyengo yozizira, mu chisanu choopsa. Popeza burbot imakhalanso yamitundu yolusa, ndibwino kuigwira pamphuno zanyama.

Chukuchan common

Uyu ndiye woimira yekhayo wa banja la Chukuchanov, lomwe limapezeka m'mapaki a Siberia ndi Far East. Chukuchan ndi nsomba yolusa ndipo imakonda nyambo zochokera ku nyama. Choncho, ndi bwino kugwira mollusks, nyongolotsi, tizilombo ndi mphutsi.

Chebak

Uyu ndi membala wa banja la carp. Amagawidwa ku Siberia ndi Urals. Ngakhale nsomba si yaikulu, pali anthu ambiri kulemera pafupifupi 3 kilogalamu. Chebaki samakana kaya nyama kapena chakudya chobzala, chifukwa chake, imatha kugwidwa ndi nyambo yamtundu uliwonse, koma imagwidwa ndi ndodo yamba yoyandama.

Usodzi ku Siberia ndi Far East

Mawonekedwe

Chofunikira kwambiri pausodzi m'malo awa ndikumwazikana kwa nkhokwe pamtunda waukulu, zomwe sizili zophweka kufikako popanda zoyendera zapadera. Chofunikira kwambiri ndikuletsa kwaposachedwa kugwira mitundu ina ya nsomba zomwe zalembedwa mu Red Book. Choncho, kusodza ku Siberia ndi Far East kuli ndi zovuta zina. Pachifukwa ichi, palibe chochita pano chokha, makamaka popanda chilolezo chapadera.

ubwino

Ubwino wopha nsomba m'malo awa ndikuti pali mitundu yambiri ya nsomba. Kusodza kwaulere kumaloledwa pamadzi ambiri. Ngakhale izi zili choncho, pali kale masamba omwe gawolo lidasinthidwa kapena kubwereketsa. Kuti mufike kudera lotere chifukwa cha usodzi, mudzayenera kulipira ndalama zambiri.

Kusodza ku Far East ndikofunikira makamaka m'dzinja, pamene grayling imagwidwa. Panthawi imeneyi, asodzi ambiri amabwera kuno.

malo ophera nsomba

Malo osangalatsa kwambiri ndi Mtsinje wa Ob, komanso dziwe lomwe lili pafupi ndi mudzi wa Razdolnoye. Pano mungathe kuwedza pansi pa chilolezo chokhala ndi malire pa chiwerengero cha nsomba zomwe zimagwidwa. Malo osangalatsa nawonso ndi Lake Tennis.

Malo osasangalatsa akuyembekezera asodzi m'malo osungiramo zigawo za Tomsk ndi Omsk. Ku Far East, asodzi amasankha Nyanja ya Japan ndi Nyanja ya Okhotsk, komanso Gulf of Peter the Great, mtsinje wa Kolyma ndi Indigirka. Malowa amaonedwa kuti ndi amodzi mwa malo osangalatsa kwambiri kusodza. Pano pali nsomba za pollock, lenok, taimen, char, grayling ndi mitundu ina ya nsomba.

Mwa kuyankhula kwina, Siberia ndi Far East ndi paradaiso weniweni kwa asodzi.